Gamma-interferon: rawar da muhimmanci a cikin jikin mutum

Don kare jikin mutum daga tareda žata effects na pathogens - ƙwayoyin cuta, akwai wani ginshiki a cikin tsarin na rigakafi, samar da iko da cututtuka. Shi ne samar da Kwayoyin, kamar T-lymphocytes takamaiman abubuwa, daya daga wanda ke gamma-interferon. Kafa a tsarin na rigakafi, dangane abubuwa a matsayin wani salon salula tsaro. Me ya sa yake da muhimmanci don haka kamar yadda hoton, da kuma a kan abin da akai za mutunci na jikin mu - wadannan tambayoyi ne za a amsa a wannan labarin.

A sunadarai tsarin da kuma samun

Dalili na abu - a glycoprotein - alaka peptide carbohydrate. Biochemists kasaftawa biyu siffofin dabam-dabam amino acid abun da ke ciki 139 da kuma na farko monomer a polypeptide sarkar. Suna da ake kira gamma-interferon 1A da 2A. A talakawan kwayoyin nauyi na domin na 20 - 25 kDa. Kafa a mayar da martani ga shigar azzakari cikin farji daga cikin tsokoki da kuma sel a pathogenic wakili wakilta kwayar barbashi. A vitro abu samu ta hanyar fasahar binciken halittu da kuma kayyade aikin injiniya ta amfani da kwayan damuwa Escherichia coli, a plasmid wanda yana dauke da gene ga mutum interferon. Wannan gamma-interferon kira recombinant shi ne wani ɓangare na da shirye-shirye: "Immuneron" "Ingaron" "Immunnomaks".

Ginshikai na rigakafi da martani

Bayyanar da jiki dan hanya virulent pathogens ne ko da yaushe tare da wani tsarin na m tafiyar matakai, daya daga wanda ke kumburi. Yana hidima a matsayin alama, yi sigina farkon na biyu da cuta da martani cell mayar da martani ga antigens na pathogen. Akwai wani hadadden hulda tsakanin abubuwa na kamuwa da nama ko zuciya da sauransu. Yana dogara ne a kan abubuwa samar da sel da lymphoid nama: cytokines (lymphokines). Alal misali, mutum interferon-gamma, interleukin 2 da na kira da'a hadakai membrane interactions sun ba da cutar Kwayoyin fara kira na antibodies, kuma suna da gaske sigina sunadaran. Bari mu bincika su daki-daki.

Properties lymphokines

The mutum chromosome 6 biyu located wuri hada da wani sa na kwayoyin halitta, dauke da bayanai a kan antigenic kaddarorin da jini membrane da sauran salula da wasu gabbansa: da tsakiya, mitochondria, da dai sauransu Lymphokines da kansu ba su iya kai tsaye tasiri cikin antigens da ƙwayoyin cuta, amma da sauri kai bayani game da kasancewar kasashen waje abubuwa daga daya cell zuwa wani. Alal misali, tsoka mai amsa sigina na antigen-mataimaki Kwayoyin da T-lymphocytes Tor yanã da wani kwayuka sigina, biyu takamaiman Kunna gina jiki. Bugu da ari, a cikin lymphoid nama ne inganta mitotic division tsari - yaduwa, da kuma cell-sulhu tsakani rigakafi ne ƙwarai karu. Kamar yadda da wasu lymphokines, interferon-gamma damuarn tafiyar matakai na kwafi na kwayar nucleic acid, da kuma inhibits taro na inji na gina jiki pathogen. Za mu iya cewa gina jiki mahadi, dauke da mu, su ne tushen humoral rigakafi.

Yaya tsarin na rigakafi

Thymus, Lymph nodes, tonsils, appendix - wani wuri lymphocyte samuwar. M Kwayoyin nuna antibodies cewa hana ci gaban na jiki na dauke da kwayar cutar asalin. A farkon matakai na raya kasa na rigakafi da tsarin Kwayoyin kira butulci, ba zai iya ci gaba da lura na kasashen waje antigens, kwayoyin da ƙwayoyin cuta. Suna bukatar su girma da kuma zama immunocompetent - shi ya auku a cikin thymus. A tsarin da kwayoyin da cewa samar da duka biyu kare kansa Kwayoyin: macrophages, T Kwayoyin, kisa Kwayoyin, kazalika da daban-daban iri gamma-interferon karkashin iko da hakan cortical cibiyoyin na kwakwalwa.

Its aiki ne ma kayyade ta adrenal gland, pituitary gland shine yake da hypothalamus. Psycho-wani tunanin cuta, matalauta abinci mai gina jiki da kuma miyagun halaye rage rigakafi dauki na jiki, mafi sau da yawa wannan ke faruwa kan bango na kullum danniya. Tun da martani da kwayoyin ne a sakamakon ayyukan da duk da tsarin, wani take hakkin homeostasis rigakafi fraught tare da kasawa da kuma matalauta kiwon lafiya.

Antibodies to mutum interferon gamma

A likita yi a matsayin prophylactic da warkewa wakili amfani da abubuwa dauke da m sunadaran da suka samu ta hanyar allurar rigakafi na dabbobi da recombinant interferon. Antibody kwayoyin precipitated daga jini magani, tsarkake da kuma amfani da wani antiviral miyagun ƙwayoyi. Shi ne iya bunkasa ayyuka na jiki ta mallaka m mahadi, msl, gamma-globulins, da kuma rage bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi cututtuka: rhinitis da kuma hanci cunkoso, tari.

A warkewa sakamako na interferon

M glycoprotein damuarn da multiplication da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma stimulates cell enzymes, kamar gina jiki kinase adenilatsintetazu da kuma samar da danniya na kira na nucleic acid da sunadaran da kwayar ambulan. The abu yana da ikon zuwa tasiri ji na ƙwarai membrane sunadarai zuwa cell lymphokines, t. E. Shin immunomodulators. Gamma-interferon ga yara da kuma manya da ake amfani domin yin rigakafi da magani da mura da kuma na numfashi da ciwon ya kama, tare da m samfurori for gaban Koch ta bacillus a cikin jiki. A warkewa wakili da aka saki a cikin nau'i na Allunan, man shafawa, suppositories da injections.

A amfani da wani magani wajabta ta likita, yara za su iya fara daga watanni 6, ba da rashin yaro ta rashin lafiyan halayen da kuma tsanani pathologies na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Contraindication da magani daga mata ne ciki da kuma alerji. Yanzu kwayoyi musamman amfani da ilimin aikin likita na yara, dauke da m recombinant gina jiki tare da high tsarki da kuma cikakken rashi na polypeptide, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.