Gaskiya game da sarari, 'yan saman jannati da taurari

Gaskiya game da sararin samaniya, a matsayin jagora, yana jawo hankalin masu karatu a duniya. Abubuwan asiri da abubuwan asiri na sararin samaniya ba zasu iya taimakawa ba damuwa da tunanin mu. Menene aka boye a can, sama a sama? Akwai rai a wasu taurari? Yaya tsawon lokacin da za a yi don zuwa galaxy mai kusa?

Yi imani, kuna son samun amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyi ga kowa da kowa, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru, jinsi ko, ce, halin zamantakewa. Wannan labarin zai gaya maka game da abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da cosmos da cosmonauts. Masu karatu suna koyon abubuwa da yawa game da abin da basu sani ba kafin.

Sashi na 1. Tsarin Tsarin Duniya Na Farko

A shekara ta 2003, masana kimiyya na Amirka sun gano bayan Pluto wani - na goma - duniya ta tasowa a cikin Sun. An kira shi Eris. Wannan ya yiwu ne saboda ci gaban fasahar zamani, 'yan shekarun da suka wuce, masana kimiyya basu san irin abubuwan da suke sha'awa ba game da sararin samaniya da kuma taurari. Daga baya shi ma aka yi m cewa bayan Pluto akwai kuma wasu halitta sarari abubuwa, wanda ta hanyar da shawarar kwararru tare da Pluto da Eris zama da aka sani transplutonian.

Interest na masana kimiyya da sabon bincike taurari ne ya sa ba kawai ta hanyar da marmarin bincika m sarari a cikin nan da nan kusanci (a sarari nagartacce) zuwa ga duniya duniya. Yana da matukar muhimmanci don sanin ko sabon duniya zai iya karɓar mutane idan ya cancanta. Yana da mahimmanci a tantance abubuwan haɗari na sabon abu don ci gaba da rayuwa a duniya.

Wasu masu bincike na sararin samaniya sunyi imani da cewa abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da halittu da kuma nazarin siffofin duniyar duniyar goma zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance asirin da ke tattare da abubuwan da ba'a sani ba, gabanin tsarin girma a saman ƙasa, da kuma waɗanda ba'a bayyana su ba a kan filin.

Sashi na 2. Ƙwararren Aboki na Abokan

Shin watannin da aka sani ga dukan 'yan adam suna da asiri da yawa? Lalle ne, abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da sararin samaniya sun nuna cewa tauraron dan adam na duniyar duniya yana da damuwa sosai. Mun lissafa wasu 'yan tambayoyi, amsoshin abin da ba a taɓa samun ba.

• Me ya sa watannin suna da irin wannan girma? A cikin tsarin hasken rana, babu sauran tauraron dan adam wanda ya dace da girman zuwa Moon - yana da sau 4 kawai fiye da duniya!
• Yaya zaku iya bayyana gaskiyar cewa diamita na faifai na wata a lokacin kammalawar kyamarar ta rufe kullun hasken rana?
• Me ya sa watannin ke motsawa kusa da madaidaicin madogara? Wannan yana da matukar wuya a bayyana, musamman ma idan ka tuna da cewa dukkanin sauran tauraron dan adam da aka sani ga kimiyya sune ellipses.

Sashe na 3. Ina ne sau biyu na duniya

Masana kimiyya sun ce duniya tana da ninki. Ya nuna cewa asalinmu na duniya yana kama da Titan, wanda abokin abokin Saturn ne. A Titan akwai tekuna, dutsen tsaunuka da kuma ambulan iska mai zurfi! Nitrogen a cikin yanayi na Titan daidai ne a cikin kashi kashi, kamar yadda akan Duniya - 75%! Wannan abin ban mamaki ne, wanda, babu shakka, yana buƙatar bayanin kimiyya.

Abin takaici, har yanzu ba a sami shaida na rayuwa mai kyau a Titan ba. Amma, watakila, bincika abubuwan rayayyun halitta a duniyar nan basa da bege. Nazarin ya nuna cewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin farfajiyar da babban yiwuwar teku, 90% yana dauke da ruwa. A fili, da ban sha'awa facts game da nazarin sararin samaniya ne duk da haka ya zo!

