Pirandello Luidzhi, Italiyanci marubuci: biography, kerawa

Pirandello Luidzhi - sanannen Italian dramatist, mawallafin kuma gajeren labarin marubuci. A 1934 ya karbi Nobel Prize for Wallafe-wallafe. Duk da haka, wannan daya ne kawai dalilin da ya gano kerawa. Pirandello Luidzhi halitta da yawa ban sha'awa ayyuka, wanda har yanzu suna Popular.

Origin, yara da kuma ilimi a Jami'ar

A nan gaba marubuci da aka haife shi a Dzhirdzhenii (Sicily) a babban iyali. Luigi shi ne na biyu na shida yara. Mahaifinsa nasara kasuwa - ya mallakar da tawa ga hakar da sulfur. Luigi wallafe-wallafen da basira bayyana kanta sosai farkon makaranta shekaru. Kamar yadda wani matashi, ya rubuta wakoki da kuma hada wani bala'i, "jahili", da aka rashin alheri ba a kiyaye su.

Pirandello yayin ƙoƙarin ci gaba da iyali kasuwanci, amma zama ya kasance ba sosai nasara. Luigi a 1887 ya shiga Jami'ar Roma. Amma a shekara daga baya ya canja zuwa University of Bonn, a matsayin matakin da koyarwa ya kasance ba gamsu. Ga Luigi karatu falsafa da kuma wallafe-wallafe. A 1891, marubuci sauke karatu daga horo. Ya sabawa rubuce-rubucensu da aka kishin Sicilian yare.

Koma zuwa Roma

Pirandello ta farko tarin wakoki bayyana a cikin 1889 ( "m zafi"). A cikin wannan littafin, musamman irin sakamakon Dzhozue Karduchchi. Bayan kammala karatunsa, Pirandello yanke shawarar zama a Bonn. A tsawon shekaru, ya lectured a wannan makaranta.

A marubuci koma zuwa Roma a 1893. Lokacin da ya fara tsanani bi adabi taimakon kudi daga ubansa. A farko Roman Pirandello, "faffe", ya bayyana a 1901. A 1894th aka saki na farko tarin gajejjeran labaru, mai taken "Love Love", halitta a cikin hadisin na verismo. A wannan shekara gan da aure Pirandello. Insha 'yar mahaifinsa abokinsu, Antuanetta Portulato. Daga aure ga mace a Luigi ta 'ya'ya biyu maza da' ya mace.

Koyar, na farko play

Pirandello a 1898 ya fara aiki a Teachers College a Roma, inda aka nada Farfesa Italian wallafe-wallafe. A wannan ma'aikata Luigi sanar har 1922. A 1898 ya wallafa farko play, karamin daya-yi wasan kwaikwayo "Epilogue". Wannan aikin da aka sa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo ne kawai shekaru 12 daga baya, a 1910, a karkashin wani sunan daban ( "Sting").

Biyu muhimmanci al'amura cikin rayuwa

A sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa da ya faru a 1903, mahaifinsa Luigi nawa aka halaka. Koyar da kuma adabi yanzu karfe Pirandello kawai albashi wajen. da marubuci matar a 1904, ya sha wahala mai tsanani m fashewa. A na gaba 15 shekaru na ta azabtar da zalunci mania. Mace farin ciki tare da Pirandello tantrums kishi. A shekara ta 1919, da marubuci ya sa matarsa a wani tabin hankali asibitin.

Works of 1900s

Luigi ci gaba da rubuta da kuma buga su aiki, duk da kudi da matsalolin iyali. Pirandello ta uku labari, "The marigayi Mattia Pascal", an yadu yaba. A wannan aikin, halitta a cikin shekara ta 1904, ya gabatar da taken fuska da mask. Ado da msar tambayar ra'ayoyi kan art Pirandello kayyade a biyu ayyukan halitta a 1908: a "Kimiyya da Art" (tarin articles) da kuma labarin "Humor", wanda bayyanar da wani wuya tragicomic view na duniya na marubucin.

Plays 1915-21 biennium.

Har 1915 Pirandello rubuta yafi litattafan da gajejjeran labaru, da kuma bayan 1915 ya sadaukar da dukan rai da wasan kwaikwayo. By wannan shekara sun hada da kafa na farko da uku-yi wasa Pirandello "Idan shi ba ...". Dramaturgy ya sa da marubuci zaune kage, da kuma barin wasu lokaci koyarwa. A lokacin daga 1915 zuwa 1921 Luigi Ya halitta 16 guda, kowanne daga abin da aka sa a kan mataki. A play, mai jigo "Yana da haka (idan ka yi tunanin)" yana da musamman nasara tare da masu sauraro da kuma masu sukar. Yana da aka aiwatar a 1917.

