Biography of Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy. ban sha'awa facts

Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna (shekaru na rayuwa - 1892-1941) - sanannen Rasha mawãƙi ne. Ta kasance 'yar Tsvetaeva Ivan Vladimirovich (1847-1913), masanin kimiyya. Domin ta aiki ne halin da romantic maximalism, da kin amincewa da rayuwar yau da kullum, da rusassun soyayya, Loneliness da muradi. Major collections na mawãƙi - "Milestones" (1921), da aka buga a 1923. "Craft", "Bayan Rasha" (1928). Ta aka kuma kafa a shekarar 1925 a satirical waka da ake kira "Pied Piper", da kuma na gaba - "waka na End." Biography of Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

iyali Tsvetaeva

Tsvetaeva Marina aka haife a ranar 26 ga Satumba (da haihuwa style - 8 Oktoba) 1892 a Moscow. Mahaifinta, kamar yadda muka ambata, ya kasance da wani masanin kimiyya wanda ya} ware a zamanin d tarihi, art da epigraphy. Shi ne ya kafa, kuma da farko darektan (daga 1911 zuwa 1913), Museum of Fine Arts. A farko da aure ne mai matukar kyau farfesa, amma bayan haihuwar 'ya'ya biyu, matasa da mata ta mutu, da kuma Ivan Tsvetaev sake aure Mary Mayne. A 1892, 26 Satumba, wannan biyu bayyana yarinya wanda ya karbi sunan Marina (ie, da "teku"). Saboda haka ta fara da biography na Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy.

Inna, Meyn Mariya Aleksandrovna, ya mutu a 1906. Ta kasance mai pianist, wani almajiri na Rubinshteyna A. G. Wannan mace ta yi da wani banbanci a kan Marina. Ta mafarkin cewa ita 'yar ma ya zama wani pianist. Duk da haka, duniya na shayari janyo hankalin matasa Tsvetaeva fiye da wasan kwaikwayon na makirci. Wani shekara shida yarinya rubuta da farko ayar. Kuma ba kawai Rasha Marina da ke faruwa, amma kuma a Faransa da kuma Jamus. Ã'a tsananin kawo har da 'ya'ya mata (Marina, da' yar'uwarta Anastasia) mahaifiyarsa. Sun samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi. Kakan rabin-yan'uwa maza da mata - da tarihi da kuma publicist Ilovajskij Dmitri Ivanovich.

} Ananan yara, daga nan gaba mawãƙi

Biography of Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy a farkon shekara alama ta cewa ta kasance yaro saboda rashin lafiya uwar rayu lokaci mai tsawo a Jamus, Switzerland, Italy. Karya a horo a cikin dakin motsa jiki da aka cika a azuzuwan a takardar makarantu a Freiburg da Lausanne. Marina gudanar m Jamus da kuma Faransa. Ta saurari a Sorbonne a 1909, Faransa adabi hanya.

farkon samun 'yancin kai

Bayan rasuwar uwar yaro kula fadi a kan mahaifinsa kafadu. Ya kasance m a wurin aiki, don haka ba su iya duƙufa dukan lokaci. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, watakila, da 'yan mata sun girma fiye da shekaru m, zama sha'awar farkon a kan siyasa halin da ake ciki a jihar, da dangantaka da akasin jima'i.

Ilimi Marina Tsvetaeva

A nema na uwarsa a wata matasa shekaru Marina Tsvetaeva tafi music makaranta, ya kuma ɗauki gida music darussa. Amma wadannan ayyukan bayan mutuwar Maria kara ci gaba da yi ba. Marina, da 'yar'uwarta samu ya firamarensa a gida, a karkashin shiryarwar mahaifiyarsa. A shekaru 8-9 shekaru, nan gaba mawãƙi halarci azuzuwan a cikin dakin motsa jiki Bryukhonenko MT, sa'an nan a Switzerland, a Lausanne. Ta yi karatu a 1903 a wani Katolika makarantar kwana, sa'an nan ya tafi bayan wani iyali ya koma wani Faransa shiga makaranta. Tsvetaeva ci gaba ta karatu a kasar Jamus, a gidan baki Freiburg. Ta sauƙi ba harsuna, sa'an nan shi ne sau da yawa sanã'anta a translation, saboda kerawa bã ya ƙãra albashi wannan mawãƙi, kamar Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography da waqe ta kawai bayan mutuwarsa fara janye sha'awa na mutane da yawa.

Marina tafi a 1908 zuwa Paris, inda ya shiga jam'iyyar a Sorbonne. Akwai ta saurari laccoci a Old Faransa wallafe-wallafe.

