Ayyukan Gonadotropic da ayyukansu

Hormones sune abubuwa masu yawa wadanda zasu iya shafar aikin da ke jikin mutum. Ayyukan Gonadotropic suna shafar aiki na tsarin haihuwa. An hada su a glandin kwakwalwa na baya kuma daga can an ɓoye cikin jini.

Hormones daga cikin baya lobe na gungumen pituitary gland

Glanden gwal yana raba kashi biyu: na baya da na baya. A gaba, ana hada hawan haɗari da kuma sake fitar da su cikin jini. A cikin lobe na farfajiyar gwargwadon da suka fito daga hypothalamus kuma an ɓoye su cikin jini kawai a wasu yanayi.

Hanyoyin hormones na Gonadotropic na glandon kwaminis yana karfafa motsiyar jima'i. Wadannan sun haɗa da:

• FSH wani nau'in hormone ne mai ban sha'awa. Yana inganta yanayin oogenesis da spermatogenesis. Yana da gina jiki mai rikitarwa (glycoprotein), wanda ya ƙunshi amino acid, wanda ya haɗa da carbohydrates.
• LH wani hormone ne mai jituwa. Ya inganta sakin yarinyar daga ovary, yana rinjayar mugunta na hormonal jima'i (estrogen, progesterone), a cikin maza yana haifar da yaduwar kwayoyin. Yawan adadin hormone ya canza a yayin da ake tafiyar da jima'i guda daya, daidai da kuma sauye-sauye na ɓangare na FSH da LH na faruwa.

Ana haifar da hormones a cikin gonadotroph (sel basophilic) na adenohypophysis. Suna lissafin kimanin kashi 15% na dukkan kwayoyin jikinsu a cikin lobe na baya.

Hormone ciki - hCG

Idan hadi da kafawa na ovum a cikin igiyar ciki bango a mace ta jiki fara nuna takamaiman pituitary gonadotropic hormones gabatar chorionic gonadotropin.

Ayyukan hormone shine don kula da aikin rawaya jiki (watsar da estrogen da progesterone) har sai ƙwayar ta fara. Yana da tasiri mai zurfi a kan jiki, wanda ya fi yawa ya wuce FSH da LH.

Hannun tsarin halayen hormones

Ayyukan kwayoyin hormones suna samar da tsari na musamman, wanda ya haɗa da bangarorin biyu. Na farko, a-subunit, yana da tsarin kamar kusan dukkanin hormones na gonadotropic, yayin da b-subunit yana samar da sakamako na musamman na hormone.

Bambance-bambance, wadannan ƙananan ba su da wani tasiri akan jiki, amma idan sun haɗu, aiyukan halittun su da tasiri a kan mahimman hanyoyin tafiyar kwayoyin, musamman ma tsarin haifuwa, an tabbatar. Saboda haka, hormones gonadotropic suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci ba kawai a kan jima'i ba, har ma a kan tsarin tafiyar endocrin, kuma a kan tsari na ma'auni na hormonal.

Yaya hormones zai shafi jikin

Tun zamanin d ¯ a, masana kimiyya sun nemi nazarin aikin ilmin kwayoyin hormones da illa akan jikin mutum. Ayyukan Gonadotropic suna da tasirin gaske a kan tsarin tafiyar da jikin mutum. Sabili da haka, nazarin tsarin aikin su abu ne mai mahimmanci da ban sha'awa. Lokacin gudanar da bincike tare da halayen haɗari, ana iya tabbatar da cewa kwayoyin suna iya gane wani hormone, kuma suna ɗaure kawai ga wasu kwayoyin.

An aiwatar da tsari ga kwayar halitta ta wurin kasancewa a cikin membrane ko a cikin tantanin halitta na kwayoyin sunadarai - mai karɓa. Hanyoyin intracellular tana nufin ciwon kwayoyin steroid, tun da suna da dukiya na shiga cikin tantanin halitta kuma suna tasirin aikin. Samun karɓan karɓa na samfurin halayyar halayen gina jiki ne wanda ke ɗaure ga membrane membrane na tantanin halitta.

Hanyoyin hormone zuwa furotin na karba suna taimakawa wajen samar da hadaddun. Wannan mataki ya wuce ba tare da shiga cikin enzymes ba kuma yana da karfin hali. Hakanan kwayoyin halitta sun shiga cikin tantanin halitta, a ɗaure ga mai karɓa. Bayan canji, ƙaddamarwar ta shiga cikin tsakiya na tantanin halitta kuma yana inganta samuwar wani RNA na musamman, a cikin cytoplasm wanda ake kira sunadaran enzymatic wanda zai haifar da aikin hormones akan tantanin halitta.

Ayyukan Gonadotropic: ayyuka da tasiri a kan tsarin tsarin haihuwa

FSH ya fi aiki a cikin mata. Yana cigaba da ci gaban ƙwayoyin sel, wanda ƙarƙashin rinjayar GCOS an juya zuwa cikin kwayoyin cutar da girma kafin a fara nazarin kwayoyin halitta.

