Vehicle ZIS-150: bayani dalla-dalla, description, photos

The Great Patriotic War ya mutu saukar, da kuma babban kasa suka fara mai da. Duk da yake sosai rasa haske manyan motoci. Kuma wannan da aka halitta. Wannan ZIS-150. Duk da kananan iya aiki, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin maido da chores.

Tarihi na halitta

A farko mota zo kashe da samar line a farkon 1948. A sararin kasa manyan sikelin-sabuntawa da aka bayar, kazalika da maimaitawa na gaba dayan tattalin arziki. Yana da aka shirya yi wani kara kudi daga shekarar 1946 zuwa 1950, wanda a cikin sa halittar sabon kasuwanci motocin.

A sakamakon haka ne ZIS-150 - wani cikakken farar hula truck don har zuwa 4 tan. Ya dogara ne a kan masana iya ganin kamance da Amirka model na kasa da kasa, wanda aka bayar a 1941. A halin yanzu, ko da na tsira talla da kuma latsa sake game da wannan mota.

Tarihi ya san yadda za a ci gaba da bunkasa da American jerin, amma a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da aka saki game da 700 000 motoci na wannan alama. Wannan adadi da aka gabatar ba tare da shan la'akari da daban-daban analogs, waxanda suke da samuwa a Turai a karkashin lasisi.

ZIS-150 da aka cikakken hadu duk tsammanin na gwamnati da kuma daidai nuna kanta a cikin kasa da tattalin arziki. Alƙawura a mota ya sosai, sosai.

Ko kafin yaki

Shahararren ZIS-5 da aka gina kafin yaki. ZIS-15 na farko samfurori fara bayyana daga 1938 zuwa 1940. Sa'an nan a cikin zane da aka aza ikon hažaka. Shi yiwuwa a kara da damar, da iko, dandali masu girma dabam, kazalika da ta'aziyya. Amma duk da wannan dole ne a kashe a tsara mai zuwa.

A developers sun kafa wani aiki don ƙirƙirar sabuwar truck, kuma a kalla ba samunsa, amma su sun jimre wa wannan aiki.

Fitarwa a jerin

Bayan da yaki, akwai wani gibi na high quality-gami karfe. Kuma na farko truck da aka samar da wani sauki shawa na karfe da kuma itace. Duk da haka, bayan shekaru 2 cubicle canza halittarsa, kuma ya kasance mai dukansa karfe. Gilashin motan da aka hada biyu halves. Hagu gilashin za a iya dauke - shi na amfani da rocker inji.

A truck aka sanye take da wani ikon naúrar 5.5 lita da ikon 90 "dawakai". Domin wannan engine, injiniyoyi da aka sosai sãka Jihar Prize. Sa'an nan kuma, saki na ZIS-150 Director Likhachev shuka da aka ma bayar da wata kyauta.

bayyanar

New farko samfur mai suna ZIS-150. A gida ya Tapered grille. The zane ne sosai kama da "Opel-Blitz". Amma Soviet truck "Opel" babu iyali dangantaka da ba. Kamar amfani da su haifar da wasu daga cikin bayanai da pre-yaki truck PT-7.

A shekara daga baya, mun yanke shawarar yin taksi restyling. Ga kuma mun iya ganin kama da American motoci daga Harvester.

Ga batu ne da cewa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ko ta yaya gudanar da shawarwari da sayan a Amurka presses domin samar da wasu aka gyara na na'ura. Bugu da kari ga gida, da "Hero of Socialist Labor" daga Amirkawa ba su da komai. Sauran ayyukan da aka gada daga ta m - ZIS-15.

1945 yana da muhimmanci a cikin tarihin wannan inji shi ne gaskiya cewa wannan shi ne shekara da aka farko da aka nuna a fadi masu sauraro. Shi ne mai samfur, wanda aka nuna a cikin masana'antu nuni.

Gida bayan restyling

A sabon taksi ya kasance gaba daya karfe. Its rufi da kuma mayar da bango makaran, gaban panel kuma yana da thermal rufi.

Kamar yadda tabarau a farkon motoci a cikin masana'antar yin amfani da triplex gilashi wanda ya sãɓã, Layer na celluloid. Duk da haka, kwarewa ya nuna cewa shi yana da dukiya da Fade da kuma flake saboda yanayin yanayi da kuma hazo. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a 1953 ya fara amfani da zafin gilashi. An halin high ƙarfi, kuma bã, zai delaminate.

Gilashin motan wiper aka Fitted. Ya yi amfani da su yi aiki domin matsa iska. ya drive aka haɗa ta birki tsarin. Don a kunna ta, da direba aka bukata kafin a juya na musamman iko ƙurma. Wannan actuates biyu goge. Lokacin da ka juya shugaban kasa canza shugabanci na goga. Wannan inji ya ma yana da musamman liba cewa ba ka damar gudanar da wani aiki goge hannu da kuma kai su zuwa karshen matsayi.

By mota ZIS-150 na farko bugu da biyu wiper. Shi ne ma biyu gwamnoni, wanda za a iya hada dabam.

