Wane ne jigo Kudeyar? Tarihi, almara, nassoshi cikin adabi

Quite rare hali a cikin tarihi na Slavic almara ya Ataman Kudeyar. Legends game da shi an san a yankunan da yawa na tsakiya da kuma kudancin Rasha. Wannan talifin zai tattauna a more daki-daki wasu kyawawan sanannun nassoshi a cikin tarihi, Legends da adabi da wannan shugaba.

Asalin sunan Kudeyar

A daidai kwanakin da rai Ataman Kudeyar babu wanda zai iya ce, amma shi ne a zaci cewa ya rayu a karni na sha shida. Akwai iri-iri na da ra'ayin yadda da asalin da Persian sunan Khudoyar wanda yake nufin "ƙaunatattun Allah", ko Kudeyar, mafi sau da yawa shi ne ba Tatar asalin. A yammacin kuma tsakiyar Rasha ne da sunan da ma'anoni daban-daban - da mafi iko maye.

Na dogon lokaci da sunan kansa Kudeyar samu a da yawa larduna kamar Voronezh, Kharkov, Tula, Kaluga da yawa wasu. Daga baya, shi ya fara samun shahararsa surname Kudeyarov.

Sunan jigo Kudeyar samu ba kawai a cikin Legends. Akwai misalai na nassoshi da shi a cikin tarihi:

• A tsohon nobility Markov, a 'yan qasar na Kursk ya Kilderyar Ivanovic, wanda rage tsawon kira Kudeyarov.
• A wasu tarihi takardun da aka ambata mallaki gidaje asali daga arzamasa, wanda ta haifa da sunan Kudeyar Chufarov.
• Mun san sunan Moscow Cossack Karachaeva Kudeyar.
• Sau da yawa da aka ambata a cikin tarihin Prince Meshchersky Kudeyar Ivanovich.
• Akwai records game da cin amana inji, suka gudu zuwa Crimea, a madadin Kudeyar Tishenkov, asali daga Belevsky boyars. Mutane da yawa shirki da wannan musamman tarihi adadi da siffar shugaban.

Ataman ganewa da yarima Yuri

Akwai da dama Legends, wanda fa, tã wata a layi daya tsakanin jigo Kudeyarov da kuma Yuri Vasilievich, ɗan Solomonii Saburovoy da Vasily III. Yana yiwuwa ya haskaka wasu daga cikinsu:

1. Legend 'yan qasar na Saratov, wanda ya gaya mana cewa Ivan da Munin, kafin je zuwa yãƙi a Kazan, bar Moscow domin jindadin Kudeyarov. Daga baya an gano cewa, Kazan umurnin da aka ƙarya, sanya yin oda a cikin rashi na sarki Kudeyar V. assigning jihar taskar, ya tsere azãba.
2. Simbirskaya labari ya ce cewa Yuri Kudeyar aka kirã su zuwa ga Kazan ga kisa a hannun Ivan da Munin. Duk da haka, ya san a gaba game da nufi na sarki, Yuri dauki up tsaron gida matsayi a kan Volga, a Krotkovskogo birni.
3. Known labari cewa tsar Ivan Grozny har yanzu ya gana da Yuri a kewaye Kazan, da kuma cewa, bi da bi, ya gudu daga m zuwa arewacin kasar.
4. Kursk da labari cewa, George aka kama da Tatars, wanda ya so don samun fansa daga sarki. Lokacin da yunkurin da kasa, da fursuna da aka aiko da rundunar don yaki da na sarki kursiyin. Duk da haka, wannan ra'ayin tabbatar da m, sa'an nan Yuri zauna a Rasha asashe, inda ya shiga a fashi.
5. Suzdal labari, a maimakon haka, ya ce cikar Kudeyarov Vasilyevich son rai jam'iyya da Tartars, wanda shine ya sami kursiyin. Duk da haka, ganin da ta'asar jajirce da Tartars, ya kasance a kan tsaron gida a ƙasar haihuwarmu.

All Legends matsayin Ataman, da kuma game da Yuri Kudeyar nuna masa m na motherland, wanda aka bayyana a cikin gudun hijira ko barin da abokan gaba.

Sauran Legends game da asalin na Kudeyar

Akwai da yawa labaru game da asalin na Ataman Kudeyar:

• Bisa ga tarihin Voronezh, Kudeyar wani mai karɓar haraji, a Khan. Wata rana, sallamar Rasha yarjejeniya, da ya yanke shawarar ba zai koma Gwamnan, zaunar a Voronezh ƙasar, suka taru, kamar shiryayye mutane da kuma ci gaba predatory rayuwa. Ya zarar fadi cikin soyayya da wani Slavic yarinya, sace ta, kuma su sanya ta ta zama matarsa.

