Rarrabuwa ta Black cavities: description, da mataki na aji da kuma magani

Caries - wani mummunan cuta. Amma likitoci sun ɓullo da wani m hanyar magance wannan cuta. Mene ne rarrabuwa na cavities ta Black? Ka yi la'akari da wannan tambaya a cikin mafi daki-daki.

hakorin lalata

"Cavities" ne Latin fassara a matsayin "rot". Wannan m pathological aiwatar mãsu kasãla sunã gudãna a cikin m tsokoki na hakori. Yawancin lokaci shi tasowa saboda da hada sakamakon cutarwa ciki da waje haddasawa.

A can farko na lalace ne m da lalata kwayoyin matrix da enamel da kuma demineralization mai da hankali ta inorganic rabo. Mazan wuya hakori nama lalata, da rami a cikin dentin bayyana. Idan haƙuri ba zai nemi taimakon likita na dogon lokaci, a can zai iya zama da rikitarwa da kumburi periodontal da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara.

A farko version

Mene ne rarrabuwa na Black? Wannan ra'ayoyi carious tsarin a kan hakori surface. An gabatar a 1896 domin sanin matsayin na magani a kowane asibiti hali.

Wannan rarrabuwa hada da biyar azuzuwan, kowanne daga abin da ya ɓullo da kansa cika makirci da kuma shirye-shiryen da hakora. A kadan daga baya, wannan tsarin da aka kara wa shida sa. Yau, shi kama da wannan:

• A farko aji - karaya fissure caries, rami da na halitta cavities buccal, taban da ake da Palatine hakori saman (fissure caries).
• Na biyu - lalata lamba saman na molars da premolars.
• The uku - da lamba surface caries canines da incisors, kada ku shãfe ta yankan gefuna.
• Fourth sa - aukaka Rotting incisors da canines, fusata sassa na sabon abu.
• Biyar - mahaifa caries. A wannan yanayin, da vestibular saman na hakora kungiyoyin da aka hallaka.
• Shida sa - lalacewa, sanya, a yankan gefuna da canines da incisors, premolars da molars tuddai.

Na biyu version

Black Nau'in caries sarrafawa da aka wakilta, a da dama versions. Na biyu gyara ne kamar haka:

• A farko aji hada da lalacewar kusa da fissure (na halitta sulci).
• Na biyu - hakorin lalata, wanda ya bayyana a kan jirage manyan da kananan molars.
• The uku - fadada daga cikin lamba fuskokin canines da incisors tare da kiyaye yankan gefuna.
• Fourth - caries a haɗa saman na incisors da canines tare da karye yankan gefuna.
• Biyar hada da mahaifa lalacewa.

The uku version

Rarrabuwa da Blake ne mashahuri domin ta uku version. Yau, shi ne kamar haka:

• A farko aji hada da lalacewa a yankin na halitta rami da fissures hakora.
• Na biyu - da ciki ya bayyana a kan lamba fuskoki da kananan da manyan molars.
• The uku aji - rami sanya, a lamba saman na canines da incisors (yankan baki ba shãfe).
• Fourth - daraja bayyana a hada guda biyu jirage canines da incisors (tãyar da yankan gefen kuma sasanninta).
• Biyar - da rami kafa a yankin na cikin wuyõyin hakora dukkan Categories.
• Daga baya an halitta shida sa, wanda aka classified a matsayin atypical kãmun maida hankali: mounds na taban da ake da yankan gefuna da gaban hakora.

WHO

Saboda haka, za mu gano cewa, irin wannan rarrabuwa na cavities da Black. WHO yayi da kansa warware. ICD 10, shi ya dubi kamar wannan:

• lalata da hakori enamel.
• lalace dentin.
• Halakar ciminti.
• bazuwar, tsaya a sakamakon tasirin da aminci da kuma kiwon lafiya da zaman.
• odontoklaziya, cikinsa da bacewar deciduous hakora tushen;
• wani bazuwar.
• unadjusted rot.

A zurfin na rauni

A gaskiya, bisa ga Black ta rarrabuwa ya samu da aikace-aikace a duniya. By digiri na caries halaka kasu kashi da wadannan matakai:

• na farko bazuwar.
• surface rushewa.
• caries matsakaici.
• zurfin lalace.

A farko mataki na ci gaba da caries a kan hakori surface wani duhu, ko fari tabo. Duk da haka, enamel ne mai santsi surface, tun da ilimin Halittar Jiki halaka tukuna. Bayyana tabo cire by likitoci na hakori kayan aiki. Su remineralizing hakora, kokarin hana m ci gaban da cutar.

A mataki na gaba da babba yadudduka an hallaka enamel bayyana mayar da martani ga wani kaifi zazzabi canji na ruwa da kuma abinci, da kuma ma acidic da abinci mai kayan yaji. hakori gab da zama m. A wannan lokaci, likitoci kara shafa yankin sa'an nan ta remineralization. Wani lokaci na waje caries bi da tare da shirye-shiryen da kuma cika.

Amince rarrabuwa na hakori wuya nama lahani ta Black ne mai kyau ga kayan aiki Zahnärzte. Kuma abin da yake a tsakiya caries? A wannan lokaci, da enamel Layer na hakori da aka halakar da haka da cewa wasu m ko intermittent zafi. A wannan yanayin, da bazuwar tsari ya riga ya kai sama Layer na dentin.