Sashi na 4. The Mystery na Red Planet

An san Red Planet na Solar Ramin da ake kira Mars. Tsarin yanayi na rayuwa - abun da ke ciki na yanayi, da yiwuwar tafki, yawan zafin jiki - duk wannan yana nuna cewa bincika rayayyun halittu a duniyar nan, akalla a cikin tsari na farko, ba alamar alkawari bane.

Har ila yau, kimiyya ta tabbatar da cewa akwai wasu lichens da masallatai a kan Mars. Wannan yana nufin cewa siffofin mafi sauƙi na kwayoyin halitta sun kasance a cikin wannan jiki na sama. Duk da haka, ci gaba a cikin bincikensa yana da wuyar gaske. Zai yiwu babban matsala factor ne manyan nesa daga Earth zuwa Mars, wanda abu ne na halitta shamaki ga kai tsaye nazari na duniya - da flights daga 'yan saman jannati ne har yanzu sosai iyakance saboda ajizai fasaha.

Sashe na 5. Me ya sa jiragen sama zuwa wata ya tsaya

Yawancin abubuwan ban sha'awa game da jirage zuwa sararin samaniya sun haɗa da abokiyarmu. Ambasadawa sun sauka a kan wata, masu bincike na Rasha da na Gabas suna nazari. Duk da haka, riddles har yanzu kasance.

Bayan tafiyar nasara zuwa watã da saukowa a gefensa (idan, hakika, waɗannan gaskiyar sun faru ne!), Shirin shirin nazarin tauraron dan adam ya kusan yaɗa. Wannan fitowar ta faru ne mai ban mamaki. Gaskiya, menene lamarin?

Zai yiwu wasu m cikin matsalar zo idan ka yi la'akari da sanarwa na American jannati Armstrong tafiya a kan wata, da cewa shi ne da cosmic jiki An riga an dauka wannan nau'i na rayuwa, da yaki da wanda bil'adama yana da wani damar tsira. Abin takaici, kusan babu abin da aka sani ga jama'a game da abin da masana kimiyya suka sani.

Duk da cewa jirgin saman sararin samaniya da 'yan saman jannati zuwa watã ya ƙare, asirin wannan tauraron dan adam ya ja hankalin masu bincike a duniya. Ba'a sani ba yana da karfi mai karfi, musamman ma idan abu yana kusa, ta hanyar matsayi na sarari.

Sashi na 6. Wurin gidan sarari

Ƙirƙirar tsarin tallafi na rayuwa wanda yake aiki daidai a karkashin yanayin rashin nauyi - wannan aiki ne mai wuyar gaske. Tsarin shinge dole ne ya yi tafiya da kyau, tabbatar da ajiyar maniyyi da kuma saukewa a cikin yanayin yau da kullum.

Lokacin da jirgin ya fara kuma ya bar sararin samaniya, babu wani abu da za a yi amma amfani da takardun musamman. Wadannan kudade suna ba da damar ba da wucin gadi, amma gamsarwa sosai.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da jirgin farko da aka fara zuwa sararin samaniya ya nuna cewa da farko an samar da na'urorin tsabtace jiki ga cosmonauts da muhimmancin gaske. An kula da hankali sosai game da irin abubuwan fasalin da 'yan ƙungiya suka yi. A halin yanzu, tsarin kula da kayan aikin tsabta na filin jirgin saman ya zama mafi girma a duniya.

Sashe na 7

Ya kamata a lura cewa abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da sararin samaniya da 'yan saman jannati ba za su iya tasiri irin wannan lokacin na yau da kullum ba, kamar misali, hadisai da imani.

Mutane da yawa sun ce 'yan saman jannati su ne mutane masu yawan gaske. Ga mutane da yawa, irin wannan sanarwa zai haifar da damuwa. Shin hakan ne haka? A gaskiya ma, 'yan saman jannati suna aiki a irin wannan hanyar da alama kamar sun kasance masu tasiri sosai. Babu shakka, an dauki nau'in wormwood zuwa jirgin, wanda ƙanshin ya tuna mana ƙasarmu ta asali. A farkon fagen sararin samaniya ya hada da waƙar "Duniya a taga".

