Arctic Belt: halayyar yanayi. Arctic sauyin yanayi zone

A Arctic ne daya daga cikin mafi sanyi da kuma m yankunan na Duniya. Yana hada bangare na Eurasia. A ɓangaren da na Arctic zone yana da iyaka zuwa Arewa iyakacin duniya da kuma Arctic Ocean. Yana yana da kowa iyakokin da Amurka nahiyar. Sau da yawa zuwa ga kugu ruwan sun hada da arewacin yankunan da Pacific da kuma Atlantic tekuna. Total Arctic riqe fiye da miliyan 27 square kilomita

climatic zone

Meteorological Manuniya na yankin suna lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi arewacin iska talakawa. Arctic sauyin yanayi zone mamaye fadin Arctic Ocean, kazalika a kan karkata daga Siberia. M weather duk shekara zagaye da aka gudanar a cikin wadannan yankunan a duniya. Permafrost ba ya samun dumi hasken rana, kamar yadda suka fāɗi ƙasa a tangent.

Za mu iya cewa da garin kankara sanyi na Arctic rike kullum. Ko da a cikin bazara hasken rana radiation ba zai iya shiga cikin m yadudduka da kankara. A kananan adadin zafi da surface har yanzu na'am, amma shi ke da narkewa daga cikin snow murfin. Arctic sauyin yanayi zone ne ko da yaushe halin debe zazzabi hali. Hazo a cikin wannan yanki ne musamman rare. A dalilin ne m yawa na ruwa tururi daga taba ƙananan yanayin zafi. A talakawan ruwan sama ne kasa da 200 mm a kowace shekara.

Kusa da Turai na nahiyar aka mamaye subarctic zone. Babban yankin na ta rarraba da aka dauke su Eastern Siberia. Ga sauyin yanayi ne kasa matsananci, dace da rayuwa ba. A yanayin zafi sau da yawa tashi zuwa +12 digiri. Shekara-shekara hazo sau biyu - to 450 mm.

Arctic Belt: halayyar

Da farko wannan sauyin yanayi zone a tsare m yanayin zafi. Sau da yawa Manuniya isa -70 digiri. A mafi a cikinsa dauke da Yamal da kuma Taimyr. A nan, da talakawan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu ne game -55 digiri. A kadan warmer a Svalbard yankin da kuma Wrangel Island.

A arewa iyakacin duniya Figures Range tsakanin -43 digiri. A lokacin bazara da zazzabi za a tashi zuwa -10 ⁰ C. Ina mafi m yanayin kiyaye tsibiran Golomyanny, Wiese, Hayes da Hooker. Akwai ma'aunin zafi da sanyio yakan a lokacin rani lokaci zuwa 0. A Cape Cheliuskin talakawan rates bambanta a cikin -14 ⁰ C. Arctic Belt warms har zuwa tabbatacce yanayin zafi kawai a kudancin yankunan a karshen lokacin rani. A watan Agusta, da rates iya isa 10 digiri. Duk da haka, wannan zafin jiki ne ba fiye da makonni biyu.

A Arctic zone an rufe tare da m kankara talakawa. Su yankin na fiye da murabba'in kilomita miliyan 2 Domin matsananci short bazara narke game 8% na teku kankara. Duk da haka, tare da farko na sauyin yanayi hunturu freezes da ruwa ta surface sake.

Features kankara

Arewacin yankunan na Arctic ruwa daskare ga 'yan mita a cikin zurfin. Annuals halin kankara kauri daga 1.5 m. Da farko na bazara sun kusan gama narkewa. Kusa da Oktoba a kan ruwa surface sake farawa ta samar da kankara.

Dogon lokacin da nauyi ne da yawa thicker - har zuwa 4 mita. A lokacin da motsi na kankara hummocks kafa. Su kauri ne sau da yawa ya kai 15 mita. A sakamakon da dumi Gulf Stream kankara talakawa kashe karya, forming icebergs. Su zurfin (a karkashin ruwa) su iya bambanta har zuwa wani ɗari mita. Arctic kankara taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a cikin duniya da sauyin yanayi da tsarin. Su yi tunani da rana, hana kasar gona don dumama zuwa m highs. su ma suna da wani hukunci muhimmancin a cikin wurare dabam dabam na teku igiyoyin.

Arctic hamada

Yafi located in da Arewa iyakacin duniya. Halin da sparse ciyayi da kuma m yanayin zafi. Kusan dukan surface an rufe da kankara da dusar ƙanƙara. Don wannan yanki sun hada da arewacin yankunan da Canada tarin tsiburai da Greenland.

Arctic Belt ya ko da yaushe aka halin for zhizniklimaticheskimi m yanayi. Duk da haka, da kankara hamada - wannan shi ne mafi tsanani rabo daga Arewa iyakacin duniya. Akwai rare samu ko da lichens da kuma mosses. A kudancin hamada yankunan akwai kananan oases na buttercups da iyakacin duniya poppy.

A sauyin yanayi ba zai amfana wa ci gaban Fauna da Flora. mafi yawan shekaru da yawan zafin jiki aka sa a matakan kasa sifili. A mafi faru ne a lokacin rani marigayi - 2 - - 4 ⁰ C. Yanayi - a rare sabon abu.

Nature na Arctic zone

A Flora ne yafi wakilta Dwarf Bishiyoyi da mosses. A kudancin yankunan iya saduwa da tsayi ciyawa, har ma da hatsi. A cikin Diversity na tambaya Flora. Flowering shuke-shuke suna bambanta kawai iyakacin duniya poppy, sedge da saxifrage.

A Arctic zone ne ba mai arziki, da kuma namun daji. The rinjaye mazaunan, koli na kayayyakin abinci, da iyakacin duniya bears suna dauke. za ka iya saduwa da barewa a cikin kudancin Arctic muskox, bighorn tumaki, lemmings kuma Arctic hares. A mafi hatsari da yara ne Wolves da Foxes. Mafi na kowa jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin Arctic suna dauke hakori.

Birds zo ne kawai a lokacin rani. Su gida mafi yawa a tundra.

A cikin ruwan Arctic rayuwa walruses, like, narwhals, kuma baleen Whales.