Yankan ruwa (coolant): rarrabuwa, aikace-aikace

Metalworking tsari ne inherently hade da wani karfi gogayya da ya auku tsakanin workpiece da kuma kayan aiki. Wannan shi ne musamman bayyananna a lokacin juya da milling aiki, a lokacin da kayan aiki ne musamman zafi, sanyi extrusion, high-gudun rocker saukowa. M gogayya taimaka wa wanda bai kai ba lalacewa da kayan aiki, da roba nakasawa daga cikin workpiece, canji Properties na karfe saboda zafi fiye da kima. Don rage gogayya da karfi na bukatar wani sabon musamman m (coolant) da kuma yawan zafin jiki tayi.

Sigogi rarrabuwa coolants

Janar rarrabuwa coolants za'ayi a kan da dama sigogi:

• A asalin da aka gyara. Samar da man fetur coolant, wadda ake bisa man fetur mai, dabba ko kayan lambu fats.
• By hanyar cudanya. Emulsol - a ƙãre samfurin tare da wani dogon shiryayye rai ko fasaha emulsion, shirya nan da nan kafin amfani da tattara bisa ga Gost.
• A zahiri da kuma inji sigogi - danko, acid lambar, flash batu. A karshen halayyar sa da aikace-aikace na coolant man zafi stamping.
• Bisa ga aikace-aikace filin. Yana samar da iri daban-daban coolants for daban-daban aiki yanayi na aikace-aikace. Roba yankan ruwa ga roba nakasawa ayyukan, coolant for lathes ko milling inji.

A roba ruwa mai narkewa coolant duniya EFELE CF-621 kamar yadda wata tattara yi nufi ga machining da simintin gyaran kafa mari, steels, ciki har da bakin da gami, titanium, aluminum da kuma jan gami. Wannan coolant Rasha samarwa yana da wani amber launi da kuma mai dadi caramel ƙanshi. Yana ba ya dauke da formaldehyde, chlorine da sakandare amines, don haka hadari ga mutane. Sanya na roba aka gyara tare da Bugu da kari (15%) ma'adinai da man fetur abun da ke ciki, wannan emulsion yana da wani low cost, a halayyar da ma'adinai da kayayyakin. Biostability kuma yi EFELE CF-621 damar machining karafa bayani ne kasa idan aka kwatanta da sauran coolant yawa.

Nau'in coolant abun da ke ciki

A cikin abun da ke ciki na coolant bambanta da wadannan iri:

• Man - formulations na gyara wanda suke immiscible da ruwa. Base man emulsion ne paraffin, ma'adinai, ko kuma man fetur mai (60-95%). Don bunkasa tasiri na anti-lalacewa, gogayya, lalata a cikin abun da ke ciki sun hada da daban-daban Additives da hanawa. Mai emulsion mallaka kyau kwarai lubricating Properties. Amfani ga m karafa a sauki aiki halaye.
• Ma'adinai - tushe sanya daga man fetur da catalytic hydrogenation. Don kara da tasiri na Additives hada daga fats, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus mahadi. Wadannan qagaggun ake amfani a irin wannan iri na karfe, kamar: yankan karfe, aluminum, tagulla, Threading, milling aikin alloyed steels.
• Ruwa miscible - wani ruwa-ruwa bayani dangane da ma'adinai da man fetur. Wadannan qagaggun da kyau kwarai da sanyaya dũkiyarsu da kuma low yawan guba, amma low lubricating yi. Zangon - haske da matsakaici wajibi juya tagulla, da na tagulla, da milling da hakowa daga dukan nau'i na ba-ferrous karafa, nika da punching karfe.
• Roba da semisynthetic - cakuda ruwa, surfactants, ruwa mai narkewa polymers, anti-Fitar kumfar da antibacterial Additives, lalata hanawa. Don kara da lubricity a roba qagaggun ma gudanar antiwear Additives.
• Emulsions - qagaggun tare da m yawa na tarwatsa barbashi. Rage mataki na lalacewa daga kayan aikin da kayan aiki a cikin kusan dukkan metalworking ayyukan.

Tsarin da kuma tsarin ba da aikin na coolant

A tartsatsi amfani da coolants a karfe aiki matakai saboda da tasiri rabuwa da shafa saman na workpiece da kayan aiki da kuma rage yawan zafin jiki. A mafi inganci coolant iya hada wadannan aka gyara a cikin abun da ke ciki:

• Dalili na roba mai ko dabba fats.
• Additives cewa kara da frictional lalacewa da matsananci matsa lamba yi.
• Aka gyara, hana delamination abun da ke ciki a lokacin ajiya.
• Additives cewa hana lalata da halaka.
• Aka gyara, Munã rage Fitar kumfar da wetting na saman a karfe.

A amfani da coolant

Metalworking ruwaye ake amfani da su sa da kuma kwantar da aiki a yankin da karfe. Kadarorin coolant yarda su rage gogayya da magani zone, game da shi, rage lalacewa daga cikin kayan aiki, kara samfurin ingancin ta inganta cikin tsanani da aiwatar da, kamar yadda wani sakamako, da sauran aiki.

