BPD a preterm jarirai - abin da yake da shi?

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) a cikin wanda bai kai ba jarirai tasowa da tsawo daukan hotuna zuwa high oxygen matsa lamba halitta da respirator. Don kawar da cutar, jariri na bukatar musamman da magani da nufin ceton ransa. Bari mu bincika abin da shi ne, haddasawa, cututtuka da kuma lura da pathological fasali na sabon abu.

BPD a preterm jarirai - abin da yake da shi?

Kids, waɗanda aka haifa prematurely 'yan, da ake gittar da cututtuka daban-daban saboda rashin ci gaban da kayan ciki. Kusan kowace yaro yana da irin wannan tsanani sabawa a cikin numfashi tsarin. Domin ya kula da ake bukata matakin na oxygen da jariri ne alaka zuwa wani ventilator. Wannan kayan aiki, da iko da zafi, zafin jiki da kuma kwarara kudi na gas cakuda for numfashi. A m wahala daga wannan hanya ne bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia a preterm jarirai tasowa lokacin da fallasa su high yawa daga oxygen na dogon lokaci. Idan jariri ne a kan wani ventilator ga fiye da kwanaki 28, da hadarin da cuta ƙaruwa muhimmanci. Rare cuta yakan faru a cikin yara haife a lokaci, bayan tsanani rashin lafiya Bronchial shambura da kuma huhu.

A halin yanzu, duk lokuta da wani sabon nau'in BPD sau da yawa gyarawa, a cikin abin da huhu da mafi ƙarancin alveolarization baby, kasa alama inna na numfashi da kuma na huhu tasoshin. Idan aka kwatanta da "classic" bronchopulmonary dysplasia, wani "haske" nau'i na cutar da aka canjawa wuri da yawa sauki.

Sanadin BPD

A abin da ya faru na bronchopulmonary dysplasia rubuta bayan ya sauya sheka kashe yaro daga ventilator. Masana sun ce cewa akwai wani pathological sabon abu saboda da effects tsantsa oxygen a underdeveloped na huhu tsarin. Just asali BPD hadarin dalilai hada da wadannan:

• shigar da bronchopulmonary tsarin na dauke da kwayar cutar jamiái.
• m gwamnatin surfactant.
• na huhu hauhawar jini ya sa ta malformations na zuciya;
• lalacewar huhu nama a lokacin da aka haɗa zuwa ventilator.
• na huhu edema.
• bitamin ƙarara.

Musamman na kowa BPD a sosai preterm jarirai. Wannan category hada da jariran haife kafin 29 makonni da kuma yin la'akari kasa da 1500 surfactant tsarin ba da aka ɓullo da cikakken. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiyar cewa a lokacin expiratory huhu Alveoli fara tsaya tare da zama lalace, wanda tsokani tabarbarewar gas musayar. Don hana a ke so sakamakon, da yaro da aka haɗa ta ventilator.

A bayyanar cututtuka na BPD

A farko bayyanuwar da cutar da aka rubuta bayan disconnecting da jariri daga ventilator. Nan da nan zai iya ze cewa yaro yana da wani tabbatacce Trend, amma bayan wani lokaci akwai hadari sakonni. Sama da duka, iyaye ya kamata kula da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashi. Idan wani yaro sa fiye da 60 breaths da minti, kafafen hancinsa flaring karfi da kuma kirji yana da wani ganga-dimbin yawa bayyanar, maza maza, ka nemi taimakon likita.

M numfashi, phlegm a cikin huhu, mika numfashi, bluish fata - m bayyanar cututtuka na BPD a wanda bai kai ba jarirai. Menene wannan cuta da kuma yadda za ta tallafa a yaro ta yanayin? Far zaba ne kawai ta hanyar likita dangane da tsananin daga cikin yaro. Pre-aka gudanar bincike matakan: waje jarrabawa, duban dan tayi na zuciya, kirji X-ray. Bugu da kari, dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje, da tuntubar pulmonologist za a iya sanya.

BPD magani

Sakacin jariran Pathology bi symptomatically. Manufar irin wannan far kunshi a ya ɗauke bayyanar cututtuka da cutar da kuma daidaita numfashi. Duration na lura - daga makonni da dama ga 2-3 watanni.

Rarrabe tsakanin m, matsakaici da kuma mai tsanani bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A lokacin da mataki da cutar alama exacerbation da kuma gafarta musu. Drug far shafi yin amfani da corticosteroids, diuretics, maganin rigakafi (idan ya cancanta), bronchodilators, surfactants.