Ba mamaki, da hakora bukatar wajibi likita baki, a cikin abin da likita ta kawar da abin ya shafa yankin da kuma mayar da shi tare da taimakon wani sealing abu.

Kuma yanzu dubi zurfin caries. Wannan cutar halin m halakar hakori tsokoki, wanda ya shafi mafi yawan dentin. Idan a wannan mataki ya yi watsi da magani, da ɓangaren litattafan almara za a iya a hallaka su. A sakamakon haka, da mãsu haƙuri iya ci gaba pulpitis ko periodontitis.

Rami shiri. ƙwaƙƙwafi

Rarrabuwa da Blake kafa tushen hakori magani. Rami shiri ne da za'ayi a biyar, saukarwa. Mun yi nazarin asali dokoki a kan misali na farko aji na cavities, samarwa da sanannen likita.

A can farko shi ne da za'ayi na rami bude. hakori shiri fara da kau podrytymi enamel gefuna ba tare karkashin lafiya, m dentine. A sakamakon haka ne m bango. Number excised nama suna kafa ta kayyade bazuwar jam'iyya dentin. A wannan mataki, da likita dole ne samar da damar yin mai kyau view na rami kuma ta ci gaba da aiki.

Doctors tonawa nuna siffar zobe ko fissure burs sanya daga lu'u-lu'u, ko cemented carbide. Tool diamita yayi dace da girman da shigar da budewa da sako. Masana sun yi amfani da injin turbin tips juyawa a high gudun, da kuma ruwa-iska sanyaya.

tsawo

Nau'in cavities ta Black aka yi amfani da na dogon lokaci, kuma yana da taimako sosai ga Zahnärzte a aikinsu. Mene ne tsawo da m? A wannan mataki shi ya ci gaba da gano carious kogo. Tare da wannan aiki, likita yayi kokarin hana maimaita hakorin lalata. Specialist m shaci kammala rami siffar.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa, daidai da hanyar da "nazarin halittu rationality" I. G. Lukomskogo, tududa a shirya wannan mataki ba a yi.

Idan likita ya shiryu ne da fasaha, aminci reaming Black, shi samar da wani m excision na yankunan saukin kamuwa rot, to rigakafi yankunan. The fadada daga caries zurfafa haka yi ko Tapered fissure burs (carbide ko lu'u-lu'u). Lokaci guda amfani da ruwa-iska sanyaya.

hakora rarrabuwa Blake samar da m cika, ta hanyar da rage asarar lafiya hakori tsarin a cikin occlusal jirgin sama. Idan yankin na carious rami da aka cire, duk rududdugaggu nama excised da fissure kawai a cikin enamel. A kasa na sako a cikin wannan kissa ne nonclassic - taso keya ko tako.

A fitai da fissure likita ba ya cire babban adadin nama: shi ne isa zuwa ga aiwatar da tsagi zurfin 1-1.5 mm da nisa daga 0.7-0.8 mm, ba tare da tafiyarsu daga enamel iyaka. Yana kuma zai kawar da halittar da kaifafan gefuna.

A kasar, kamar yadda mai mulkin, don excision na fissures (fissurotomii) amfani da kunkuntar cylindrical burs. Wani lokaci wannan aiki ne da za'ayi mashi da kuma plamevidnymi drills.

necrosectomy

A na gaba mataki ne kau da caries - necrectomy. A likita kawar da tausasa da kuma gashin dentin caries na sako. Zone halaka da kuma demineralization da morphological ra'ayi, wannan mataki da aka shafe ta. Iyakoki na tududa aka halitta a yankin na undamaged m dentin.

samuwar

Next, da likita ya ba da rami a siffar wanda na taimaka wa m kullawa na hatimi. Ya kamata samar da isasshen juriya ga hakori warkar da ƙarfi a aikin lodi. A wannan mataki, da karshe kafa ciki da kuma m contours na kogo.

The sako Halicci fissure, plamevidnymi, pear-dimbin yawa conical da burs (carbide da lu'u-lu'u) tare da tilas ruwa-iska sanyaya. A gwani sa injin turbin handpiece kafin a juya a high gudun. Da ake so siffar da sako da aka samu a cikin ra'ayi na juriya da kuma riƙe.

kammala

Bayan sarrafa carbide ko lu'u-lu'u burs enamel sako baki yakan mallaki kwana siffar, shi ne ya raunana, shi Prism batattu lamba tare da ƙananan masana'anta. A nan gaba zai taimaka a canza da hatimin kayyade da kuma ci gaban putrefactive tafiyar matakai. Wadannan nuances wajabta karewa - karshe machining gefuna da rami, a sakamakon wanda dole ne a shafe lalace yankunan enamel.

A sakamakon haka, likita ya cimma mafi kyau ne kuma abin dogara hulda da fit tsakanin hakori tsarin da kuma cika. Wannan aiki ne da za'ayi 16 da kuma 32 dutse karewa burs ko lafiya-grained lu'u-lu'u kawunansu.

Physicians drills aiki a low gudu ba tare da matsa lamba da ake bukata ruwa-iska sanyaya. Suna kuma bi da tare da wani sako baki trimmers gingival gefe da kuma enamel wukake, cire bakin ciki matsanancin Layer na hakori, kuma banda gam yiwu illar a kan shi zafi fiye da kima, vibration da kuma wasu dalilai.

Kamar yadda ka gani, hakori magani ne quite a wuya tsari, amma idan a lokaci zuwa ganin likita domin taimako, za mu iya kula da Hollywood murmushi ga shekaru masu zuwa.