Da sabuwar jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

Yanzu da Amurka sojan ruwa tsaro na da goma jirgin sama dako - kwanan nan, akwai 11, amma "Enterprays" da aka rubuta kashe. Shekara arba'in jiragen ruwa na wannan aji ba sauko daga American hannun jari. A mafi zamani jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford" a shekara ta 2016 ya tashi zuwa darajoji, to da na halitta ƙi aka sanya up. Babu shakka, a lokacin da ta yi da aka dauka la'akari da mafi yawan 'yan ci gaba a fasaha. Ku bauta wa a matsayin wani abin hawa ya zama rabin karni, a lokacin da lokacin mai yawa da zai iya faruwa.

Aircraft dako a matsayin wani ɓangare na Amurka duniya dabarun

Riga lokacin yakin duniya na II jirgin sama dako samo asali daga kawai iyo hadahada karaya yãƙi rundunar raka'a. Duk da haka, a cikin Turai Maritime gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ayyukan soji, su rawar da ya ba da muhimmanci sosai, sun kasance ma babban burin, da kuma bukatar su kasance ba musamman. Amma da Japan, sun kasance a baje tasiri bukatar dabara iska goyon baya daga American gaba. Wannan ya biyo ta Korea da kuma Vietnam, domin wadannan yankuna wars kafa ikon yinsa, na fama manufa, shi ne a zaci cewa yin amfani da jirgin sama-dauke da mahadi ne mafi tasiri idan abokin gaba ba da tsanani m antiship. A saboda wannan dalili, a lokacin Cold War, da Amurka son na al'ada terrestrial soja iska da kwasfansu, wanda ya nemi kusa yadda ya kamata zuwa ga motsa har zuwa iyakar da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Warsaw yarjejeniya. A ƙarshe daga wannan sauki - da sabuwar jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford" ne a wajen aiwatar da manufofin da "babban itace", wanda ya riga ya juya a kan wani karni, kuma za su bauta, a kan ga kananan m kasashe suna da nisa daga US gaba.

Shugaba Ford

Gerald Ford Rudolph, Jr., ba shakka, kuma shahararren shugaban siyasa na zamanin 70s, kuma ko da gudanar da su bauta wa jama'ar Amirka a matsayin shugaban kasa. Duk da haka, sunan sabon jirgin da dukan m jerin, a cikin abin da ya ɗauki suna wuri, ya sa riga a cikin zane lokaci, wanda ya fara a shekara ta 1996, shugabannin adawa da talakawa Pentagon Navy sanda. Domin duk ta isa yabo, bisa ga yawa sojan ruwa "shaho", bai cancanci a cikin tsohon shugaban kasar, wanda ya mutu a 2006, saboda haka aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa da wani jirgin sama m. Gerald Ford R. ba su sãɓã ba kungiyoyin masu fafutuka, ya mai taimako detente tare da Tarayyar Soviet, haka ma, ya kasance da kawai shugaba ba zabe ta amince da hanya a Amurka, da kuma wanda ya zama "ta atomatik" bayan murabus a Watergate rikici Nixon. Shi yayi wani m sunan, bazai sosai asali, amma ban sha'awa, "America". Amma duk da shike, duk da haka m aka mai suna "Gerald Ford" a cikin shafin.

aikin

A ra'ayin na daban-daban musamman kishi. Bayan wannan dogon hutu, shi da ake bukata wani abu na musamman, da nuna unfading ɗaukakarsa, da kuma Titanic ikon da Amurka Navy, mafi iko a duniya. Daban-daban mafita an samarwa, ciki har da mafi juyin juya halin Musulunci. A sabon jirgin da aka asali nufin gina a kan Stealth fasahar, bada ta contoured siffar halayyar "ganuwa" angularity. Duk da haka, idan akai la'akari da kiyasta halin kaka, gwamnatin har yanzu yanke shawarar tsare jiki ya tabbatar da "Nimitz" aikin da wasu wajaba gyara da kuma mayar da hankali a kan fasaha al'amurran da kayan aiki. Da sabuwar American jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford" don haka kudin da kasafin kudin a wani ra'ayin mazan jiya kimanta na 13 biliyan, wanda shi ne sau biyu a matsayin high (ko da tare da fall na sayen ikon da dollar) fiye da kudin da suka gabata kama ayyukan. Jimlar, ta hanyar, ba karshe.

Comparative inganci ( "Nimitz")

Lokacin da, a general, irin wannan halaye (hijirar na 100 da dubu. T, girma daga cikin jirgin bene na 317 x 40 mita) tare da sabuwar jerin dako, kunsha a sabis a wannan lokaci, wannan jirgin yana da yawan indisputable abũbuwan amfãni. Ba tare da mazauni a kan tattalin arziki, za mu iya} iyasta cewa, a cikin farkon wuri sha'awar matuƙan, wato fama damar, wadda za ta yi wani jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford". Features shi kamar haka:

• Number reshe jirgin sama - 90.
• Yawan sorties lokacin da rana - daga 160 (al'ada rate) zuwa 220 (iyakar, a cikin fama yanayi).