Duk da haka, kasashen duniya marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ya kawo wani aiki, wanda aka rubuta a 1921. Muna magana ne game da play Pirandello ta "Shida Characters a Search na wani Author." Tun 1922, ta kasance a cikin matakai na New York da London (fassara daga Italian) tare da babban rabo mai girma. Duk da haka, Roman farko shi ƙare da kunya, kamar yadda masu kallo suka offended haruffa ra'ayin cewa mai kyau da kuma gaskiya ne zumunta. Kamar yadda mafi sukar, da play "Henry IV" ne pinnacle na kerawa Pirandello. Its firaministan kuma ya shafi 1922. A muka ambata a sama play kuma har yanzu ji dadin mai girma shahararsa. Suka sa da yawa a cikin sinimomi, a duniya. Fassara daga Italiyanci na wadannan kwaikwaiyo da aka sanya a cikin harsuna da yawa.

Features Kai Pirandello

Luigi a cikin balagagge ayyukansu, mayar da hankali a kan jigo na impermanence da kawayeniya yanayin da mutum mutum kwarewa. Ya haruffa ne da bã su da wani irin kasance akai darajar, da haruffa da kuma su dabiu ne Heart. Hali a duniya na Pirandello zumunta. A marubuci yi imani da cewa gaskiya ne - shi ne abin da ke faruwa a yanzu, a wannan lokacin. Luigi keta mask daga haruffa, da warware su daga komai bane illa kawayeniya, sosai yayi cikakkar karatu da hali da kuma m. Pirandello ta aikin da aka alama ta fi tasiri halitta Alfredom Bine ka'idar da tunaninsu da lamirinsu. Luigi zama Mai ƙididdigewa ga rubuce-rubucen na Jamus idealist masana falsafa a lokacin da yake koyarwa aiki a Bonn. Bugu da kari, marubucin samu ganin an a yadda m adam psyche. Bayan duk, na tsawon shekaru 15, Pirandello aka courting ya tunani da rashin lafiya matarsa.

Pirandello - da darektan, halittar gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Luigi ƙarshe ya zama sani ba kawai a matsayin marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, amma kuma a matsayin darektan. Ya za'ayi da staging nasa plays. Marubuci a shekarar 1923 ya shiga cikin Nazi Party. Mussolini taimaka wa kansa da ra'ayin kafa National Arts wasan kwaikwayo a Roma. Ya nagartattu cikin 1925-26. Ya yi rangadin da Amurka na Turai, da kuma Kudancin Amirka (1927). Maris Abba, manyan actress na wasan kwaikwayo na dogon lokaci ya zama tushen wahayi zuwa ga Luigi. Amma bayan wani lokaci, duk da gwamnati tallafin, da gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya fara fuskanci gagarumin kudi matsaloli. Ya nagartattu da aka wargaza rundunar a 1928.

shan farkisanci

Wasu masu bincike yi imani da cewa Pirandello Luidzhi girman da Nazis a matsayin flyweight, gajartawa. Duk da haka, dole ne a ce a cikin tsaro na Luigi cewa sau da yawa ya ya fito fili ya ayyana da kansa siyasa apathy. Sau da yawa Pirandello ko da amsa tare da zargi na jam'iyya mai mulki. Saboda wannan, bayan rufe daga cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo yana da matsaloli tare da samar da ya plays a Italiya.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Pirandello Luidzhi zama na wani lokaci a Berlin da kuma Milan. Ya yi tafiya mai yawa. A marubuci koma kasarsa a shekara ta 1933, kamar yadda shi da kansa ya tambayi Mussolini. Pirandello a 1934 aka bayar da Nobel Prize for Wallafe-wallafe. Luigi ya mutu a kan Disamba 10, 1936 a Roma. Jana'iza, bisa ga karshe nufin marubuci, akwai wani jama'a bikin. A Sicily, na haifuwa daga Liudzhi Pirandello, ya toka da aka interred.

Popularity Pirandello

Yau, a duk faɗin duniya ne m ba kawai taka Luigi, amma littafan, novellas da gajejjeran labaru. Daya daga cikin shahararrun litattafan, abin da ya halitta Luigi Pirandello - "Kunkuru".

Kuma a cikin kasar ne quite rare kerawa da wannan marubuci. A kwanan nan, watsa shirye-shiryen na "Me? Ina? Idan?" ko da wani tambaya alaka da Luigi Pirandello. "Wa hasãra mutãne, bisa ga harafin aikinsa?" - don haka wannan tambaya ƙaho. A daidai amsar - samman. Lalle ne, godiya ga shi, Adam ya koya game da insignificance a cikin sararin samaniya. Samman sanar da cewa shi ne ba da rana revolves a kusa da ƙasa, da kuma mataimakin versa.

Shakka daraja zama Mai ƙididdigewa ga ayyukan da aka halitta Luidzhi Pirandello. Stories, litattafan, litattafan da taka shi alama da wani babban m darajar.