Baikal-Lensky Nature Reserve: ban sha'awa facts, photos. A Flora da fauna da Baikal-Lena Reserve

A wannan labarin, za mu so mu yi magana game da Baikal-Lena Reserve. Akuma ga Baikal, 'yan mutane zaton cewa shi ne a nan cewa wata mu'ujiza a adana ruwan tekun Atlantika musamman Fauna da Flora, kazalika da shirya yanayi na mai dadi zaman na yawon bude ido.

Sa ajiye matsayi

Baikal-Lensky Nature Reserve da aka kafa a shekarar 1986. An located a kan ƙasa na Olkhon da Kachugsky District a Irkutsk yankin. Babban burin kungiyar shi ne a kiyaye halitta gidaje, waxanda suke da halayyar da yankin arewa maso yammacin na Baikal yankin. The ajiye lullube tare yammacin ɓangare na lake zuwa 120 kilomita. Its total yanki ne fiye da 659.000 kadada.

A ƙasa na Baikal-Lena Reserve aka located a arewacin duwãtsu na kudancin Siberia. Ya dauki kudancin Baikal Mountains, wanda nasa ne da Sayano-Baikal dutsen yankin.

Buffer zone dama a kan yankunan da high seismicity. A wannan shekarar, akwai har zuwa ɗari biyu da raurawar asa.

Climate kare zone

A sauyin yanayi na Baikal-Lena Reserve kullum nahiyar. A wannan shekarar, akwai da dama zuwa 400 millimeters hazo. A duwãtsu a cikin hunturu tara babbar snowpack, wanda aka rarraba ba gaba ɗaya a kan daban-daban shafukan. Dole ne in ce cewa wadannan snow talakawa su ne tushen ruwa ga shuke-shuke da dabbobi. A cikin crevices na snow iya tara da shekaru da yawa, kuma ba ya narke ko a cikin warmest bazara kwanaki.

albarkatun ruwa

A ƙasa na Baikal-Lena Reserve ne mai arziki a cikin ruwa. A nan ne asalin da Lena River, da nisan kilomita 250 daga wanda gudana ta hanyar da kare asashe. Yana gudanar da yawa sauri dutsen kõguna da waɗansu kõguna. The most ne: allyl, Anay, Negnaday, Yuhta, Pankucha. Madogararsa na Lena - a kananan lake, located a kan gangara na zangon talatin kilomita daga Lake Baikal.

A cikin ajiye su da yawa tabkuna. Dukansu suna da kananan da kuma yawanci located a cikin floodplains na kogin kwari. Total yanki ruwa gawarwakin kimanin 2.5 dubban kadada.

Baikal-Lena Reserve: shuka

Yanayin, ma'aunan kasa, Gwargwadon fasali na ajiye kai ga peculiarity na Flora wannan yankin. Flora a halin yanzu yana da ɗari uku da jinsunan lichens, ɗari da talatin da jinsunan fungi, mosses ɗari da saba'in da biyar, ɗari tara da ashirin da jinsunan shuke-shuke.

The kare yankin da aka located a cikin taiga (gandun daji) yanki. Kamar yadda ta asashe iyakar da rababben Eurasian sub-yanki da dama subregions: Gabas Siberian Coniferous itace-da-Evrosibirskuyu duhu coniferous gandun daji. Ga wani alama na Baikal-Lena Reserve. Fauna, a sakamakon, gabatar da wani mabanbanta shuke-shuke na biyu sub-yankuna.

Reserve shuke-shuke suna wakilta bakwai daban-daban iri: gandun daji, steppe, shrub, grasslands da tundra. Hakika, da gandun daji ta mamaye. Forest ne wani ɓangare na tamanin da shida.

A cikin ajiye, akwai arba'in da bakwai jinsunan relict shuke-shuke. Mai tsayi steppe da depressions zama wani manufa wuri domin Shuka kiyayewa, kamar yadda suka ware. Na relict shuke-shuke girma a nan: Marshal zobo, albasa Altai, Astragalus, Hedysarum bristly.

A ƙasashen da Baikal-Lena Reserve ne talatin da shuka iri da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha. Wannan Turchaninov gashi ciyawa, polushnik kolyuchesporovy, epipogium bezlisty, yartyshnik shlemonosny da sauransu.

