A humanism na Renaissance

By tsakiyar XIV karni a Turai akwai wani sabon falsafa Trend - humanism, wanda alama wani sabon zamanin a cikin ci gaban da al'ummar dan Adam da ake kira Renaissance. Na da Turai a wancan lokaci ya kasance karkashin nauyi na ecclesiastical nuna bambanci, a kowace free tunani gilla mur. Sai a wannan lokaci, a Florence, kuma aka haifi wani falsafa rukunan cewa sanya dubi da kambi na halittar Allah a wani sabon hanyar.

A humanism na Renaissance - shi ne mai sa na bada, dake wakiltar tunani mutum, wanda ba zai iya kawai tafi tare da ya kwarara, amma kuma da ikon su yi tsayayya da yi aiki da kansu. Its main mayar da hankali ne sha'awar kowane mutum, da imani a cikin ruhaniya da kuma ta jiki damar iya yin komai. Wannan humanism na Renaissance sanar da sauran ka'idojin da samuwar hali. The mutum a wannan koyarwa da aka gabatar a matsayin wani mai halitta, shi ne mutum da ba m cikin tunani da kuma ayyuka.

Wani sabon falsafa shugabanci dauka a matsayin dalilin da tsoho al'adu, fasaha da wallafe-wallafe, mayar da hankali a kan m yanayi na mutum. A tsakiyar zamanai, kimiyya da al'adu su ne prerogative na coci, wanda aka sosai tare da ɓacin rai shared da ilmi da kuma nasarorin. A humanism na Renaissance bude labulen. Farko a Italiya sa'an nan a hankali cikin Turai suka fara samar da jami'o'i, wanda, tare da wata theosophical kimiyya, da kuma soma nazarin wadanda mutane batutuwa: lissafi, Anatomy, music da al'adu.

Mafi shahara tausaya wajama'a na Italian Renaissance ne: Pico della Mirandola, Dante Alighieri, Dzhovanni Bokkachcho, Franchesko Petrarka, Leonardo Vinci, Rafael Santi da Mikelandzhelo Buanarotti. Ingila ba duniya Refayawa kamar Vilyam Shekspir, Frensis Bekon. France gabatar da Michel de Montaigne da Fransua Rable, Spain - Miguel de Cervantes, da kuma Jamus - Erasmus, Albrehta Dyurera da Ulrich von Hutten. Duk wadannan manyan masana kimiyya, malamai, artists, mai mayar da mahanga da kuma sani da mutane da kuma nuna wani m mutum, a kyakkyawan rai da tunani. Sũ ne waɗanda suka suyi duk bãyanta na gabatar damar duba a duniya daban.

A humanism na Renaissance ya jagoranci duk sa falalan mallaki by mutumin, da kuma nuna yiwuwar ci gaba a cikin mutum (shi kadai ko tare da taimako na jagoranci).

Anthropocentric humanism ya bambanta daga wannan mutum, bisa ga wannan Trend ne cibiyar sararin samaniya da kuma dukan abin da yake kusa, su bauta masa. Mutane da yawa Kiristoci, dauke da makamai wannan rukunan, ya yi kira a cikin halittar mafi girma mutum, Take a kan shi, kuma mafi girma nauyin alhakin. Anthropocentrism da humanism na Renaissance sosai bambanta da juna, don haka dole ne mu yi iya fili rarrabe tsakanin wadannan Concepts. Antropotsentrist - wani mutum wanda shi ne mai siye. Ya yi imanin cewa shi duk da wani abu, ya kuɓutar da aiki da kuma ba ya tunani game da halakar yanayi. Its asali manufa ne: mutane suna da hakkin rayuwa kamar yadda ya so, da kuma sauran duniya da aka zamar masa dole ya bauta masa.

Anthropocentrism da humanism na Renaissance aka daga baya amfani da dama da masana falsafa da kuma masana kimiyya, kamar Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Hobbes da sauransu. Wadannan biyu ma'anar da aka dauka akai-akai don wani dalilin daban-daban a makarantu da kuma igiyoyin. A mafi muhimmanci, ba shakka, domin duk gaba zamaninsu zama humanism a cikin Renaissance sowed da tsaba na alheri, wayewa da kuma dalilin cewa mu a yau, bayan da dama ƙarni, ya wadãtu da mafi muhimmanci ga wani m mutum. Mu, da zuriyarsu, ji dadin yau da babban nasarorin da adabi da wasannin fasaha na Renaissance, da kuma kimiyyar zamani ta dogara ne a kan da yawa da ake koyarwa kuma binciken, wanda ya samo asali a cikin XIV karni da kuma har yanzu ya zama a yau. A humanism na Renaissance kokarin yin mutum mafi koyar da shi ya girmama kansu da sauransu, da kuma mu aiki - don su iya adana da kuma kara da mafi kyau na Usul.