El firelman fir fir: bayanin da hoto

Tsarin bishiyar coniferous yana tsiro kusan a ko'ina. Akwai wasu 'yan jinsin wannan itace mai banƙyama. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau shine fir fir na Engelman. Game da nau'o'inta, game da lokacin shuka da yadda za a kula da shi, karanta a cikin labarin.

Janar bayani

Spruce na Engelman daga jinsi na iyalin El na Pine. A cikin yanayin yanayi, yanayin ci gabanta yana rufe dutsen duwatsu na gandun daji na Arewacin Amirka. Yana girma a cikin inuwa na gangaren dutse da kwaruruka a tsawo, 1500-3500 mita sama da ƙasa a cikin manyan wuraren tsabta da kuma gandun daji gandun daji.

Maƙwabta da ƙananan ƙananan wuri a inda suke ci gaba zasu iya zama masara da kyawawan furanni, yammacin tsugi, larch, tsauraran nau'i-nau'i mai launi, da maɗaukaki - filayen launi, tudun dutse, Liel larch, mai laushi, launi mai laushi.

Kamar yadda kayan ado irin na coniferous a Turai sun horar da su na dogon lokaci, daga tsakiyar karni na 19, kuma a Rasha - daga karshen karni daya. Engelmann spruce - mai sauri girma itace. Ba a sami rarrabaccen rarraba, ƙananan yankuna sun dace da girma. A matsakaita, ta rayu shekara ɗari uku ko hudu, amma a wasu lokuta rayuwarsa ta kasance shekara ɗari shida. Yana da babban sanyi juriya.

Halaye na nau'in

Yana da wani evergreen shuka tare da babban ado halaye. Duk da cewa kowane nau'i na wannan shuka yana da kaddarorin da ke rarrabe shi daga wasu spruce, duk sun dace da bayanin "babban". Lalle ne, wannan shuka ya kai mita ashirin kuma mafi tsawo kuma casa'in centimeters a diamita. Ana iya ɗaukar nauyin murfin coniferous mai girman mita uku a tsawonsa da mintuna biyu na fadi.

Bugu da ƙari, fir-wood of Engelman, wanda nau'i ba magana, yana halin da matsayi na musamman na rassan: su duka kadan dan kadan, kamar dai suna kuka. Ƙawanin kambi yana da siffar da ke cikin jiki kuma yana da matukar damuwa. Ƙananan ɓawon burodi da yawa fasa yana rufe Sikeli. Yana da launin launi-launin ruwan kasa. Young harbe suna da tinge yellowish.

Kodan suna da kwakwalwa, kuma allurar sunadaran ne. Yana da kaifi, hanyoyi biyu ko hudu a cikin kowane gefe. A launi na Pine needles matasa spruce launin toka-kore, da kuma tsohon itace - kore. Girma a wurare na asali, firs ba su zubar da buƙatunsu daga rassan har shekaru goma sha biyar ba.

Bayani na 'ya'yan itatuwa

Jirgin sune ovoid-cylindrical a siffar. A kan rassan suna cikin matsayi. Tsawonsu ya kai hudu zuwa bakwai centimeters, nisa - biyu da rabi. Jigon magunguna suna da launin burgundy, kuma balagagge - murmushi mai haske. Matakan da aka yi da ƙananan suna samuwa a fili. Lokacin balagaguwa shine Agusta ko Satumba. Falling Cones a cikin bazara domin na gaba shekara, yayin da suka ba crumble.

Ana samun tsaba a cikin sassan Sikeli. Tsawonsu shine mintimita uku. Suna fentin a launin ruwan kasa , kuma da wanda reshe na goma sha biyu millimeters. Da tsaba suna ƙananan. Don kwatanta: nau'i na nau'i nau'in nau'in nau'in nauyin nauyin nau'i uku kawai.

Amfani

Spruce sau da yawa baƙo ne a kasashen waje. Ya fi dacewa a cikin tsire-tsire guda ɗaya, kodayake ba ta rasa kayan ado da kuma lokacin da ke tattare daga ƙananan samfurori. Ana dasa shi a cikin lambun jama'a, tare da hanyoyi na tituna, a cikin murabba'i. An yi amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar yankunan alley.

Wannan nau'i na nau'in bishiyar bishiyoyin coniferous na da nau'o'in iri. Mafi shahararren shine spruce na Engelman Glauca. Wasu bishiyoyi suna dwarfish, tare da karamin girma kuma sabon abu a gare mu launi na needles, wanda yake da fari.

Spruce Glauca Kanad

Sunan yana magana akan kanta: wannan nau'i na bishiyoyin coniferous ne Amurka. Spruce shi ne babban nau'i a cikin tsarin taya na Kanada. Itacen zai iya girma a tsawon mita dubu biyar da ɗari biyar. Yanayin damina da girma ne wani analogue na Siberian spruce. Saboda haka Siberia ga Glauci ita ce gida ta biyu.

