Definition, Properties da iri Algorithms

A duniyar bayanai fasahar ra'ayi na wani algorithm ne tsakiyar. Da kalmar da aka samu daga sunan al-Khwarizmi, Uzbek na da lissafi wanda a cikin 9th karni, ya iya bayyana a fili da dokokin sauki ilmin lissafi - wato, shi ne na farko shikenan lissafin.

Shikenan lissafin - Definition

A zamani kwamfuta kimiyya da lissafi, da lokaci yana da definition:

- jerin ayyuka, wanda ake tsananin tsare dokoki na aiwatar.

- sayen magani da Tantance jerin da kuma abun ciki na ayyukan, wanda ake yin, asali data zo da ake so sakamakon.

- wani cikakken bayanin da wani mai aiki da na'urar kwamfuta tsari, ko kuma wani mataki jerin.

- mafi cikakken kuma m mai tabbatar da dalilin yin wani jeren mai iyaka yawan matakai, waxanda suke da zama dole ga wani m bayani da wani matsala da irin wannan nau'in.

A algorithm za a iya amfani da wani mutum ko da wani atomatik na'urar - abin da ake kira m mai yi. The aiki na wani artist - mafi m ganin na data kasance algorithm. M mai yi ba zamar masa dole ya shiga cikin jigon da tsari, sau da yawa saboda ba su iya gane shi. Kamar yadda wani misali da wani m mai yi zai iya sa wani Injin da aikin wani qaddara wanka shirin, ko da a cikin rashi na abu don wanka ko wanki a cikin tanki.

Artist algorithm iya kashe dokokin kawai daga mai tsananin kayyade jerin, wanda shi ne mai ba da umurni tsarin. Ga kowace kungiya mai yi ya ba da doka yanayi na applicability, da bayyana sakamakon na kisa. A kowane kira zuwa ga Executive tawagar kõma, zuwa ga dacewa asali yi.

M mai yi algorithm a kwamfuta ne kwamfuta.

Shikenan lissafin kuma da kaddarorin

1) mai hankali (ko raba, discontinuity tsari) yana nufin cewa algorithm ne tsari na warware matsaloli a cikin bi da bi kisan a baya aka ayyana sauki matakai. Kowane m mataki zai iya faru ne kawai bayan karshen baya daya.

2) definition ɗauka cewa dukan dokokin da algorithm dole ne bayyanannu, kuma unambiguous. Sai algorithm zai saya da zama dole inji a cikin yanayi ba tare da wani ƙarin umarnin ko bayanai.

3) A yi (ko reshe) da algorithm nuna cewa shi ne zai haifar da wani so sakamakon na musamman guntun yawan matakai.

4) Mass - ne a duniya aikace-aikace na algorithm ga rukunin wasu irin matsaloli, iri dabam-dabam ne kawai a cikin na asali data sa. Baseline a cikin wannan harka iya zaba daga cikin abin da ake kira yankin na applicability na algorithm.

Dangane da dalili, da asali yanayi, warware matsalar da hanyoyi, ƙayyade aikin artist, wadannan iri Algorithms za a iya gano:

1) yiwuwa (ko stochastic) ba hanyoyi da dama na warware matsalar da shirin, wanda kai ga alama na cimma wani sakamakon.

2) Heuristic Algorithms iri nufa cewa cimma karshen sakamakon da aka ba uniquely m bayan aikin shirin. Hakazalika, akwai wani bayyanannen jerin ayyuka na Executive. Domin irin wannan lissafi mai tsauri hada da, misali, dokoki da umarnin. A cikin rubuce-rubuce ta amfani da na kowa hanyoyin na yanke shawara da kuma ma'ana hanyoyin, sahu a kan tushen da misalin cewa taso dangane da baya kwarewa.

3) mikakke iri Algorithms unsa gini kafa na dokokin ko umarnin kashe a jerin bayan juna.

4) sashe Algorithms hada da akalla daya yanayin, bayan dubawa cewa kwamfuta na iya tafi daya daga dama yiwu matakai.

5) A iri Algorithms hada cyclic maimaitawa matakai ko aiki a kan sabon shigar data. Alal misali, wadannan Algorithms hada da mafi embodiments ƙidãyar da kasawa da hanyoyin. Saboda haka akwai abin da ake kira sake zagayowar na shirin - wato, a jerin, wani jerin umarnin (madauki), wanda aka yi ta maimaitawa har sai da wasu yanayin da aka hadu.