Wannan karshen adadi shi ne babban shawara na sukar na aikin. Rabu amfani "Nimitz" na iya "harba" a cikin sama da kai a kan su bene 120 jirage a rana (kamar yadda ya saba). Fama tasiri karu da kawai 30% tare da karuwa a jawabin da a kan jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford" sau biyu.

Mene ne kudin jifa da bam?

Amirkawa la'akari da shi. Alal misali, da cewa a cikin past shekaru goma na sojan ruwa da jirgin sama aika zuwa ga shugaban da Serbs, Iraqi, Libiyawa da sauran "bad mutane" 16 dubu bama-bamai da kuma makamai masu linzami. Rarraba wannan lambar da yawan jiragen sama 18 na samar da wani adadi (as bama-bamai a kan talakawan tsĩrar da su da manufa kowane fama naúrar kayan aiki). Amma dai ba duka, akwai kuma bayanai a kan darajar da sake saiti kowane mutum munition - $ miliyan 7.5. Tsada? Saboda haka, idan muka yi la'akari da farashin da jirgin sama m-tushen F-35C, abin da yake faruwa ba da jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford", kuma ta tabbatarwa ta halin kaka, wannan adadin zai karu da sau da yawa. The jirgin kanta ne ma sau biyu, kamar yadda tsada. Saboda haka, domin cewa kasafin kudin da aka ba fashe, da ake bukata austerity matakan. Kuma suka riƙi, da kuma a kan ka'ida, sanyata matakin.

Yadda za a ajiye a kan jirgin sama m?

Babban abubuwa na kashe kudi a karkashin warship aiki sun hada da bayar wa a kan tabbatarwa ƙungiya, man fetur, depreciation da kuma ayyukan da alaka da horo da kuma fama aiki. A cikin zane na jirgin sama m "Gerald Ford» (Gerald Ford) ya dauki la'akari da buri na kasar jagoranci da kuma rage daga cikin rundunar motoci umurnin a kwatanta da "Nimitz" na sirri abun da ke ciki na crews, da kuma tabbatarwa ta halin kaka. The main "devourer na kudi" a kan jirgin ruwa tare da makaman nukiliya reactor ikon shuka ne dauke (ta "Ford" ne biyu da su), musamman a lokacin da maye makamashi dissipating abubuwa. A sabis rai na jirgin sama m - 50 shekaru, da kuma duk wadannan shekaru ya iya tafi ba tare da recharging. A nukiliya man fetur a ɗora Kwatancen a cikin zuciyar karkashin gini, ya ciyar rabin karni.

Amma ga ƙungiya, shi an rage zuwa dubu mutane, da kuma kunshi da 2,500 tawagar 'yan. Wannan shi ne cimma ta hanyar aiki da kai da yawa yadda ake gudanar. Duk da haka, da jirgin ta aiki a lokacin da sabis zai kudin fiye da biliyan 22.

TTX da makamai

A gaba jirgin sama m, da irin "Gerald Ford" aikin (CVN-77) za a kira "Dzhon Kennedi". Kan gaba shekara goma sha biyu, hudu jiragen ruwa da irin wannan ana shirya da za a aiwatar a kan jijjiga. Sane da su ba sosai, amma wasu bayanai da aka buga. Aikace-aikace m - 30 kullin (mil v hour) tare da takaita cruising iyaka, da precipitate ne 7.8 mita. Cikas 25. Add-ins aka tsara don rage girman tasiri watsi surface (EPR) ga m "Gerald Ford" a kan radar fuska zai "haske" kamar yadda gwada da kananan hallakarwa. A zane da aka yi amfani da ko'ina kumshin kayan (ciki har da damping amo) da kuma rediyo-mamaye shafi. The jirgin yana da wani iko radar da kuma kewayawa kayan aiki, sufurin jiragen sama, da tauraron dan adam masu lamba sadarwa, da kuma waɗansu da yawa, ciki har da wani tsarin na "Aegis". Wing zai zama dalilin "Super zirnako» F-18, da kuma yiwu F-35C, idan su samar da zai ci gaba. Da sabuwar American jirgin sama jigilar kaya da aka tsara don amfani mai fadi da kewayon unmanned motocin. Jirgin da makamai masu linzami VOP dangane SM-3 «Standard» tare da isasshe suna fadin yi.

Yadda m "Ford"?

The jirgin tana da ban sha'awa a cikin size da kuma, da muhallinsa, da yawan jirage a kan bene, a kasa da shi, kuma ta lantarki. Hakika, tare da zuwan ta Amurka jiragen ruwa za su zama ko da karfi. Duk da haka, a gaskiya girmamawa a kan feat. Irfan reshe capabilities a kudi na kariya da yiwu iska (ciki har da roka) hare-haren da shawara cewa, sabanin wasu makamai tsarin, jirgin sama m, Amurka "Gerald Ford" Ba gina domin yi musu wa'adi Rasha . Rasha sojojin ruwa sosai (a sau) ne na baya zuwa Amurka a matsayin janar hijirar, amma tana da wani tasiri tsarin kiyaye wadannan marine Refayawa a wani hadari nesa.

Dako - retaliatory makami mai real yaki da wani karfi maƙiyi, su ne na kadan amfani.