Askosferoz ƙudan zuma: Yin rigakafi da Jiyya

Askosferoz ƙudan zuma - mai tsanani matsalar ga beekeeper. A mutane, cutar da ake kira lemun tsami brood, kamar yadda adult kwari kawo pathogens, amma ba su samu rashin lafiya da kuma cutar, da kuma kawai larvae aka kashe.

Tsari mai sarrafa kansa naman gwari

Dalilin askosferoza - da samun a cikin hive mold Ascospaera APIs. Ya muhawara da babba tsirar. Sun yi zurfi dogon a cikin yanayi da kuma samun shiga cikin hive, na iya zama shekaru a cikin m jihar. Mould fungi kasance a cikin category na marsupials. Yana yana namiji da mace mycelia ga lamba wadda fruiting jikin suna kafa. Special spore cysts dauke da jaka da wata babbar adadin kayan.

A Sanadin cutar

ƙudan zuma Askosferoz tasowa a cikin m sanyi yanayi. Adult kwari suna shiga hive naman gwari spores, tattara Nectar ko zaune saukar a kan kowa feeders da waterers. Worth kamuwa buga a kalla daya cell da tsutsa, shi zai mutu. Ga ƙudan zuma fara share matattu Kwayoyin daga brood, da kuma fasa shawara a kusa da hive.

Wani lokaci cikin hanyar kamuwa da cuta ne sata. Idan amya an dake kusa, ƙudan zuma iya tashi cikin waje ƙasa da kuma kamuwa da fungal cututtuka.

Wani provocateur askosferoza ne varroa mites. A lõkacin da suka bayyana mazauna da yawa ya raunana.

Wani lokaci rashin kula da apiary tsokane cututtuka daban-daban na ƙudan zuma. Askosferoz, misali, na iya ci gaba da mummunan rufi hive hunturu. Har ila yau, ya sa annobar cutar da fungal cututtuka za a iya gurbata kayan aiki. Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa abinci ingancin iko da kuma m jiyya da tsarin da kuma na ciki saman na amya, wanda ƙaura mazauna.

bayyanar cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta

larvae kamuwa da cuta auku a 3-4 kwanakinsu. Askosferoz ƙudan zuma iya faruwa a wani latent kuma m form. A farko misali rigingimu ne m, ko da yake, da kuma kusan dukkan saman na hive, ciki har da larval jiki. Cutar da ake ba su yada da kuma lalacewar bai yi aiki ba.

Idan cutar ne ya sa ta waje dalilai zama m tsari, da yawan aiki na hive an rage da rabi. A wannan yanayin, fiye da wata uku kashe brood.

Fungal kamuwa da cuta ne m gani da gaban larvae a cikin hive, da kuma shafa Kwayoyin. A general suke located a gefuna da tsarin, zuwa kasa. Bees bayyanãwa Kwayoyin da matattu larvae wadda take cin cover, kuma a hankali goge tabo.

Duk da haka, duk da waje dalilai, da karshe ganewar asali da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje dabbobi.

Ta yaya ne cutar

ƙudan zuma Askosferoz ne kamar haka: a cikin shekaru 3-4 kwanaki larvae a lamba tare da ƙudan zuma vectors, kamu da spores Ascospaera APIs. Da farko shafi namiji da kudan zuma brood. A spores germinate ta samar da mycelia wanda ke lalata midgut. A hankali, duk da gabobin shafa mycelium, kuma shi ke tsiro da waje, forming kewaye da kai ƙarshen larvae na fari ji shafi.

A farko, da tsutsa zama whiter fiye da lafiya mutane. Sa'an nan da kudan zuma brood askosferoz sa hasken rawaya. larvae jiki zama pasty. A mataki na gaba mycelium cika dukan sarari tsakanin tsutsa da cell ganuwar. Next larvae taurara kamar mummy, kuma ƙwarai rage a cikin size. Matattu larvae kama farar ƙasa pebbles. Suna fada a kasa daga cikin hive ko buga a hatimce Kwayoyin. Wadannan sauti ne kiyaye ta girgiza cell, idan ci gaba a hive na ƙudan zuma askosferoz da aspergillosis. Wannan biyu-fungal cututtuka ga wanda akwai "petrification" larvae.

