Alternating lantarki

Alternating wutar lantarki - yanzu tare da wani lokaci-mai sãɓãnin shugabanci da kuma ƙarfi. Wadanda igiyoyin cewa bambanta kawai a size, da ake kira pulsating. A masana'antu da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum ne mafi sau da yawa amfani alternating sinusoidal halin yanzu.

Tana mayar DC zuwa AC lantarki za a iya yi kamar haka. Aka sanya a cikin wani uniform a tsaye Magnetic filin nada na waya. Tare da uniform juyawa daga cikin nada game da axis of Magnetic juyi zai ci gaba da sauye a cikin girma da kuma shugabanci. Sanadiyar haka ne, da dokar electromagnetic shigar da, a nada aka kafa m, a shugabanci da kuma girma na cikin electromotive karfi (EMF). Idan irin wannan nada alaka zuwa wani waje kewaye, to, shi za mu sami wani alternating wutar lantarki.

Lokacin da jirgin sama na juyawa nada zama perpendicular tare da girmamawa ga filin Lines daga cikin Magnetic filin wucewa therethrough Magnetic juyi - da most (Φ = Φmax), gudun da canji a cikin sifili (ΔΦ / Δt = 0), kamar yadda ta hanyar wucewa a matsayin Yanã shiryar da juyin juya halin zamewa na Lines na karfi, ba tare da tsallaka su. Saboda haka, shigar da electromotive karfi kafa a nada zama sifili (E = 0).

Lokacin da jirgin sama na layi daya filin Lines, juyi iya shiga da shi, shi ne daidaita da sifili (Φ = 0), gudun da canji na da wuri a cikin wannan most ((ΔΦ / Δt) max), tun nuna na conductors matsawa perpendicular zuwa Magnetic filin Lines.

Electromotive karfi tasowa a cikin wannan harka a madauki, yana da wani matsakaicin daraja (E = Emax). Bayan kara juyawa na Tuddan gudun canji juyi iya shiga cikin nada zai kara. Saboda haka, EMF a cikakkar darajar zai kara daga 0 to Emax. Saboda haka, matakin da emf jawo a cikin juyawa nada da juyin juya halin ya musanya daga ta -Emax zuwa + Emax.

Mu bude nada waya da kuma hašawa da shi zuwa ga oscilloscope. Lokacin da nada rotates a wani Magnetic filin, da oscilloscope zai rubuta duk na yanzu canje-canje, wanda za a yi hukunci, da kuma canji da electromotive karfi a nada a lokacin daya juyin juya halin.

A halin yanzu generated a nada a lokacin da uniform jiyya a wani uniform Magnetic filin, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar waveform dabam sinusoidally. Wannan halin yanzu ake kira alternating sinusoidal.

A lokaci ga abin da electromotive karfi aikin daya oscillation, da ake kira lokacin da AC.

Letter nadi oscillation lokaci - T. Yawan oscillations da 1 biyu - na yanzu mita, wanda aka sanya da wasika f. Its naúrar na awo - hertz (Hz):

f = 1 / T, ko T = 1 / f.

Idan darajar da EMF a wasu sabani lokaci ne denoted ta e (ta instantaneous darajar), da kuma most darajar (ganiya) - ta hanyar da Emax, dokar bayyana da dogaro ne, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, za a iya bayyana a matsayin da wadannan magana a game da wani sinusoidal halin yanzu:

e = Emax˖sin (2 / T) t.

A mafi yawan kasashe, masana'antu da kuma na zama amfani alternating lantarki halin yanzu tare da wani mita na 50 Hz, tsowon lokacin da 0.02 na biyu.

Shiri na alternating wutar lantarki daga inji makamashi da aka yi da nufin na musamman inji, wanda ake kira da janareto. A ka'ida ba daga aikinsu - Shari'ar electromagnetic shigar da. A mafi sauki oscillator kewaye iya wakilta a matsayin mai frame juyawa a kusa da axis a wani Magnetic filin daga wani electromagnet ko m maganadisu. Lokacin da ka juya frame kafa ta m electromotive karfi a cikinsa. Ta haɗa firam zuwa wani waje kewaye, mun samu wani alternating wutar lantarki. An alternator ciwon Magnetic tsarin tsit da juyawa coils gina infrequently.

Kusan duk na janareta windings (anga) an saita tsit da maganadisu tsarin (inductor) da aka juya su. Immovable ɓangare na janareta da aka kira wani stator, kuma m - na'ura mai juyi.