Saboda su da kyau lubricating Properties na coolant rage frictional karfi tsakanin workpiece surface da yankan gefen kayan aiki, da gogayya a karfe Layer yanke. Wasu fasaha man shafawa da sinadaran Properties cewa gabatar da wani karu ba kawai frictional karfi, amma kuma sabon karfi. Mai coolant - surfactants da high adsorption Properties. Sun iya samar da wata barga fim a kan karfe surface, wanda da yawa rage gogayya. Wasu musamman surfactant Additives da a kan karfe "wedging" mataki. Elongated kwayoyin irin wannan Additives fada cikin microcracks a karfe surface, kamar sandan, game da shi, yanã raunanar da bond tsakanin barbashi da kayan. Saboda haka, coolant "taimaka" da aiki kayan aiki don yanke wani Layer daga tushe karfe.

Mafi na kowa coolant qagaggun for inji kayayyakin aiki,

Metalworking lathes da milling inji ake kerarre wadannan taya:

• Emulsoles dangane da ma'adinai da man fetur mai.
• Emulsifiers da roba m acid.
• Kunna da kuma milling aiki, samar da high-gudun aiki na bakin da kuma gami steels, samar daidai da Gost 38.01445-88. Domin wadannan dalilai, bayar da roba qagaggun wadda ake bisa tallow mai vysokoatomnye alcohols triethanolamine.
• Sulfofrezoly - sosai tsarkake mai cakuda da sulfur-dauke da mahadi. Kada dauke da ruwa, alkalis, acid. Irin wannan coolant for inji yadda ya kamata rage gogayya, ba sa lalata.

Aikace-aikace na coolant da matsa lamba magani daga karfe

Wannan hanya da ake dangantawa da gagarumin karfe-takamaiman karfi da kuma zumunta zamiya tsakanin workpiece da kuma kayan aiki. Coolant amfani a irin wannan tafiyar matakai dole ne mallaki wani muhimmanci mafi girma danko. A halayyar fasali na qagaggun, metalworking matsa lamba ne:

• Isasshen danko.
• Resistance zuwa karaya kuma rabuwa a high zazzabi yanayi.
• Aiwatar vodnografitovye tonkocheshuychatogo qagaggun tare da hada graphite dogara ne a kan mai dakatar.

Features na aikace-aikace na yankan ruwaye

Don ƙarin ingantaccen amfani da coolant kamata la'akari da 'yan sauki dokoki.

• Mafi qarancin ruwa ya kwarara, ko da kuwa ko shi ne mai ruwa-ruwa ko emulsion - 10-15 l / min.
• Yana da muhimmanci cewa coolant kwarara ne a fagen ilimi da matsakaicin adadin zafi. Lokacin juya - shi ne wani yanki a kan abin da kwakwalwan kwamfuta rabu da workpiece.
• Da wadata da na coolant kamata a da za'ayi nan da nan. Lokacin da coolant bayan wani lokaci sosai zafi abun yanka za a kasu, sakamakon samuwar fasa a shi.
• Coolant ba amfani da lokacin juya gaggautsa karfe (tagulla, da baƙin ƙarfe, da dai sauransu). Lokacin juya irin kayan da samar da kananan kwakwalwan kwamfuta, wanda Mixes da coolant, zai iya sanƙarar da na'ura na aiki raka'a (karusa caliper, da shiriya da firam), wadda take kaiwa zuwa bai kai ba lalacewa da kuma gazawar da wadannan aka gyara.

Production da kuma ajiya na yankan ruwaye

Bugu da kari ga dogon ajiya na ƙãre qagaggun, fi mai da hankali, da kuma kerarre aka gyara domin shiri na taya, saba da yanayi na musamman da sha'anin. Coolant, coolant, farashin wanda ya dogara da yafi a kan abun da ke ciki m ga wani irin aiki a yau kasuwar da aka gane for 70-160 rubles / lita ga shirye-sanya qagaggun na cikin gida da kera da kuma 105-290 rubles / lita na waje samarwa. A talakawan tamanin da tattara ne 240 r / lita. Kafin da ake ji da ruwa ta hanyar da wadannan hanya:

• Stirring da aka yi a gyara shigar a kan abun da ke ciki da kuma hatimi yanayin zafi (60-110 0 C).
• Analysis na abun da ke ciki daidai da Gost.
• A shirye qagaggun aka adana a cikin na musamman kwantena, kyale a gudanar da wani lokaci-lokaci da kuma dumama stirring.
• A shirya emulsion, gabatarwar Additives, wanda aka kwashe a kan wani bakin ciki vibratory emulsification.
• Refilling m ciyar na'ura.
• A amfani da qagaggun aka gurbata. Samar da coolant tsarkakewa tsarin na karfe sharan. Vata kayayyakin da cewa ba za a iya yadda ya kamata tsabtace don zubar.