A farkon da wallafe-wallafen aiki

Creative biography na Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy fara kamar haka. A farko da wallafe-wallafen gwaje-gwajen da aka yi shirki game da da'irar da Symbolists na Moscow. Marina hadu Briusov, wanda ya mai girma tasiri a kan ta farkon shayari, da kuma irin wannan mawãƙi kamar yadda Ellios (Kobylinskiy Lev Lvovich). Ta halarci ayyukan kulake da kuma Studios, located a bugu gidan "Musaget". Har ila yau yana da babban tasiri m da kuma poetic duniya na gidan (a cikin Crimea), da art sukar lamiri da kuma mawãƙi Maximilian Voloshin. Ta zauna a Koktebel sau da yawa.

A farko collections

A nasa biyu tarin wakoki "Maraice Album" (1910) da kuma "The Magic fitilu na} asar" (1912), kazalika da a rubuta a shekara ta 1914 waka "Mayya" sosai bayanin gida wares (hotuna, madubai, dakunan, yara), karanta, tafiya a kan babban titi, music, aikin da, dangantaka tare da 'yar'uwarta, da kuma uwa abunda aka kwaikwaya diary na matasa yar makaranta. "Maraice album" da aka sadaukar domin tunawa da Mary Bashkirtseva Konstantinovna artist ta mayar da hankali diary, bayanan fuskantarwa. Kamar yadda aka rubuta a 1921, da waka "A cikin ja doki" siffar shahararre romantic ballads sami labarin da mawãƙi shawara.

m aiki

Dedicated dangantaka da Sofey Parnok (wanda har yanzu muna gaya), a sake zagayowar waqe-waqe "Girlfriend" ya bayyana a cikin 1916. A lokacin yakin basasa zo da sake zagayowar mai taken "Swan Song," wanda aka sadaukar domin heroism na fari sanda. Akwai a cikin ta ayyuka da waqe-waqe, da kuma romantic guda, kamar "mai jan doki", "Yegorushka", "Tsar Yankan".

Al'amarinsu tare da Rodzevich wahayi zuwa ga halittar tarin na "waka na End" da kuma "waka da dutsen." A Paris, akwai karshe rayuwa tarin Marina. Wannan iyali a 1928 ya koma daga Jamhuriyar Czech. Yana zauna Unpublished, kuma amma mafi yawan ta waqe. Marina sanya wani rai da yafi fassarorin da m maraice.

bala'i

Babbar asiri Efron iyali (mijin da mawãƙi), da kuma Tsvetaeva, abin da ya sa su su matsa zuwa tarayyar Soviet a 1939? Tsohon White jami'in, Efron, suka yi yaƙi da wuya a kan Bolsheviks, ba zato ba tsammani ĩmãni da rabo daga kwaminisanci. Ya samu baya a Paris tare da al'umma don sarrafa NKVD, wanda aikatã game da dawowar mãsu hijira zuwa ga mahaifarsa. A 1937, na farko ya zo Moscow Marina Tsvetaeva 'yar, Ariadne (wanda aka kama da kowa). Bayan da cewa Sergei Efron tsere, kamar yadda ya kasance damuwa dangantakar da NKVD a Paris. Marina da ɗanta bi mijinta zuwa karshen yin Aikin ƙauna matarsa.

A karshe shekaru na rayuwar Marina I.

Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru a kammala ta biography. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva samu kama mijinta da kuma 'yar a 1939, shi rafke da mawãƙi. Ta aka bar shi kadai tare da dansa George. Kuma da dangantaka tare da shi, washe ma rapt da hankali, sun gauraye. Very m saboda duk wannan a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief biography na kwanakin karshe shekaru na rayuwar ta kare bin wani m aukuwa. Agusta 31, 1941, bayan da aka kwashe zuwa Yelabuga dangane da barkewar yakin duniya na biyu, Tsvetaeva ta rataye kanta, a kan Kama River, a cikin zauren gidan, wanda aka kasaftawa musu da ɗansa. Yana taba aka samu kabarin Marina Tsvetaeva, duk da kokarin da ta 'yar'uwarsa Anastasia, wanda aka gyara a shekarar 1959, kuma ita' yar Ariadne (gyara a shekarar 1955). A watan Agusta 1941, a birnin Moscow, an harbe ta Sergei Efron.

Irin wannan shi ne taƙaitaccen tarihin Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna.

