Chlamydomonas nivalis: tsarin fasali, mazauninsu

Ban mamaki da kuma musamman zane-zane iya, wani lokacin za a gani a duniya kewaye da mu. Alal misali, wani lokacin akwai wani m, na ado sabon abu, aka fi sani da "kankana snow". Haddasa shi chlamydomonas snow, kankanin jiki, wanda shi ne wani asiri to da yawa.

Kuma cewa zai gaya masana kimiyya?

Idan kuma muka juya wajen ilmin halitta, ba za ka iya ganin cewa chlamydomonas snow a kimiyya kira Chlamydomonas nivalis. Wannan inji, wanda nasa ne da algae. Duk da snow zanen a ruwan hoda har ma ja, shi ne classified a matsayin kore.

Kananan kwayoyin da aka samu kawai a sabo da ruwa, shi nasa ne guda-celled shuke-shuke. Gaskiyar cewa kore alga zo a kan yi dusar ƙanƙara, expanses a cikin ja, saboda gaban a cikin tsarin da pigment, da ake kira "astaxanthin". Bayan shi, da shuka qunshi wani kore pigment, kuma - ko da dalibai da aka sani chlorophyll.

Lokacin da chlamydomonas snow breeds, magana game da "blooming snow". A saman saya da wani m inuwa daga ruwan hoda, da kuma wani lokacin zama infernal ja, kamar yadda idan yanayi Ya mayar da hotuna daga wani tsoro movie.

Chlamydomonas nivalis nasa ne da sanyi masoya. Wannan alga - kishiyar mai yawa aji na thermophilic unicellular shuke-shuke.

rarrabuwa

Kelp a zamani ilmin halitta za a iya aiwatar da HALITTAR Chlamydomonas, na ga iyali na da wannan sunan. Yana, bi da bi, wani bangare ne na hanya, aka kira "volvoxes". A ajin na wadannan shuke-shuke samu da sunan saboda da pigment kunshe ne a cikin kwayoyin, shi ne ake kira "chlorophyceae". An ko da mataki na division - sashen. A shuka nasa ne da kore algae. A karshe, yana da shuka mulkin.

kyau duwãtsu

Tun chlamydomonas snow a yanayin zafi a kusa da sifili ji mai tuddai da explorers a cikin nisa arewa da damar da ganin wani kyakkyawan hoto.

Ba zato ba tsammani, m - ba kawai inuwa da snow high a duwãtsu. foci kuma sami:

• m.
• ja.
• ruwan kasa;
• yellowish.

Dalilin da flowering na snow - yana zaune a cikinsa microscopic shuke-shuke.

Mutu chlamydomonas snow a 4 digiri, haka ganin kyawawan wurare ne kawai mutanen da suka ba su ji tsoron sanyi.

Sau da yawa sosai m zanen ruwan hoda launi za a iya lura:

• a cikin Antarctic.
• a cikin Caucasus.

Idan ka cire a saman Layer, shi dai itace cewa a cikin dusar ƙanƙara fari. Wannan ya faru saboda bayani dalla-dalla na rayuwa da wannan sabon abu shuka - "chlamydomonas snow." Mazauninsu algae - kawai surface Layer.

Ta yaya wannan ya faru?

Jari na ruwan hoda pigment ne ba kawai haka, kuma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waje yanayi. Blooming farawa lokacin da iska ne warmer. A al'ada jihar a cikin dusar ƙanƙara cover shuka ne dormant, amma a lokacin da rana ta fara ji dimi, da na sama Layer aka thawed, kuma mafi kyau duka yanayi na haifuwa. Amma yana daukan kadan ya fi tsayi, saboda chlamydomonas snow a zazzabi na 4 digiri Celsius riga kashe.

Da yake a daidai lokacin da hakkin wuri, matafiyin iya tsayar da aiki da kuma aiki kankanin algae. A pigment accumulates da sauri. Nazarin wannan al'amari, da masu bincike ya dauki samfurori da dusar ƙanƙara, sa'an nan nazari a karkashin wani madubin da dumama da narkewa zafin jiki. An lura da cewa a cikin ruwa a wani babban gudun fara motsi m barbashi. Kowace daga cikinsu - wannan shi ne mai raba shuka.

ba a bayyane yake a fili

Yau, mai hawan duwatsu, matafiya, balaguro memba, kasancewa cikin dusar ƙanƙara, expanses, kamar jini, ba tsoro ko mamaki da wannan sabon abu, amma jin daɗin bude kafin shi a rare kyakkyawa. Amma ba ko da yaushe, duk abin da ya kawai haka.

Har kwanan nan, mutane ja snow wani real asiri. Ta yaya da yawa Legends hade da shi! Kawai kadan yayin da suka wuce, masana kimiyya da siffa fitar da abin da yake asalin da sabon abu. Algae da aka samu a cikin Arctic da Antarctic. Har ila yau, ya gano cewa, da jin kyau kwayoyin a cikin yanayi na high altitudes, yin mallaka ci gaba a dutsen jeri.