Antibacterial kwayoyi da ake bukata don hana ci gaban kumburi. Dauke mafi kyau duka miyagun ƙwayoyi daga macrolide da yadda ya kamata gasa tare da m bakan da pathogens.

far Features

Duk da cewa rashin lafiya tsokani inji samun iska a cikin magani aiwatar da bukatar oxygen far. Haxawa da jariri da na'ura wajibi ne a tabbatar da miciwa, da kuma duk kyallen takarda isa oxygen. Kamar wancan taro na gas cakuda da kuma matsa lamba a cikin kayan aiki an rage kamar yadda zai yiwu. Shi kuma za ya bukatar m monitoring na adadin oxygen a cikin baby ta jini.

Lokacin da BPD a preterm jarirai bukatar ci a rage cin abinci. Yana da muhimmanci cewa yaro ta jiki Yã isa zama adadin furotin da kuma ta haka ne hana haddi ruwa. Idan jihar na baby nauyi gina jiki cakuda shi ne gudanar da gavage. The ruwa girma rage zuwa 110 ml ta kg na jiki nauyi da rana su hana ci gaban na huhu edema.

A amfani da hormones

Hormone far wajibi ne a kawar da kumburi a numfashi fili, wanda ya auku a kan bango na bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Tsari glucocorticoids gudanar daga farko kwanaki na rayuwa a lokacin da yaro yana tsince a kan wani ventilator. Wannan rage hadarin mai tsanani munanan na numfashi tsarin.

Lura cewa hormone far yana da dama rashin amfani, babban abin da suke da illa na hyperglycemia, hauhawar jini, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Fĩfĩta ne sau da yawa ba inhaled steroids. Suna bukatar wani yawa karami sashi da kuma shafi kawai ƙananan sassa na numfashi fili. A lokaci guda, wannan far samar kawai ta wucin gadi kyau sakamako a mai tsanani lokuta.

"Dexamethasone" - daya daga cikin mafi inganci da kuma sauri-aiki kwayoyi daga cikin rukuni na glucocorticoids. Kuma an wajabta, a lokuta da gaggawa taimako na m manifestations cuta. Har ila yau, da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya hana samuwar sabon harin.

Jiyya na BPD a wanda bai kai ba "Dexamethasone" yara za su iya kashe sakamakon interleukin - ilimin aiki abubuwa shigar da yankin na bronchi da aka hannu a kumburi tafiyar matakai. A miyagun ƙwayoyi ya hana ci gaban na numfashi da kuma gazawar ne gaba daya lafiya ga yaro.

"Dexamethasone": bayanin da miyagun ƙwayoyi

A medicament ne m roba glucocorticoid wakili jerin. A mataki na "Dexamethasone" ne da nufin a daidaita da gina jiki, ma'adinai da kuma carbohydrate metabolism a cikin jiki. Yana mallaka karfi anti-mai kumburi, antiallergic, kuma protivosokovmi antitoxic Properties. A kumburi tsari ba kuranye, wajen rage yawan kira na mast Kwayoyin da eosinophils, wanda nuna proinflammatory shiga tsakani.

Domin lura da bronchopulmonary dysplasia a jarirai amfani da bayani a ampoules. A sashi da aka zaba na musamman kan wani mutum akai. Ka tuna cewa gajere amfani da kwayoyi yana immunosuppressive effects, da kuma dogon lokacin far kara hadarin shiga wata sakandare kamuwa da cuta.

Diuretics a BPD

Duk da rage daga cikin kullum m amfani a wanda bai kai jariran da BPD, su hana abin da ya faru na edema nada diuretics - diuretics. Su warkewa sakamako ne directed zuwa daidaita da acid-balance tushe da kuma wani karu a cikin adadin ruwa a cikin kyallen takarda.

"Furosemide" da aka fi amfani da tsakanin tsarin diuretics. Matsalar da wannan shiri ne don hanzarta ruwa reabsorption a cikin huhu da kuma inganta na huhu makanikai edema.

Tsinkaya, kuma sakamakon

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ne quite tsanani da kuma kawo hadari cutar. A tsanani cuta ne m, a 20% na lokuta. A m zuwa matsakaici cutar da kuma kyautata na baby ne zai yiwu a cimma a cikin watannin farko na rayuwa. Sau nawa ci gaba mummunan sakamakon bayan BPD a preterm jarirai? Guest masana sun ce wadannan yara wahala daga cututtuka na numfashi cututtuka, hawan jini, anemia, jinkiri jiki ci gaba.