Ya fara ranar Litinin, Sergei Korolyov bai so ba har ma ya dakatar da kaddamar a kwanan wata, duk da rikice-rikice game da wannan. Bayyanan bayani ba ya ba kowa ba. Lokacin da cosmonauts suka fara fara ranar Litinin, jerin hare-haren sun faru a kan mummunar haɓaka (!).

Oktoba 24 shi ne kwanan wata na musamman da ya shafi abubuwan da suka faru a Baikonur (fashewar makami mai linzami a 1960), sabili da haka, a matsayin mai mulkin, a yau a cikin yanayi, aikin yanzu ba a gudanar.

Sashe na 8. Bayanan ban sha'awa masu ban sha'awa game da sararin samaniya da cosmonautics na Rasha

Tarihin ci gaba da fasahar cosmonautics na Rasha shi ne babban jerin abubuwan da suka faru. Abin mamaki ne cewa masana kimiyya, masu zane-zane da injiniyoyi sun ci nasara. Amma, rashin alheri, akwai cututtuka. Binciken na sararin samaniya yana da matukar wuya, da alaka da aiki a karkashin matsanancin yanayi.

Ga wadanda suke darajar tarihin binciken sarari, bayanai game da nasarorin da suka samu a ci gaban masana'antu, da kuma game da ƙananan yara, har ma da mahimmancin gaskiya, yana da tsada.

• Mutane da yawa sun sani cewa abin tunawa ga Yuri Gagarin a Star City yana da ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa: a hannun dama na cosmonaut na farko an rufe shi da daisy?
• Abin mamaki shine, rayayyun halittu masu rai da suka tafi a cikin sararin samaniya sun kasance turtles, ba karnuka ba, kamar yadda aka yi imani.
• Don yaudarar abokan gaba, a cikin shekaru 50 na karni na 20, an gina kwaskwarima guda biyu - kwaikwayo na katako da gine-ginen gaske, nisan da ke tsakaninsu shine kilomita 300.

Sashe na 9. Gano abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da abubuwan ban sha'awa game da sarari ga yara da manya

Abubuwan da aka gano a cikin masana'antar sararin samaniya, sune jama'a, wasu lokuta suna da yanayi mai ban sha'awa, duk da muhimmancin kimiyya.

• Saturn wani haske ne a duniya. Idan kuna zaton za ku iya yin gwaji tare da nutsewar ruwa a cikin ruwa, za ku ga yadda wannan duniyar mai ban mamaki zata fadi a kan fuskar.
• Girman Jupiter shine irin wannan cikin duniyar duniyar zaka iya "sanya" duk taurari wanda ke juyawa a cikin ɗakunan su a kusa da Sun.
• Gaskiya maras sani - asalin masanin kimiyya Hipparchus ne ya fara nuni na farko a cikin nisan 150 BC.
• Tun 1980, "Ofishin Jakadancin na Lunar" yana sayar da sassan launi - yanzu yanzu an sayar da kashi 7 cikin dari na watar (!).
• Don ƙirƙirar alkalami da za a iya rubutawa cikin rashin ƙarfi, masu binciken Amurka sun kashe miliyoyin dolar Amirka (samfurorin Rasha sun yi amfani da fensir a cikin jirgin don rubuta wasika, kuma babu matsala).

10. Magana mafi ban mamaki na NASA

A tsakiyar NASA zaka iya sau da yawa ji maganganun da aka yi la'akari da abin ban mamaki da mamaki.

• Baya ga yanayin yanayin nauyi, 'yan saman jannati suna shan wahala daga "rashin lafiya", alamun su shine ciwo da kuma tashin zuciya saboda mummunan aiki na kunnen ciki.
• Rashin ruwa a jikin jannatin saman jigon saman yana kula da kai, saboda haka akwai rikici na hanci, fuskar kuma ta zama mummunan.
• Ci gaban mutum a sararin sama ya zama babba, kamar yadda matsa lamba akan kashin baya ya rage.
• Mutumin da yake jawowa a cikin yanayin duniya a yanayin rashin rashin nauyi a cikin mafarki ba ya yin sauti!