• A cikin ƙauyen Loch yi imani a cikin labari cewa Kudeyar kuwa bãbu wani wanin kane na Ivan da Munin. Sarkin sarakuna yanke shawarar kashe shi, muminai da jita-jita, da cewa a lokacin da ya ke tsiro up, shi zai rabu da shi na istinbadi kursiyin. Duk da haka, bayin rashin biyayya da na sarki, ya gudu zuwa ga sarkin, wanda daga baya tuba zuwa ga Musulunci da kuma aka mai suna Kudeyarov.
• Akwai wani labari da cewa shi ne dan Kudeyar Zhigmonta beautor, wanda aka haifa kafin shela da ya kawu, King of Poland. Ya sheƙa a guje zuwa Cossacks na Dnieper River, kuma daga baya ya shiga sabis na Ivanu Groznomu, amma bayan da sarauta opals ya tsere, ya tafi wata predatory rayuwa.
• A Ryazan, akwai wani ra'ayi cewa ya Kudeyar henchmen wanda ba kawai sata yan kasuwa daga Moscow, amma kuma kasafta dabbobi na gida mazauna.
• A cikin Oryol lardin jigo armashi, kamar yadda mai baƙin aljan, wanda yake mafĩfĩcinku ya taskõkin.

Ba da babbar dama na kafofin, daban-daban daga juna, yana da wuya isa ya bayar da wani cikakken bayanin Ataman Kudeyar.

Tatsũniyõyi ne na wani kogo Kudeyar

Na dogon lokaci, da yawa taska dayansu yi kokarin nemo taska fashi Kudeyar game da yawa Legends. NGO ne duk don ba wadãtar. A da yawa rubutun d¯a bayyana birane inda Ataman 'yan fashi Kudeyar boye ganima. Yawancin wadannan wurare da aka ambata a cikin Voronezh yankin. A cewar wasu labaru, a cikin gandun daji na Bryansk akwai wuraren da taska da yake a ɓõye, kuma da dare daga juji da duwatsun da ba za ka iya ganin haske, kuma wani lokacin ji wani baby kuka.

Kudeyarova kogo aka bayyana a matsayin wani wuri inda ba kawai kiyaye ganima, amma da jigo da kansa ya rayu a wani richly sanye take bariki. Gore, a cikin abin da aka located wani kogo rufe gaba daya thickets. Kusa da shi ne wani dutsen - Karaulnaya a kan wanda sentries aka posted fashi. Kusa da wannan wuri da aka haƙa mai zurfi tsanya, tsari da kuma kare mazaunanta daga intruders. A wani lokaci a lokacin da Kudeyar bar makomarsa a search na sabon riba, ya kulle duk dakuna da kuma ƙofar zuwa cikin kogo cika da duwatsu. An yi imani da cewa ruhun da jigo da kuma har yanzu dogging ya gaya dũkiya daga mutane. Wasu suna ganin cewa Kudeyar saboda su sihiri damar iya yin komai, kuma shi ne rai a yau.

Akwai wani version na labari. A cewar ta, da dukan dukiyar da aka makari da mutum ido ga shekaru 200. A lokaci na wannan dogon tafi, da kuma samu taska dole ne ya zama m yawan mutane. Bayan ka haƙa a, to bude kulle kamata ka yi amfani da zinariya key, wanda aka adana a wani spring Sims. Samun shi ba haka sauki, shi zai iya sa daya kawai wanda bailed daga tushen ko zai iya samun ruwa daga Dinner Lake, da location of wadda babu wanda ya san.

Na gama image na ɗan fashi

Hoton na Prince George, wanda da yawa la'akari Kudeyarov fashi, tarihi ne na gama da ya hada da sada data na real amma duka-duka mutane daban-daban. Bisa ga sakamakon Kudeyar sunan mutane ya zama wani gidan kalma. Yana characterizes duk data kasance 'yan fashi. Kira wannan hali authentically tarihi ba zai yiwu ba saboda rashin shaida don tallafa wa da real zama.

Bisa ga rikodin sanya a cikin Saratov lardin, Kudeyar bayyana Tatar, wanda ya san Rasha harshen, kuma yana da wata fairly high girma da kuma bestial bayyanar. Har ila yau, da yawa Legends ba da wannan halin da sihiri damar iya yin komai, wanda ya taimake shi a cikin looting da kuma boye daga fafararsu.

A wasu rubuce-rubucen ataman chernokury bayyana a matsayin wani namiji m-zafin da kuma wanda ba a iya lura da shi ba fushi, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin da aka ma mika Cossack. A nuna, bisa ga wasu mutãne tãtsũniyõyin alama daban-daban image - wani mutum mai kyau kamannuna, me ya sa za a jaruntakar, fasaha, na da wani rauni ga 'yan mata matasa.

A general, akwai da dama images Kudeyar dangane tsoho Legends. Wasu sanyã ransa m fashi, wasu yi imani da cewa jigo Kudeyar ya na sarauta jini da kuma boye daga sãlihai fushin sarki. Har ila yau, akwai wani hasashe cewa, ya kasance da wani mayaudarin wanda tamkar wani mutum na sarauta jini.

