Ancient gidãje daga Ukraine. Castles da kuma birãnensu na Ukraine

Castle kira na da ginin da ya taba zama wani garu mulkin gargajiya mazauni. Yawancin lokaci shi ne babban hadaddun, wanda ya hada da tattalin arziki, da iyali da kuma tsaron gida Tsarin.

Gidãje daga Ukraine daga 11 zuwa 19 karni

A Ukraine, ya fara gina gidãje daga 11th karni. Da farko, sun aka yi da itace. Wani lokacin kuma amfani da wani karfafa embankments. Shi ne kawai a cikin 13th karni domin gina castle fara amfani da dutse. By farkon 18th karni, mafi yawan irin kufaifan rasa su muhimmanci. Su masu yi kaura zuwa wani yafi dace don zama manyan gidãje. A cikin karni na 19th dutse kowa, yarɓaɓɓe castle aka yi amfani da baje kamar gini abu.

A mafi mashahuri a cikin yawon bude ido kwa'di

The mafi ban sha'awa na duk tsira wadannan kufaifan suna da wadannan Ukrainian gidãje:

• Kamenetz-Podolsk (Khmelnytsky yankin).
• Lutsk (Volyn yankin).
• Dubno (Rivne yankin).
• Olesko (Lviv yankin).
• Skalatsky (Ternopil yankin).
• Khotyn (Chernivtsi yankin).
• Palanok (Transcarpathian yankin).
• Ackerman (Odessa yankin).
• Uzhgorod (Zakarpattia yankin).
• Zolochiv (Lviv yankin).
• Schönborn (Transcarpathian yankin).

Wannan shi ne mafi kyau gidãje daga Ukraine ya cancanci ziyartar yawon bude ido da kuma hankali na jihar.

Kamenetz-Podolsk hadaddun

Wannan watakila mafi shahara masu garu na da gini a Ukraine. Gina Kamenetz-Podolsk, da castle yana cikin XIV karni. Lithuanian sarakuna. Tun 1434 da hadaddun aka dauka a kan ta Dogayen sanda da aka rayayye yi amfani da matsayin tsaron gida tsarin a cikin fadace-fadace a kan Turkish-Tatar sojojin. Asali da castle yana tsaye dama a ƙofar birnin. Yana da aka gina na itace. Stone Tsarin bayyana a cikin XVI karni.

A cikin XIX karni. Kamensk-Podolsky castle rasa ta soja muhimmancin, da kuma Museum-Reserve da aka bude a cikin shi. Wannan ya dubi hadaddun, kamar sauran gidãje daga Yammacin Ukraine, a full daidai da ra'ayoyi na zamani mutum a kan garu na da castle, sabili da haka ne sau da yawa amfani da lokacin da harbi tarihi da fina-finan. Alal misali, wannan shi ne inda ya harba da fim "Taras Bulba" da "birane masu garu".

Lutsk castle

Gina wannan hadaddun wani Lithuanian prince Lubaty a XIV karni. a shafin na wani tsohon katako kufaifan gina a cikin XIV karni. A shekarar 2011, Lutsk castle aka dauki daya daga cikin abubuwan al'ajabi na Ukraine. Cikin dukanin ta zama, da hadaddun aka taba dauka wani Yaren mutanen Poland da sojojin, kuma bã da Bagalike Army.

Kamar dukan sauran kwa'di Ukraine, Lutsk kewaye da wani dutse bango tare da hasumiyai a cikin sasanninta, wanda aka kyan gani, arches, ya taba zama entrances kuma sanye take da drawbridges. Daga baya sai aka sa shi. A hadaddun ya kiyaye da haihuwa 'ya'yan sarakuna ba gidan.

Dubno castle

A yi da wannan garu yi aka kammala a 1462. Kafa Dubno Castle Konstantin Ostrozhsky. A XVII karni, da hadaddun aka gina da kuma gyara a sa'an nan gaye style na Renaissance. A da karkararta kiyaye tsoho fadar Prince Ostrogski da Lubomirski.

