Bank of England: tarihi da kuma bayanin

Daga cikin dukkan bankunan tsakiya na kasashen Turai, da Bank of England riko da wani wuri na musamman na girmamawa, da kuma, akwai kyau dalilai. A gaskiya, shi ne wani biyu Zakaran. Baya da cewa ya shekaru da yawa fiye da wani Turai mallakar gwamnati bankuna, shi ma ne mafi kudi ma'aikata a cikin dukan Albion. Ba abin mamaki ya zo up tare da m sunan "Old Lady", haka hinting wa conservatism.

Yadda da kuma lokacin da babban bankin Ingila da aka kafa

A tarihin wannan kungiyar ta fara a 1694. Duk da yake gwamnati da kuma Sarkin Ingila sun kasance a bukatar rance don biyan kudin yaki da Faransa. Daya Scottish kudi mai suna William Peterson, suka zo tare da ra'ayin samar da wani musamman kudi ma'aikata, wanda za a buga sabon banknotes da haka rufe kasafin kudin gaira. A sakamakon hadin gwiwa stock kamfanin, da masu da kimanin 1.260 hannun jeri aka halitta, ciki har da sarki da kansa, da kuma da dama 'yan majalisa na majalisar. A size na farko biya zambar goma sha biyu da ɗari fam, da kuma wadannan kudi kasance na farko da rance ga gwamnati. Saboda haka akwai Bank of England - da kungiyar, ba tare da wanda yana da wuya su yi tunanin abin da zai zama kudi tsarin da aka fi Birtaniya da kuma wasu kasashen.

A tarihin samuwar

Da farko, wannan shiri yana da hakkin ya baiwa rance kulla, don gudanar da ayyukan da kasuwanci takardar kudi, batun takardar kudi na musanya, da ya saya da kuma sayar da zinariya da azurfa. Sarki ya ba a ta da cikakken ikon - don karɓar rance, rance ya yi don samun izni daga majalisar. Ba dole ne a ce cewa har 1979, shekarar da ba su da wani dokokin hukumar aikin wannan ma'aikata. Kuma kamar wannan shekara, shi ya karshe an yarda da dacewa dokar, bisa ga abin da Bank of England shirya duk bashi cibiyoyin, ajiya-karɓarsu ga. Daga wannan lokacin a kan, bayan dubawa kowane daga cikinsu sami wani sabon matsayi. Sun zama ko dai gane da Bank of England, ko lasisi kamfanonin sami adibas. A wannan shekara ta 1979, da hukumomi a kasar dauka a hannuwansu da Conservatives, jagorancin Margaret Thatcher, da kuma mayar da hankali zama da manufofin kudi. Control na da ayyukan bankuna da za'ayi da gwamnatin ta hanyar sayarwa da kuma sayan promissory bayanin kula. Sa'an nan ka zo da shekaru 90, kuma suna dauke da wani fifiko ga bude kasuwar ayyukan. The Bank of England, cika umurnin da baitul, shiga cikin ma'amaloli domin tsara da matakin na kasashen waje musayar reserves. Bugu da kari, zai iya kuma dole ne ya shiga tsakani don sarrafa kudi na kasa kudin. A 1997, tsakanin Bank of England, ofishin dubawa da kuma finregulirovaniyu da baitul sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar, abin da ya bayyana akida, da kuma yanayi na su santsi aiki, da nufin tabbatar da zaman lafiya da kudi na jiha. A wannan shekara, a watan Mayu, babban bankin samu daga gwamnatin da hakkin ya yi nasu yanke shawara game da darajar da amfani rates.

management

The shugaban wannan kudi ma'aikata manajan (sabis rayuwa - 5 years), wani ɓangare na Directorate. Baya da shi a cikin wannan jiki sashi yana da 16 members, nada daga cikin gwamnatin na shekaru uku. 4 Director kasance a cikin ma'aikatan na Bank, yayin da sauran 12 - shi ne shugabannin manyan kamfanonin. Directorate zamar masa dole ya sadu da a kalla sau daya a wata, kuma da yawa tare da duk al'amurran da suka shafi cewa an ko ta yaya da alaka da ayyuka na Bank. Duk wani m tambayoyi an warware a matakin baitul kwamitin, wanda ya kunshi 5 gudanarwa, manajan da mataimakinsa.