Baikal-Lena Reserve (photo ba a cikin labarin) is located a cikin taiga zone, amma saboda akwai tsiro fir da Siberian spruce, da itacen al'ul, larch, Birch, rhododendron, hemlock kurogolovchataya, da itacen al'ul, da sauran salatin tasa. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, a ajiye akwai shuke-shuke daga daban-daban sub-yankuna, duk su saba da girma yanayi, za ta sha wasu canje-canje.

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa Baikal tasa na da musamman microclimate, wanda aka kafa ta a hade da kusanci zuwa ga Baikal Mountains da Baikal kanta. Kuma da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona ne ma bar ta mark a kan tsirin Baikal-Lena Reserve. A kan dutse gangara na shuke-shuke da aka shirya bisa ga altitudinal zones.

A gandun daji nan ake wakilta coniferous itatuwa: larch, Pine, da itacen al'ul, spruce, Siberian fir. Saba'in cikin dari na gandun daji kunshi coniferous jinsunan, kuma kawai talatin - shi hardwoods. A cikin kwaruruka na gudãna girma kananan ɗan kurmi na poplars.

A ajiye su tartsatsi deciduous gandun daji, kuma sũ, a cikin kogin kwari da kuma a kan gangara.

Baikal-Lensky ajiye: shuke-shuke da dabbobi

A halin yanzu, da ajiye kafa mazaunin 54 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da wanda goma jinsunan - insectivores, biyar - jemagu, goma sha biyu - predatory, biyar - tẽku-hoofed dabbobi, hakori, mutum goma sha tara, daya pinnipeds.

Da yara sun fi na kowa Sable, ermine, Otter, weasel. Gana da wolverine. Amma badgers quite rare. Lynx da aka samu kawai a kudu maso yammacin na ajiye.

Wolves a cikin wadannan sassa suna da yawa, su lambar da aka kai tsaye alaka gaban ungulates. Foxes ne na kowa ne kawai a kan dutsen-gandun daji-steppe yankunan kudancin Baikal tudu, ko da yake lokaci-lokaci su iya fadin zo a wasu wurare.

A kasa-kasa bear ne wani nau'i ne na alama ce da ajiye. Shi ne mafi girma predator cewa ya yi kawaici a nan kusan dukan ƙasa. Ungulate alƙarya da dogara a kan ciyayi, ƙasa, snow a cikin hunturu, da kuma wasu dalilai. Ungulates Baikal-Lena Reserve an wakilta jinsunan: Musk barewa, ja deer (ja deer), reindeer, Elk, barewa. Red barewa da kuma Musk deer an rarraba a ko'ina cikin ƙasa. Muz zaune a kan gangara na yammacin ɓangare na Baikal Mountains.

Lagomorphs ake wakilta a ajiye dama jinsunan: arewacin pikas da dutsen hare. Yawan wadannan dabbobi ne ba m, shi dabam daga shekara zuwa shekara.

Daga hakori Baikal-Lensky Nature Reserve aka sanaki squirrels, chipmunks, yawo squirrels. Daga cikin rare m dabbobi marmot zaune a nan. Ya aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha, Buryatia da Irkutsk yankin. Domin da yawa rare dabbobi ya zama gida na Baikal-Lena Reserve. Animals daga Red Littãfi ne a karkashin kariya da tsaro.

The ajiye ne ma gida dogon-tailed ƙasa kurege, muskrat, Hijira a nan kawai a cikin shekara ta arba'in ta karshe karni. Kuma daga kananan hakori sun fi na kowa launin toka-gefe vole. Yana yana da babban muhimmanci ga Sable abinci da kuma sauran wakilan da yara. A hankula mazauni na taiga ne Asian steppe linzamin kwamfuta. A nan ana kiyaye ko da daurskie hamsters, kuma ko da Lemming da aka samu a cikin taiga mosses. The hatimi ne sau da yawa quite na kowa a cikin Baikal tudu.

tsuntsaye Nature ajiye

Very ban sha'awa ne Baikal-Lensky yanayi ajiye, Flora da fauna da suke quite bambancin. Akwai aka sosai m ne yawan shuke-shuke da dabbobi, wanda aka located a cikin wannan ƙasa.

Amma ga tsuntsãye, su ne a nan, akwai mutum ɗari biyu da sittin da jinsunan. Wa kawai ne ba a nan. Wannan gagaroobraznye da Falconiformes, cuculiformes, zhuravleobraznvye, apodiformes da yawa wasu. Daga wannan sa na nau'in a cikin Red Data Littafi na Rasha rubuta goma sha takwas jinsunan: zinariya mikiya, black shamuwa, Pallas ta Fish Eagle, gyrfalcon, fari-tailed mikiya, belladonna, fari gull, bustards da sauransu.