Yau, masana kimiyyar riga ya 140 jinsunan algae da sauran kwayoyin, iya imparting dama snow, asali, m launi.

Nature sake mamaki

Lokacin da kimiyya ya kama microscopic algae, da masu bincike da aka mamaki, saboda chlamydomonas snow a zazzabi na 4 digiri Celsius riga kashe. Sai ya juya daga cewa wannan shuka ne iya zama a yanayin zafi da cewa ba su da hankula daga cikin saba algae.

Don wannan rana, kimiyya ya sami ikon kafa, don haka da cewa wadannan kananan kwayoyin a low zafin jiki ba zai iya kawai tsira, amma kuma haifa, kula da wani aiki metabolism. Similar kwayoyin a duniya har aka yi wahayi ba.

Kuma abin da ke cikin tsarin?

Mene ne chlamydomonas snow? The fasali na wannan wakilin irin tsarin monad saboda gaskiyar cewa algae ciki unicellular. A jikin aka yi sama da:

• ido.
• contractile vacuole.

cell motsi bayar flagellum.

Asexual kwayoyin, sai haifuwa ne saboda mitospor.

Rufe microscopic algae kafa glycoproteins. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na shuka yana daya kawai kofin-dimbin yawa chloroplast. Kwaya ne ma daya kawai.

Bayani dalla-dalla na mazauninsu

Chlamydomonas nasa ne da 'yan cryophilic shuke-shuke. Yana zaune a can, inda dusar ƙanƙara cover yana duk shekara zagaye. The girma kakar ga wani shekara - daya kawai mako, da tsawon mafi girma Warming. Domin waddan da shuka yana bukatar ruwa daga narke snow.

Don chlamydomonas iya ninka, shi Forms wani zygote. Mafi yawa daga cikin shekara su ne dormant, amma da zaran yanayin samun dadi, zai fara mallaka girma. A wannan lokaci, da dusar ƙanƙara da blushes.

ban sha'awa lokuta

Yana janyo hankalin mai girma amfani da jama'a hali, wanda ya faru a shekara ta 1929. Sa'an nan da algae girma a kan sararin yankin. Haka ya faru a izinin Bass. The mallaka ya cika 'yan murabba'in kilomita a tsawon dubu uku mita.

Ba sau daya lura ban sha'awa mamaki:

• a Arewa Urals.
• a kan Franz Josef Land.
• a cikin Arctic.
• Kamchatka.

Famous shi ne idan lokacin Chlamydomonas girma a Khakassia a 2015. "Khakassia" gano sun kasance ma'aikata na ajiye. Kankana snow aka ruwaito a cikin watan Yuni, 20s. A mafi kyawawan wurare bude kusa Shaman kunya, kusa da tafkin. A tsawo saman teku matakin - game da 1700 mita.

Kuma abin da kuma su?

Chlamydomonas nivalis - ba kawai wakilin cryophilic algae. Daga cikin wadannan kuma Yanã:

• diatoms.
• cyanoprokaryota.

Tada duk wadannan jinsunan ya auku a karkashin hada sakamako na dalilai:

• abundance narke ruwa.
• kasancewa da na gina jiki a cikin yanayi;
• lighting.
• gaban a cikin ruwa na narkar da gas.

yana da ban sha'awa

Kama a wani flowery filin, akwai 'yan matafiya suka ba su da wani marmarin kokarin da dandano na snow. Amma da yawa da gaskiya kunyi shakka, kuma ba guba da shi?

Masana kimiyya sun ce ba za ka iya amince kokarin kankana da kuma ja snow, kome ba musamman a shi ba samu ba. Amma akwai ba zai iya zama da yawa, in ba haka ba za a matsaloli tare da ciki.

Algae a sarari

Kamar yadda muka samu daga lokacin da gwaje-gwajen da cryophilic algae - wani sosai Hardy shuka. Ba kawai za su iya zama a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, kuma a sifili da sub-sifili yanayin zafi, a gaskiya, da rayuwa kudi ne high ko a sarari.

Ba haka ba da dadewa, irin wannan micro-kwayoyin da aka yi karatu a kan ISS. Ga harkokin sufuri da zuwa dewater da algae, amma a cikin sarari guda na wata duniyar tamu sanya shi a cikin trays, wanda ya samar da wani gwada dadi yanayi. A gwajin dade 450 kwanaki. Samfurori tsĩrar bayan da suke zaune a waje sarari baya ga surface na duniya, nan da nan kullum bred a saba yanayi.

Yanzu masana kimiyya da sha'awar a cikin sunadaran da wanda algae sun iya daidaita da wannan danniya da yanayi. Akwai yiwuwar cewa tsabta a kan wannan al'amari zai taimaka wajen samar da hanyoyin da suke zartar da mutane. An zaci cewa shi zai zama da amfani musamman a lokacin kiranka na jirgin.