Darajar halittar mawãƙi

Mu ne sha'awar da mawãƙi, da rashin alheri, a lokacin da rai bai jira fitarwa. Ta ya je jin yunwa, kuma recitals da tarin deservedly aka ba nuna godiya da ya Sahaban. A halin yanzu, duk da haka, Tsvetaeva ne rightfully daya daga cikin mafi shahararren wakilan Rasha shayari na Azurfa Age. Taqaitaccen Tarihin Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna da ta waqe suna kunshe a cikin makaranta manhaja. A yau shi ne Popular waqe, da yawa kuma cikinsu sun zama shahararrun romances, saita zuwa music. Yanzu, ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma kasashen waje a kai da soyayya da kuma amincewa da Marina Tsvetaeva. Short biography a Turanci Marina Ivanovna, misali, an halitta ta mawallafa, da dama. A cikin Netherlands, a Leiden, da gidan da aka located a kan garun wanda aka rubuta waqoqi Tsvetaeva (hoto da aka nuna a kasa).

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Tsvetaeva

Personal rai na mawãƙi (ita kanta bai son kalma, da ake kira kanta da mawãƙi) daga ta aiki ba za a iya raba. Saboda haka wajibi ne a yi magana game da 'yan ban sha'awa facts cewa sun alama ta rayuwa. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva ya rubuta mafi kyau ayyukansu na soyayya, a lokacin da karfi tunanin abubuwan.

Mutane da yawa m litattafan sun kasance a cikin Marina na rayuwa, amma kawai soyayya ya zazzaga dukan rai na mawãƙi - shi ne Sergei Efron, wanda ya zama mijinta, da mahaifin ta yara.

Gabatar da su ya romantic, a cikin Crimea a 1911. Marina, yayin da budding mawãƙi, ya zauna a nan a bisa gayyatar da Maximilian Voloshin, ya kusa aboki.

Sergei Efron a cikin Crimea zo ya warkar da bayan amfani, kazalika warke bayan da ya kashe kansa da mahaifiyarta. Tuni a 1912, a watan Janairu, suka yi aure. A lokaci guda, Tsvetaeva 'yar, Ariadne. Duk da haka, duk da cewa da marina ne sosai nuna godiya da mijinta, 2 shekaru bayan haihuwar Ali (abin da ake kira gida Ariadne) ta qara fuskõkinsu, zuwa wani sabon labari. Kuma wannan lokaci da mace, mawãƙi da fassara Sophia Parnok kaunace Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief biography ga yara, ba shakka, bai ambaci shi. Painfully samu Efron so matarsa, amma yafe. A 1916, bayan da yawa jayayya da reconciliations, Tsvetaeva karshe m up tare da Parnok da kuma koma ga iyali.

Bayan sulhu tare da mijinta a cikin 1917, Marina haifi Irina, wanda ya zama cizon yatsa ga Tsvetaeva, wanda ya so wani ɗã. Efron halarci motsi na fari, suka yi yaƙi da Bolsheviks, don haka bar bayan juyin juya hali, Moscow, ya tafi zuwa kudu, inda ya halarci a cikin tsaro na Crimea. Ya yi hijira kawai bayan Denikin sojojin karshe an ci.

Tare da yara biyu zauna Marina Tsvetaeva a Moscow. Yanke wa iyali shi kuma ya sayar da abubuwa da za su ci. Duk da haka, domin ya ceci ƙaramin ya, duk da dukan} o} arin, ba zai zama mai uwa. Ira mutu a wani tsari daga yunwa, inda ta ba Tsvetaeva, suna begen cewa yaro zai ci kyau a nan.

Marina a lokacin rabuwa tare da mijinta tsira 'yan mafi litattafan, amma ya yanke shawarar a 1922 je Sergei Efron kasashen waje. Riga da alaka da mijinki, Marina a lokacin da gudun hijira a Jamhuriyar Czech ya gana da Rodzevich, wanda wasu masana tarihi yi imani da real mahaifin George, da dogon awaited ɗa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1925. Amma a hukumance shi ne Efron. Ta ya akai-akai jaddada Marina Tsvetaeva (biography, ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar wanda muka tattauna), wanda daga karshe ta haifi ɗa, mijinta. Saboda haka, shi ne partially fanshe su da laifi aka ji bayan da ya rasu a post-neman sauyi Moscow.

Wannan ne mawãƙi Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography, ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar ta, da bege, taso da sha'awar a cikin karatu ya ci gaba da sani da wannan haske wakilin cikin shayari na Azurfa Age. Nagari karanta ta waqe. Yake talented ayyukan halitta Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Short biography (wanda ake kira da Azurfa Age, fatan za ka tuna) an halitta domin samar da ban sha'awa a cikin ta aiki.