A cikin fassarar daga harshen Latin, sunan spruce yana nufin "sisaya". Kodayake siffofi masu ban sha'awa suna da yawa spruce. Amma ga yawancin Kanad, irin wannan gilashi mai launi shine al'ada. Girma a cikin yanayi na halitta, spruce yana da launi mai zurfi fiye da bishiyoyi, da kuma babban tsawo, har zuwa mita talatin. Ƙawanin yana da mummunan yanayi, yana da nauyin mita biyu. A cikin ƙananan bishiyoyi, an ba da rassan bishiyoyi a sama, yayin da aka saukar da bishiyoyi na farko.

Rayuwa na dogon lokaci, shekaru ɗari uku zuwa biyar. Yana tsiro akan kasa na kowane abun da ke ciki, amma ya fi son ƙasa mai laushi mai kyau. Spruce na Engelman glauca yana da tsayayya ga frosts Siberian. Kwayoyin gonar da iri iri na Kanada (akwai da yawa daga cikinsu) haifa vegetatively. Babban hanya shine cuting cuttings.

Ana kiran bishiyoyi masu girma da ake kira snow-covered. Su girma a Siberia ba sa haifar da matsaloli. Amma wasu nau'o'in varietal suna buƙatar shading a lokacin hunturu mai haske da farkon hasken rana. Musamman ma yana damu da bishiyoyi.

Pendula Spruce Serbia

Wannan shi ne mafi kyau shuka itace nau'in halin da kuka form. El Engelman Pendula Spruce ya kai tsawon mita goma sha biyu a shekara ashirin. Shekara guda tana girma ta goma zuwa goma sha biyar cikin centimeters. Kuma a cikin shekaru goma da tsawo yana da mita goma sha biyar. Ƙawanin yana da faɗi, tsayinta yana da mita daya da rabi. M harbe rataye ƙasa. Gilashin flat shine kore, tare da furen daga ƙasa, kuma tsawon tsawon har zuwa biyu centimeters.

Spruce fi son filayen tsaka tsaki da kuma tsaftacewa. Kada ku yi haƙuri da ƙasa mai tsayi da ruwa mara kyau. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a dasa shi daga haɗuwa da yawan ruwan da ke ciki. A kasan rami mai saukowa ya kamata a saka wani ma'auni na sauƙi na ashirin da centimita. Don wannan, zaka iya amfani da tubalin fashe ko yashi. Idan akwai rukuni na rukuni, nisa tsakanin itatuwan bishiyoyi ya zama mita biyu zuwa uku. Rigun ramuka suna zurfi, hamsin zuwa saba'in centimeters. Lokacin da dasa shuki wuyansa ba ya shiga zurfin ƙasa, ya kamata a kan matakin da ƙasa.

Don inganta rayuwar seedlings, zaka iya shirya kanka daga ƙasa daga sod da ƙasa mai laushi, yashi da peat. Sassan biyu na farko da aka gyara guda biyu sun haɗu tare, ɗaya kuma daga cikinsu shi ne na ƙarshe. Da zarar saukowa ya ƙare, ana shayar da tsire-tsire da ruwa mai yawa: hamsin hamsin hamsin da rami. A lokaci ɗaya tare da takin mai magani mai ban ruwa suna gabatarwa: nitroammophoska da cornevi, da nau'in kilogram goma da guga na ruwa.

Spruce na Engelman, wanda hotunansa ya gabatar don kallo, ba ya jure wa yanayin bushe. A cikin matsanancin zafi, yana buƙatar watering, wanda dole ne a yi mako-mako, sau ɗaya kawai. Kowane itacen yana shayar da burodi guda goma. Ƙasa a cikin zagaye na zagaye na kusa ya kamata a kwantar da shi zuwa zurfin sifa biyar, ba don ƙyale kafawar ɓawon burodi ba, da kuma yanayin hunturu na hunturu mai tsayi. Bayan lokacin sanyi, ba a cire gurasar ba, amma an haxa shi da ƙasa.

A lokacin kakar kayan lambu, an gabatar da takin mai magani sau biyu. Spruce yana tsinkaye a lokuta masu ban mamaki, lokacin da harbe su ke zama shinge. Wannan hanya mafi kyau a karshen Mayu ko farkon watan Yuni, saboda a wannan lokacin motsi na ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya tsaya. Ba a cire rassan lafiya ba. Ana adana itacen daga rassan bushe da rassan.

El Bush ya sa

Sunan wannan jinsin iri iri ne an fassara shi daga Turanci a matsayin "yarnin launi". Wannan itace tsawo ya kai bakwai mita a fadin - game da biyu. Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma yawansa yana da mita biyu da rabi. Shekara guda tana tsiro zuwa talatin na sita na tsawo.

Jirgin Lehem na Sheman yana da kyau sosai. Mai gudanarwa mai karfi yana da karfi, rassan suna da siffar mai ban sha'awa. A tushe an tashe su, kuma shawartarsu suna ta da hankali. A gefen akwati da rassan sun zama babban sutura. Ƙaƙasassin kambi a spruce yana tsaye, tare da launi mai launin shuɗi na needles. Siffar da ba ta da kyau da launi daban-daban na needles yana jawo hankulan masu kyau. An yi amfani da spruce don gyara shimfidar wuri na yankuna a matsayin tsutsaguwa da kuma rukuni na rukuni.