The most yawan tsuntsaye zauna da boreal gandun daji. Sauran da na halitta tsarin suna da kasa populated.

Halittar dabba mai kafafuwa da kuma kifi kiyayewa yankin

Dabbobi masu rarrafe da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa a yankin buga Siberian da daji kwãɗi, da Siberian salamander. Akwai ma da dama jinsunan kadangaru. Daya daga cikinsu - viviparous, da kuma na biyu - nimble. Akwai biyu jinsunan macizai.

Amma ga kifi, da ajiye su gida zuwa goma sha jinsunan: gadiformes, carps, Salmoniformes. Wannan bai hada da iri-iri na karkashin ruwa mazaunan Baikal Lake, kamar yadda shi ne, ba a kan kare yankin.

Arba'in da tara jinsunan algae rubuce a cikin kandami. Mafi na kowa kore algae. Sararin tabkuna da kuma nau'in abun da ke ciki na zooplankton.

ajiye jan hankali

Baikal-Lena Reserve (photo nuna da kyau na wadannan wurare) - shi ne ba kawai da Flora da fauna nan yana ta jan hankali. Wadannan sun hada da Cape Ryty, Madogararsa na Lena, marigayi Cape dutsen Onholoy, yanayin gidan kayan gargajiya na Baikal-Lena Reserve.

Cape Ryty - na musamman da taro na addini, tarihi da na halitta shafukan. Wannan watakila mafi m wuri na Lake Baikal. A cewar Legends shi ne gina a kan wani promontory ghostly fada sama da ɗa. A gida yawan jin tsoro ya tsaya ga gaci, har ma fiye da su zo a gefen kwarin. Sosai da suka ba ya so ya husatar da ruhohi. Kuma game da Rita kogin da yawa Legends.

Madogararsa na Lena - yana da kyau, m, amma m ga jama'a wuri. An located kawai goma kilomita daga Lake Baikal. A tushen gina da katako coci.

Amma ga dutsen Onholoy, da yan unguwa la'akari da shi Hurumi. Daga a tarihi mai nisa akwai addu'o'i. Kusan a sosai saman dutsen akwai wani gwada lebur yanki na wani tari na duwatsu suya a saman juna a old days. Yana da aka samu da duwatsu a cikin 1999. Babu shakka cewa wannan shi ne aikin da mutum. Zai yiwu akwai addu'o'i.

Baikal-Lensky Jihar Reserve na da gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda aka located a cikin administrative gini a birnin Irkutsk. Akwai farfado da Flora da fauna kare ƙasar.

A kyau da kuma musamman wuri - da Baikal-Lena Reserve. Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar dabbobi za a iya samu a nan, da kuma wani lokacin har gani. Akwai a kan tudu na kare yankin na ruwan kasa bears. Saboda haka suna bakin teku tsiri tsakanin biyu headlands. A Cape samu da sunan saboda gaskiyar cewa, a watan Mayu, bears tashi da kuma yawo a kan rairayin bakin teku don ci kwari. A wannan lokacin a bãyansu haka ban sha'awa to watch, za ka iya ko ɗauki hoto na Runduna na taiga.

A fannin Cape matattu mutane a kan ajiye akwai biyu sosai tsoho mai aman wuta, wanda aka mai suna Sunny da Cedar. Duk da haka shi ya barke su ne sosai, sosai dogon lokaci, a cikin waɗannan kwanaki, idan akwai mutane ba.

Amma Cape The matattu da aka yi ĩmãni ne alfarma ga Buryats. Kuma suka ce cewa a cikin wannan suka kawo jiki m bakin Tekun Baikal kuma Ya bar su matattu, kamar yadda suka faɗa, da namomin jeji, da tsuntsaye.

A ajiye a can daya ne kawai a wuri guda inda jiragen ruwa zo da inda akwai wani gidan baki domin yawon bude ido. A dogon lokacin da suka wuce a can aka mined quartzites, daidai wannan dalilin cewa bay Zavorotnaya aka cire daga ƙasar kiyayewa yankin. Duk da haka, shi bai sanya kanta kasa m. The ruwa a bay sarari, amma jinsunan ne don haka m cewa ba shi yiwuwa a duba bãya. Oh, da kuma daya more da ga Zavorotnaya halatta kama kifi.