Domin airing na biyu da rabi daga cikin gilashin yana da damar bude. Har ila yau, kafin gilashi shi ya na musamman ƙyanƙyashe. The rufin, kuma za a iya bude. Don yin wannan, injiniyoyi sun sanya wani musamman alkalami don rufe samun iska ƙyanƙyashe.

gaban mota

Kamar yadda gaban mota amfani da daya na kowa farantin, wanda hadawa mahara Manuniya, daban-daban ma'auni da kuma kula da na'urorin. A cikin cibiyar za ka iya ganin injin gwada sauri da kuma odometer.

Har 1953 barshi da gaban da aka located ma'aunin zafi da sanyio nuna da yawan zafin jiki na coolant. Dama - da man fetur matakin nuna alama. A nuna alama nuna babban katako yana kan sikelin da injin gwada sauri.

dandali

ZIS-150 da aka gina a kan wani katako, dandamali tare da bude yatsun. ta tsawon aka 3540 mm da nisa ya 250 mm. Loading tsawo da aka 1320 mm. Board ya kuma 584 mm tsawo.

A gaban kwamitin da aka gyarawa ta hanyar uku struts, wadda aka gudanar ta hanyar biyu kusassari da aka shigar a kan firam. Side ganuwar da truck aka rataye a kan hinges. Don kawar da yiwuwar sag, Developers sun karfafa gefe sanduna.

Tailgate lazimta a kan uku hinges. Kwa'di sun Espagnolette manufa. Yana ga ya dace ya danganta da kaya a kan giciye sanduna da aka musamman hooks.

A ɓangaren dama na dandali da aka musamman akwatin inda direba ne iya adana nauyi kayan aikin, ko wani hanya kayan aiki.

A shasi kunshi biyu a tsaye da kuma biyar mai gangara katakanta, wanda aka lazimta tare da clamps. Bugu da clamps gudanar kerchiefs. Kamar yadda shasi injiniyoyi amfani karshe tsara - 15-th model.

injuna

Model ZIS-150 da aka sanye take da guda naúrar a matsayin 5-series, sa'an nan da 15th. Lokacin da ya haifa 101,6 mm wannan kafireta engine da wani ƙarfi 5.5 lita. Yana a 1950, bayan da kayan gyara da shigarwa na wani sabon man fetur cakuda daga carburetor fadowa rafi, kazalika gaba ɗaya sabon mashiga ruwa da yawa iya kara matsawa rabo - shi ne iyãwarsa ya karu zuwa 95 lita. wani.

A farko jerin, domin duk ta falalan mota da quite wani gagarumin hasara. Long shaft driveline da rauni gefe ƙarfi, kuma ya kasance m na yawan juyin. Wannan sau da yawa ya kai ga cewa a lokacin da tuki downhill da yawan juyin ya muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da wajibi ne ga jami'an tsaro. Cardan shaft karya. A lokaci guda ya kawo a cikin disrepair birki actuator - da mota ya wuya a dakatar. Kimantawa da halin da ake ciki, masana da wani zabi, a matsayin karfi don rage gudu zuwa 2400 Rev / min.

watsa

Tare da wannan engine yi aiki a biyar-gudun gearbox, kazalika da biyu-faifai kama. A akwatin kuma gidaje da watsa Disc birki. Transfer hali kunshi uku shafts.

ZIS-150: Bayani dalla-dalla

Dairy - 4 x 2. A kalla aza nauyi ga wannan mota ya 4 m Machine nauyi ya 3.900 kg .. Wheelbase - 4000 mm. Ground yarda - 265 mm. A iyakar gudu cewa za a iya cimma a cikin wannan mota a 65 km / h, yayin da gudun da aka iyakance. Fuel amfani ne game da 38 lita / 100 km. Wannan tsari da cikakken tanki iya rufe a nesa na 4000 km. CAT - wani biyar-gudun, da kuma biyar kaya da aka ha ~ aka.

Tuƙi ya mai globoid tsutsa da trehgrebnevym nadi. A birki tsarin kunshi drum birki. birki pneumatic drive ya. A dakatar da tsarin - spring irin raya. A baya, biyu ƙarin marẽmari aka shigar.

short rai

Wannan Soviet karfe inji ZIS-150 ya taƙaice a kan Olympus vertices. Yana da aka dauka daga samarwa a shekara ta 1957. Amma mai yawa daban-daban versions aka gina a kan tushen da wannan model. Domin duk lokacin da muka samar game da 827 da dubu. Wadannan manyan motoci. Wadannan motoci da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a mayar da kasa tattalin arziki. Yana da aka maye gurbinsu da ZIL-164, wanda ya kusan guda a tsarin da zane.

Duk da cewa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet samar da birgima, a kasar Sin da sauran kasashe samar ZIS-150, da jawo wadannan kasashe samu žaržashin lasisi. Production da aka kafa a Romania, da kuma a kasar Sin shi ne daya daga cikin rare manyan motoci. Saboda haka, da muka samu musamman cikin Soviet ZIS 150.