Yadda za a ajiye kudan zuma mallaka. mataki

Kashewa askosferoza hada da wani kewayon ayyuka da nufin zalunta da kuma halting yaduwar fungal spores zuwa wasu iyalai. Idan cutar ta ~ ullo da karfi, ya zauna cikin mahaifa, kuma brood hallaka, da kuma firam ne a kan peretopki. The iyali podsazhivayut lafiya mahaifa ko sayar da giya. A wannan yanayin, a bakarãriya lokaci - inganta gwargwado ga iyali.

Amma idan rauni dan kadan, ga ƙudan zuma distilled a wani hive. Yana mai cike da sakar zuma daga lafiya amya, da kuma sa wani sabon Dry.

Idan wani frame tare da brood sha wahala dan kadan, suka kuma canjawa wuri zuwa wani sabon hive, amma ware da musamman grille daga cikin mahaifa. Lokacin da brood zo daga tsarin, shi ne riƙi fita da disinfect.

disinfection

Idan beekeeper gano askosferoz ƙudan zuma, da magani ba tare da disinfection na dukan tattalin arzikin. Processing zama dole ba ne kawai amya da Frames, amma duka kaya na duk yadi kayayyakin, wanda aka yi amfani a cikin apiary.

Amya calcined blowtorch ko sharkaf a cikin bayani sayar da giya to 6 hours. Extractor wanke da sabulu, ko don daidai wannan lokacin an tsomasu a tsanake cikin sayar da giya. All Textiles tafasa.

Idan a wani frame fiye da 50 marasa lafiya da Kwayoyin, suka peretaplivayut. Don amfani da mai kara da kakin zuma, shi aka autoclaved 2 hour.

Tun da magani askosferoz ƙudan zuma da wani m iyali iya kayar, bayan disinfection rayayye amfani da kayan lambu, ko magunguna don magance matsalar. Amma wanda ya kamata ko da yaushe tuna cewa uncontrolled amfani da maganin rigakafi mafi kusantar su cutar da fiye da taimako. Saboda haka, wani magunguna amfani ga manufar da aka nufa da kuma karkashin m dabbobi dubawa.

magani da hanyoyin

Jiyya zažužžukan iya zama da dama. Shi ne likitan dabbobi kayyade mu bi fiye da askosferoz ƙudan zuma a cikin kowane hali. A Pharmaceutical masana'antu na samar da ga iko da fungal cututtuka da wadannan kwayoyi: "Nystatin" "Apiask", "Askotsin" da sauransu.

Akwai hanyoyin da dama domin lura da brood:

1. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka kara wa kwano da syrup da damar ga ƙudan zuma.
2. A shirye-shiryen da aka zuga tare da powdered sukari da kuma dusted tare da cakuda a frame tare da brood.
3. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka kara wa cake (alewa), wanda aka dage farawa daga cikin amya a kan firam.

A magani ne da za'ayi a daidai da wa'azi da shi. Alal misali, a lura da "nystatin" 2 Allunan yin amfani da 100 g na powdered sukari. Gudanar da wani 2-3 aikace-aikace kowane 3 days.

ganye magunguna

A mafi inganci yin amfani na ganye magunguna a matsayin kari ga lura wajabta ta likitan dabbobi.

Askosferoz ji tsoro na lamba tare da horsetail, Yarrow, celandine da tafarnuwa. A beehives amfani da ko dai murƙushe bushe shuka abu, ko gauze nade daure da ciyawa da aka bar karkashin Frames har bushe.

Lokacin amfani tafarnuwa kore kibiyoyi za a iya sanya ko ratsa grinder taro. Yana nufin a nade a cikin perforated polyethylene ko cheesecloth da kuma sanya a kan firam. Bayan kwanaki 2 da sabon jakar maye gurbinsu. A lokacin babban zuma kwarara, wannan hanya ba a yi amfani da.

rigakafin

A farko rigakafin fungal cututtuka - dama kula for amya da su dace da rufi. Domin apiary kamata zabi wani bushe rana wuri.

Ga masu rigakafin askosferoza a kai a kai sanitized kuma disinfected amya aiki kayan aiki. Podmore dole binne ko incinerated.

Don raba wani fungal kamuwa da cuta, da lafiya da ƙudan zuma ba a ciyar da zuma da kuma pollen daga amya marasa lafiya.

A da kyau m gwargwado aka dauke su bactericidal shafin kayan lambu raw kayan. Babban abu - kar ka manta da sabunta shi a kai a kai.

Gogaggen beekeepers, lura sauna iya kare beehives da kuma rage hadarin askosferoza a gonarsa.