Daya daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali Dubno garu hadaddun ne m tsarin na karkashin kasa Tunnels. A zamaninmu na Azabtarwa Museum aiki a daya daga cikin su. A gaban kowace shekara biki "Taras Bulba".

Olesko castle

Mutane da yawa daga cikin gidãje kuma kagarar Ukraine a baya ya kasance mazaunin sarakuna, ciki har da Olesko. Wannan garu hadaddun gina a kan shida ƙarni ago. A farko ambaci shi ne lissafta a 1327. A wannan castle haife Korol Yan III Sobieski da kuma Michael Koribut Vishnevetskii. A cikin XIX karni da castle fadi cikin disrepair, kuma a lokacin yakin duniya na farko da aka kusan gaba daya hallaka. Restoration of haihuwa kango cika a zamaninmu a shirin na tarihi Borisa Voznitskogo. Yau da castle ne gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye.

Skalatsky hadaddun

Wannan castle aka kafa ta da Polish swordsman K. Vihrovskim a 1630. Yana da wani quadrangular gini, kewaye da mai zurfi moat. A kowane kusurwa da aka gina da pentagonal hasumiyar da loopholes. A lokacin ta zama Skalatsky castle canza masu sau da yawa. Ya masu sun J. Firlej, shugabannai Scipio. A lokacin farko da kuma duniya na biyu Wars ne mai kagara gini da aka kusan gaba daya hallaka. Da maimaitawa na shi aka za'ayi kawai kwanan nan. Kamar sauran gidãje daga Ukraine, Skalatsky ne a halin yanzu a gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun.

Khotyn castle

Lokacin da aka gina shi wannan tsohon sansanin soja, shi ba a sani. Bisa ga zaton da masana kimiyya, gina shi a nuna na X kuma XI ƙarni. A tsakiyar karni XIII tsohon katako kufaifan da kuma gina ta domin na Prince Galitsky maye gurbinsu da dutse. Kusan duk da tsoho gidãje daga Ukraine, sun tsira a baya an hõre babbar gyara. Khotyn a wannan batun ne ba togiya. A cikin XV karni, wannan sansanin soja da aka halin kerata. Its yankin da aka muhimmanci ƙãra, erecting m dutse garu da hasumiyoyin. A yadi da aka tashe ta kusan mita 10.

A shekarar 1918, Hawtin aka kama da Romanians, da kuma a 1940 ya tafi Tarayyar Soviet. A wannan castle, kazalika a Kamenetz-Podolsk, sau da yawa sosai gudanar harbi tarihi da fina-finan.

A hadaddun Palanok

Wannan tsoho sansanin soja ne dake kusa da garin na Mukachevo. A lokacin da yana da yawa ban sha'awa na da gidãjen an gina a cikin Ukraine, masana tarihi, da rashin alheri, ba a sani. Shin ba togiya a wannan batun, kuma hadaddun Palanok. Wasu masu bincike yi imani da cewa wadannan defenses wanzu a cikin IX karni. Duk da haka dai, da farko ya ambaci wannan tsohon sansanin soja ne a cikin tarihi, kwanan rana XI karni.

Its soja muhimmanci Palanok castle rasa a cikin XIX karni. Daga bisani, wannan tsarin ya dade da aka yi amfani a matsayin kurkuku ga fursunonin siyasa. Daga baya, shi housed a barikokin soji. A halin yanzu Palanok castle gaba daya gyara, kuma akwai aiki tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya, bude wa jama'a duka comers.

castle Ackerman

A cewar wasu kafofin, da gina wannan gini dade fiye da karni biyu (XIII - XIV ƙarni), kuma mafi muhimmanci karfafa shi samu a cikin XV karni. Gidãje daga Ukraine a yankin akwai duka, ƙanana da manyan. Akkerman sansanin soja ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a kasar. A tsawon ganuwar ta ne game da biyu kilomita bãya, kuma su tsawo a wasu wuraren har zuwa 15 m.