Kariya na ajiye ta ƙasa

A yanayin da aiki na ajiye na daya daga cikin manyan manufofin shi ne kare da karkararta. Kuma wannan topic ne yanzu sosai gaggawa. Active ci gaban da m ƙasar, wannan ya shafi yafi gandun daji ya jagoranci wani babban taro na mutane a kan iyakoki na kare zone. Kuma a cikin bazara da kuma bazara kara yawan masu yawon shakatawa da suka zo da kuma shirya a nan "savages." Duk da wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a yawan laifukan. Wasu daga cikin su ba su m, amma wasu suna sanya tare da qeta niyyar. Local kauyen lokaci-lokaci tsunduma a farautar, ko da yake duk sun dade da aka sani cewa farauta a cikin wadannan yankunan da aka haramta. Don hana irin wannan yanayi dole ne kullum a yanzu akai-akai na jihar sufetocin.

Duk da haka, mafi girma da wata cũta sa wa m mutane da suke so su farautar Baikal. Don yin wannan, sun yi amfani gliders, m farauta ungulates. A kan irin wannan iska kai su iya samun to mafi m da wuya wurare.

Amfani da ƙasa fasali, warware ana shuka a kan headlands, da kuma cinikayya a farauta. Hakika, da abu da kuma fasaha tushe na ajiye a baya da zamani matakin, wanda ya hana more yadda ya kamata domin magance farautar. Duk da haka, rahotanni suna harhada shekara da kuma hana warware, ana rayayye sarrafawa.

Bugu da kari, a adana mai matukar hatsari wuta. A halin yanzu, da lokuta da canja wurin da wuta daga m asashe. Wannan halin da ake ciki shi ne saboda babban kudin jirgin sama da sabis na wuta ganewa da kuma danniya. Saboda shi aka watsi. Amma a gaggawa don samun azumi ba shi yiwuwa a safarar ko hawa, da kuma wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa wuta ta zama unmanageable da kuma yada su da wani ko da ya fi girma ƙasa.

Saboda haka, a kowace shekara da tambaya a kan halittar musamman kare yankin da ajiye. Kuma wannan batun yana zama ƙara muhimmanci. Duk da haka, a lokacin da batun ne har yanzu ba a warware.

Research aiki a ajiye

Research rabota- daya daga cikin fifiko ayyuka na ajiye. Sa'an nan gudanar da bincike da kuma saka idanu a daban-daban kimiyya filayen. Duk da nufin nazarin halitta abubuwa da kuma gidaje. Bunƙasa asali matakan a kan kiyayewa da kuma maido da alƙarya da farauta.

ilimi aiki

Daga farko lokacin da ta zama, da ma'aikata na ajiye ne rayayye aiki don inganta muhalli da al'adun tsakanin yawan jama'a. Bugu da kari, da Reserve halartar taro na bincike domin inganta ilmi.

Museum na Baikal-Lena Reserve, don ilmantar da matasa baƙi da kuma manya.

A cikin ƙasa na kare yankin raya da kuma uku na musamman muhalli hanyoyi da cewa ba da damar zuwa yanayin kariya ga familiarize yawon bude ido tare da kyakkyawa da ajiye da kuma ba su sa lalacewar a wannan Flora da fauna.

A shekara Reserve buga ayyukan game da yanayi, cire nishadi Documentaries, wasu daga wanda daga baya watsa shirye-shirye a talabijin.

Kada kewaye da hankali da kuma makarantar sakandare dalibai suke da babban bege ga mafi muhalli nan gaba.

maimakon wani epilogue

A cikin labarin, za mu yi magana game da yadda ban sha'awa da kuma kyakkyawan Baikal-Lena Reserve. Brief Mataki na ashirin da ba zai yiwu ba ga kai duk da cewa shi ne a kan wannan kare yankin. Hakika, Reserve ya cancanci fiye da hankali kuma ma'abutanta ziyara. Ya kamata a lura, duk da haka, da cewa shi ne rufaffiyar yankin. Domin hikers da kuma Sansani da musamman yankunan domin shakatawa da akwai na musamman hanyoyi da za a iya wuce matsayin wani ɓangare na shiryar da Tours. Duk wannan da aka shirya don tabbatar da kare da ƙasa a domin su hana cutar da gida Flora da fauna. Musamman kyau a ajiye a cikin bazara da kuma bazara, wannan shi ne lokaci mafi kyau ga shakatawa da kuma yin yawo. Duk da haka, ka sani cewa da farauta da kuma kama kifi a kare yankunan da aka haramta.