Giant sequoia: photo. Ina tsiro giant sequoia?

Giant sequoia ko Santa itacen (yadda kuma shi ne ake kira) an dauki daya daga cikin babbar itatuwa a duniya. Har ila yau, tsira ne daya daga cikin mutane da yawa abubuwan al'ajabi na duniya. Wannan iyali na giant coniferous itace iya isa wani tsawo na kan 110 mita, da kuma ta shaft diamita ne 12 mita. A tsawon rayuwar wata mu'ujiza yanayi ne mai wuya. Giant sequoia zaune na fiye da shekaru 5,000.

A tarihin abin da ya faru

Don kwanan wata, masana kimiyya sun ƙarasa da cewa wannan nau'in bishiyoyi bayyana a Duniya mafi miliyan 140 da suka wuce. Wannan za a nuna ta Point da kuma karatu burbushin da sauran ma'aunan kasa adibas, a kan tushen da yake yiwuwa yin lissafi da m lokaci na zargin wata babbar halitta halittu a Duniya.

A zamanin da sequoia mika wa yankin da aka sani a yau kamar yadda Faransa, Japan, kuma ko da a cikin New Siberian Islands. Giant itace riga ya wanzu a cikin Jurassic lokaci, a lokacin da dinosaur zaune cikin duniya, har ma sai da gandun daji zauna manyan yankunan a arewacin yammancin duniya. A cewar masana, shekaru miliyan 50 da suka wuce, saboda gaskiyar cewa da yawan zafin jiki a duniya ya tafi yawa, da kankara shekaru fara. Giant sequoia daina yada a fadin duniya, da kuma ta kewayo ne karfi da rage. Bayan jin wuta da itatuwa zauna a wannan mataki na ci gaba da kasance wa girma daya kawai yankin.

A farko giant sequoia gano Spain, wanda a 1769 aika wani balaguro zuwa yankin na yanzu San Francisco. Sunansa Santa itatuwa samu daga masanin ilimin harsuna da botanist S. Endlifera wanda farko ya kira su "ja itatuwa." Da farko, ba wanda ya san abin da ya yi tare da wadannan babban longevity. Su wuya maida su ba kome, saboda gaskiyar cewa da karfi kututturan ya kusan ba zai yiwu a buga shi saukar, kamar yadda ba su yi wani gatari, ko sawa. Bugu da kari ga dukan itace ta kasance cikakken m for yi, kamar Pine itatuwa ko wasu conifers. Forest giant sequoia ko hõre wargajewa a 1848. By lokacin fiye da rabi daga cikin itatuwan da aka hallaka, gwamnatin {asar Amirka yanke shawarar fara kare ban mamaki halittun da yanayi.

yau

Yau, da na halitta gandun daji na redwoods suna dauke jama'a dukiya, amma su sun tsira kawai a kan Pacific bakin tekun na California. Har ila yau, Santa itace ke tsiro a kan yammacin gangara daga cikin Sierra Nevada Mountains. Wannan shi ne kawai wurin da saura na ban mamaki da kuma ban mamaki gandun daji Refayawa har yanzu kiyaye su. Wannan ajiye maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na game da 670 kilomita na Coast da kuma tazarar kilomita 45 m. Giant sequoia tsiro high a tuddai, saboda high zafi da ake bukata domin shi. Duk da haka Santa itace copes tare da low yanayin zafi cewa kawai ya taimaka da wannan abin mamaki na duniya don tsira da kankara shekaru.

A kowace shekara a Amurka janyo hankalin dubban masu yawon bude ido da suke so su dauki hotuna a gindin itacen. Reserve, inda ta ke tsiro wata katuwar sequoia, kuma shi ne mashahuri a cikin Amirkawa, wanda ko mai suna daya daga cikin giant sunan wani shahararren American general. Wannan giant aka kare kamar wani abin tunawa, kuma shi ne da al'adu na dukan of America. Duk da sha'awa daga masana kimiyya, shi ba ya sare kan wani pretext.

Tree "General Sherman"

Giant sequoia "General Sherman" tsiro a cikin Sierra Nevada kuma an dauki daya daga cikin mafi ban mamaki shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa. A tsawo daga cikin itace ne fiye da 83 mita, da kuma girma na asallanta - 1486 cubic mita da kuma weighs fiye da 6,000 tons. An kiyasta itacen kusa da wani wuri da 2,700 years old, kuma shi har yanzu ci gaba da girma. A kowace shekara, da giant ne da fatar sama kamar yadda yawa itace kamar yadda iya score 18-mita itace. Masana kimiyya sun ci gaba da karatu a duniya kawai coniferous shuka, wanda ya gani a rayuwarsa tarihin 'yan adam.

Wani shahararren giant

Bugu da kari ga "General Sherman" a cikin ajiye, akwai wani m itacen - wata katuwar redwood (Sequoia). California, inda aka sare, har yanzu rike da tushe na giant. Haka kuma, shi ma ya bayar da girmamawa ga zama unofficial jihar alama. Itacen da aka sare a 1930 yana da shekaru 1930 da shekaru! A da ginshikin, wasu sassa a hade tare da fenti a kan su aka rubuta da wadannan:

1. 1066 - shekara na yakin Hastings.
2. 1212 - shekara na sanya hannu na Magna Carta.
3. 1492 - shekara na gano Amirka.
4. 1776 - shekara da jawabi na Independence.
5. 1930 - shekara na felling.

description redwoods

The itacen yana da wani lokacin farin ciki ɓawon burodi, na da kauri ne 60 cm. A itace danshi m abubuwa su ne gaba daya ba a nan, amma manyan yawa na tannin dauke, yin shi resistant zuwa wani gandun daji gobara. Ko ya konu kututturan ci gaba da girma da kara, yayin da sauran conifers bayan irin raunin mutu. A itace na wannan itace ne ba batun hare-haren da kwari, fungi, cutar da kuma rot. Its tushen girma haka mai zurfi, a cikin ƙasa, da cewa damar cewa wani itace da dama a kan wani karfi tashin iska na iska, shi ne sifili. Giant sequoia, wanda hotuna da kuma hotuna na kwatanci, yana da wani Rosy ɓawon burodi, wanda ya zama redder kusa da tsakiya. An dade ba ya rot, za su iya jure babban lodi da haka daidai dace don wani iri-iri dalilai, ko da yake ba rayayye amfani.

haifuwa

Adult sequoia itace samar da wani babbar adadin tsaba, amma kawai wani kankanin ɓangare daga gare su samu nasarar germinate, da kuma waɗanda suka yi musu da hanyarsu ta hanyar da ƙasa, tilasta yaki domin rayuwarsa. Gaskiyar cewa matasa harbe reshe fita tare da dukan tsawon, amma mazan ku zama, da mafi ƙananan rassan sun shafe ta. Kamar wancan ne itacen Forms m Dome wanda aka cikakken ba miss da hasken rana. Forest giant sequoias ba da damar wani abu to girma a karkashin wannan kore alfarwa. Saboda haka, matasa harbe yi jãyayya da matalauta lighting kan wannan yana da wuya ga magana game da halitta da rarraba redwood itatuwa a ƙasa. A cikin taron cewa bil'adama za su rayayye amfani da irin wannan itace, za su bukatar haifar da musamman reserves, wanda zai iya girma iri.