A lokacin, da sansanin soja Ackerman ne a tarihi da kuma al'adu ajiye. Its ƙasa ne sau da yawa da za'ayi dukan idodi, music da kuma wasan kwaikwayo, kazalika da wasan a wasan zorro.

Zolochiv castle

A yi da wannan tsaron gida tsarin da aka kammala a 1634 a kudi na Sarkin Yakubu Sobieski. Bayan m dutse ganuwar wannan monarch aka gina biyu-storey fada a cikin Renaissance style. A cikin sharuddan kayan aiki ne mai yiwuwa mafi ban sha'awa a cikin kasar da tsohon castle. Ukraine (sai wani ɓangare na Poland) game da zama gidaje a sosai ci-gaba da wuraren ba su sãɓã ba. Facilities kuma Zolochiv castle mai tsanani da fireplaces da stoves. Bugu da kari, da magudanun ruwa da aka bayar da kuma cewa daga na da Turai da aka kullum dauke sosai rare.

Bayan rasuwar Prince Yakova Zolochevsky castle ga wani lokaci ya zama dukiya daga cikin gwamnonin Tarle. Daga baya ya zama masu daga cikin shahararrun Prince Radziwill. A cikin rabi na biyu na karni XVIII, ya rasa ta soja muhimmanci kulle hankali ya fara ru ewa.

A 1801 ya dauki sama da maido da Count Lukas Kamarnitsky. A 1834 ya sayar da shi ga Austria gwamnati. Ga wasu lokaci shi housed barikin sojan, da kuma daga baya - asibiti. A 1872 Zolochiv castle fara da za a yi amfani da matsayin kurkuku. A 1953 da castle housed PTU. Mayar da wannan gini ya fara ne kawai a shekarar 1986, bayan da shi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Lviv Art Gallery.

hadaddun Schönborn

Wasu daga cikin gidãje da manyan gidãje daga Ukraine ne mai sauki dadi kyau na gine-gine ginen. A matsayin misali, Schönborn, gina a 1890-1895, bi da bi. Its kafa shi ne Buheym Schönborn. A baya can a fili Beregvar gina wani katako farauta kwana, kadan daga baya ya zama lokacin rani mazaunin kirga. Wani lokaci daga baya, wani m fada girma a nan. Kewaye da castle Schönborn 19 kadada, wanda dage farawa daga wani kyakkyawan lambu-arboretum. Don kwanan wata, wannan gini da aka yi amfani a matsayin daya daga cikin gine-gine na sanatorium "Carpathians".

Beautiful Ibada Ukraine

Hakika, birãnensu da kuma gidãjen - shi ne ba kawai wani gine-gine alama, wanda alfahari a kasar. Babu kasa da ban sha'awa da kuma zamanin da Ibada na Ukraine. Da kyau sosai, misali, Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, aka located a cikin tsakiyar Kiev, kafa a 1051. Yadu da aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya, da kuma St. Sophia Cathedral - na farko mai girma Kirista coci a Rasha, gina ta dan Prince Vladimir, Yaroslav Mai hikima a cikin IX karni. Don mafi ban sha'awa jan hankali na jihar sun hada da Dominican babban coci a Lviv, Church na ɗauka Lavra da kuma wasu tsoho addini gine-gine.

Ancient gidãje da majami'u a Ukraine - mafi muhimmanci da gine-gine da Monuments, manyan ayyukan hannuwan mutane ne, da wani wuri da ban mamaki tarihi da kuma musamman kyakkyawa - shakka ya cancanci hankalin masana tarihi da kuma yawon bude ido. A mayar da martani ga 'yan events, abu ne mai wuya, ba shakka, da yawa Rasha tafiya goyon baya zai kuskure ya je kusa ikon gano ta jan hankali. Amma, da fatan, shi ba zai ko da yaushe, kuma mu baƙi za su iya cikakken yaba da kyakkyawa da girma daga wadannan tsoho Monuments.