A karkashin rinjayar FSN, akwai karuwa a cikin nauyin ovaries da gwaji. Duk da haka, koda tare da gabatarwa na wucin gadi na hormone na roba, ba zai yiwu ba a haifar da ci gaban sashin jiki na tsakiya, wanda ke shafar kyawawan nau'in androgens na testicular nature.

GSIK alhakin ovulation da kuma samuwar ovarian tarin rubuce-rubuce luteum. Har ila yau, a tare da follicle stimulating hormone shi rinjayar da mugunya estrogen. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar wani hormone wanda ke haifar da tantanin kwayoyin halitta, akwai karuwa a cikin gabobin da ke da alhakin halayen jima'i na biyu.

Ayyukan halittu na LTG

LTG yana kama da ciwon girma. Bayan da aka gudanar da bincike na bincike, an gano cewa suna cikin wannan kwayoyin, sabili da haka, ba za a iya raba bambanci daya daga cikin wadannan hawan. Ayyukan LTG sun hada da madarar madara da progesterone. Yana da muhimmanci mu lura a nan cewa wadannan matakai suna haifar da haɗuwa da babban adadin hormones, tun lokacin da jikin ke aiki kawai LTG, waɗannan ayyuka ba su bayyana ba.

Saboda haka, don rarraba madara, ana buƙatar hormones masu zuwa:

• FSH da GSIC - haifar da mugunta na estrogens a cikin ovaries;
• A ƙarƙashin rinjayar STH da estrogens, ci gaban ƙwayoyin madararriya na faruwa;
• LTG yana haifar da lalacewar kwayar cutar cikin jiki mai launin rawaya;
• Progesterone yana ƙarfafa cikakken ci gaban glandar mammary akan matakin alveolar-lobe.

Hanyoyin hawan gonadotropic na buƙatar hulɗar yau da kullum domin tabbatar da cikakken aikin da kwayoyin halitta da dukkanin tsarinsa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa tasirin kowanne daga cikinsu (a game da gabatar da hormones na roba) baya haifar da tsammanin abin da ake sa ran kwayoyin.

Hyormhalamic Hormone

Harshen hypothalamus ya ɓoye sinadarin gonadotropin da aka saki a cikin jini. Yana da tsarin polypeptide kuma yana rinjayar mugunta na hormones. Don babban har shi rinjayar da luteinizing hormone, da kuma follicle sa'an nan. An samar da GnRH a cikin lokaci mai kyau, a cikin mata suna da tsayi daga 15 zuwa 45 da minti (dangane da sake zagaye), kuma a cikin maza an rufe hormone a cikin minti 90.

Tare da gabatarwa na wucin gadi na hormone ta hanyar kwayar cuta, an yi amfani da ayyukan ɓoye na hormone, wanda ya ƙunshi sauƙi a cikin gajeren lokaci, sa'an nan kuma a cikin cikakkiyar ƙare na samar da hormones gonadotropic a cikin glandon tsohuwar jini.

Hanyar daukan hoto ga gonadoliberin a jiki

GnRH tana bada ƙarfin wariyar glandar da ke cikin tsofaffin kwayoyin halitta (gonadotropins) yana da wani mai karbi na gonadoliberin musamman don ɓarkewar hormones da kuma jigilar kwayoyin jigilar kwayoyin halitta, wanda hakan zai haifar da aiki na gonad.

FG yana ƙarfafa matuƙar spermatozoa da qwai, LH yana rinjayar mugunta na hormonal jima'i (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone). Ƙarƙashin rinjayar jima'i hormones Kwayoyin na haihuwa tsarin nunarsa kuma suna shirye don hadi.

Tare da matakan gaggawa na kwayoyin halitta da spermatogenesis, inhibin, wanda ke rinjayar hormones na gonadotropic na lobe na baya na glandon kwakwalwa, an sake shi, wanda yana taimakawa wajen jinkirin matuƙar jima'i ta hanyar yin aiki a kan hormone mai haɗari.

Abin da ake amfani dashi don maganin gonadotropic

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin aikin likita, ana fuskantar maganin ta hanyar gabatar da hormones artificial. Tare da wasu cututtuka na endocrin ko ciwo na tsarin haihuwa na mutum, ana amfani da shirye-shirye na hormone gonadotropin. Gabatarwar su zuwa wasu har ya shafi rinjayar jima'i na jima'i da kuma matakan da ke faruwa a jiki.

A cikin yanayin kira na gonadotrophins iya ci gaba wasu endocrine cuta (abortions a farko trimester, jima'i rashin ci gaba, jima'i infantilism, panhypopituitarism da Sheehan ta ciwo).

Don magance waɗannan pathologies, an gwada gwajin jini kuma an yi nazari game da abun ciki na hormonal. Sa'an nan kuma an umarci kwayoyi da wajibi ne don mayar da daidaitattun ka'idodin hormones kuma, yadda ya kamata, tsari na mahimman tafiyar matakai a jiki.