A soja daraja na "Janar na Army"

Janar na Army - ba kawai wani soja daraja, shi ne sirri soja daraja, wanda yake nufin hakan (ko daya daga cikin mafi girma) soja post a cikin sojojin na kusan dukan zamani jihohi. Sama da daraja na janar - kawai da lakabi na Marshal ko Field Marshal, wanda ake amfani da su a wasu kasashe. Kuma idan irin wannan suna ba samuwa, sa'an nan da daraja na janar - shi ne mafi girma da soja post. Misalai daga cikin wadannan kasashe za su iya zama a matsayin Amurka da kuma Ukraine.

Duk da haka, a cikin tarihin wannan suna akwai wasu m lokacin. Alal misali, a Spain, aka bayar da lakabi "kyaftin general", kamar m zuwa ga daraja da Field Marshal, wanda shi ne mafi girma fiye da daraja na general.

Don fahimtar manufar "Janar na Army", ya kamata ka kwatanta da lakabi na Amurka da kuma Tarayyar Soviet generals.

A Republican jihohi a Amurka daraja na Marshal, wanda aka subconsciously hade da daular mulkinsu, shi ba ya. Tsanani yunkurin da gabatarwar da aka dauka. Kamar yadda wani analogue daga gare ta, a watan Yuli 1866, Congress kafa mafi girma soja daraja - Janar na Army, da awarding su US Grant, wanda ya daukakar da gwarzo na yakin basasa, wanda daga baya ya zama shugaban Amurka. A wannan lokacin, shi wanzu ne kawai a matsayin sirri soja take, ba wani yau da kullum da sojojin daraja. A lokaci guda, wannan suna zai iya zama daya kawai kyaftin.

A cikin tsakiyar 40-ies na XX karni da take aka bita ta Congress da kuma kafa a matsayin na dindindin soja daraja. Duk da haka, wannan suna da aka daina amfani da 20 ga watan Satumba, 1950, ko da yake shi ne har yanzu rubuta a cikin shatan daga cikin sojojin. Generals na US Army fara da suna m daraja da Admiral na rundunar motoci da kuma Air Force general, wanda aka sa'an nan gabatar.

A Tarayyar Soviet, wannan suna da aka bai wa wasu sauran daraja. A nan take na "Janar na Army" ya da wani sirri soja daraja, located kasa da Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma sama da daraja na Kanar Janar. Bayan ritaya daga aikin soja da aka kara wa lakabi da kalmar "ritaya" ko "ajiye".

A soja daraja na Janar na Army kasance daya daga cikin hudu saman darajõji, wanda aka gabatar a 1940 ta Soviet Army. Kafin juyin juya halin a Rasha Janar na Army daraja, a gaskiya, bai wanzu ba, kamar yadda babban soja daraja take ta Sarkin. Da farko Soviet sojojin generals - GK Zhukov, IV Seals, KA Meretskov. Tun da daraja na Janar na Soviet Army, da kuma Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet, shi da aka bai wa kowa har sai 1943, lokacin da kafada madauri da 4 taurari rantsuwarsu mika PM Vasilevsky.

Daga bisani, a lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War, da daraja na Janar na Army da aka sanya wani ƙarin goma sha takwas generals, na da goma daga bisani aka bayar da lakabi na Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet.

Su main aiki ya zuwa shiryar da dabarun kwatance. A wartime sojojin janar danƙa rawar da kwamandan na gaba, da kuma a karshen yaki - da mataimakinsa.

Bayan da yaki, aka sanya da daraja na janar ne ba don fice soja nasarori, amma a gaskiya officio members na saman management tawagar jihar soja raka'a, ciki har da 'yan tsaro gabobin da siyasa ma'aikata.