Nassoshi wani hali a wani aiki na Nekrasov

Ataman Kudeyar Nekrasov Z ta, babban Rasha marubuci, aka ambata a cikin "Wa Zaune To a Rasha", a wani babi mai suna "Biki". A karshe line na wannan babi ya bambanta dangane da edition, kamar yadda akwai da dama iri na rubutu:

• Rubutum a 1876 ga mujallar "Notes da Fatherland" da kuma katsalandan typographic ra'ayi sanya a kan tushen da wannan rubutun. Wani trimmed bazawa a cikin wannan mujallar aka bayar a 1881.
• ba bisa doka ba wallafe Petersburg maras tauyewa bugu da aka saki a 1879. Wannan wani zaɓi ne kunshe a cikin tarin marubucin ayyukansu.

A wannan aikin, Ataman Kudeyar hali - wani labari da cewa ya gaya Ionushka. Ya labarin da aka faɗa musu game da lyutom fashi suka tuba daga zunuban aikata, kuma ya fara wani Kadaitaccen rayuwa. Duk da haka, ya ba sami wani wuri don kansa, kuma gã shi mai baƙo, wanda ya gaya yadda ɓarawo yakan cimma zaman lafiya. Don yin wannan, a yanka da tsoho oak, game da shi makami cewa mutane marasa laifi ne aka kashe. Domin aiki shi ya dauki shekaru, amma rushe itace kawai bayan da an kashe Mr Glukhov.

Kusata mutane a Ataman Kudeyar a "Wa Zaune To a Rasha" ya dan kadan. Da samfurin ya nuna su lambobi. A cikin waka ce game da shi: "Gilot goma sha biyu 'yan fashi, ya rayu Kudeyar-jigo." Lokacin da Kudeyar yanke shawarar otmolit zunubanku, kuma ya tũba, sai ya sallami ya retinue a kan free abinci.

References a cikin ayyukansu na sauran mawallafa

Ataman Kudeyar image ne yanzu ba kawai a cikin ayyuka na Nekrasov. Ambaton shi ne a cikin Roman Kostomarov "Kudeyar" kazalika "A karshe soyayya Kudeyar" da aka bayyana Navrotsky.

A Kostomarov a cikin samfurin yana da wani tunani da labari na asalin da hali daga farko aure na Vasily III. Matarsa bayan kisan aure da aka aika zuwa sufi saboda rashin haihuwa. Duk da haka, a cikin sufi da ta bada ta haifi ɗa. Mace ta aika da shi zuwa ta m mutane a kan Turkish iyakar, inda yarima aka kama. A kadan daga baya, mafi zama balagaggu, ya tsere zuwa ga ƙasar haihuwarsa, inda ya zama ɗan fashi, mai suna Kudeyar.

Ake magana a kai da hali da kuma a cikin Soviet adabi:

• A cikin labarin Kuprina "Grunia" riqe kwatanta da protagonist kawun iri da aka sani shugaba.
• A labarin na Kudeyar Bakhrevskiĭ aka bayyana a cikin aikinsa "Treasure jigo."
• Shiryaev ambaci jigo a "Kudeyarova itacen oak."
• Alexandrov bayyana hoton a cikin "Kudeyarova zangon."
• Dan damfara da aka ambata a cikin madauki "Pelagia" marubuci Akunin.

song Chaliapin

"Gilot goma sha biyu 'yan fashi, ya rayu Kudeyar-Ataman" - don haka ta fara da farko ayar na "The Legend daga cikin sha biyun Mafasa" by Fodora Ivanovicha Shalyapina bisa aiki Nekrasov. A cewar wasu kafofin, halittar music ne aka yaba wa Nicholas Manykin-Nevstrueva.

"Kudeyar-Ataman" - wani song game da fashi da sahabbansa - yi tare da wata ƙungiyar mawaƙa cewa waka da Barin bayan kowace aya: "Ya Ubangiji Allah, bari mu yi addu'a, da tsoho riba to kafa Saboda haka Solovki m gaya mana gaskiya Pitirim!".

Wannan dabba, ko da yake bisa rubutu na ba a kare ba waka Nekrasov "Wa Zaune To a Rasha", amma, bi da bi, yana da wani gagarumin na ginin jumla da bambance-bambance. Alal misali, a cikin aikin da mawãƙi ba saka da cewa Kudeyar da Pitirim - wannan shi ne daya da kuma guda mutum, da bambanci ga lyrics.

Bugu da kari, a da yawa Legends da rubutu aiki Kudeyar bayyana a matsayin mai irin bin hakkin da mutane, wanda terminates rayuwar ɗan fashi zama wani alhaji da kuma na zaune a cikin wani shãmaki a cikin dazuzzuka, da kuma Kudeyar-jigo a cikin song ke da Convent domin a yi kafarar da zunubansu.

lyrics yana da dama zažužžukan da masu aikatawa. Mutane da yawa sun ji wannan aikin yi da Evgeniya Dyatlova. A yau shi ne wani ɓangare na sharhin na da yawa namiji Choirs.

Kudeyarova yarjejeniya

A cewar wasu Legends, ta rayu Ataman Kudeyar tare da 'yan fashi a kan bankunan na Seimas, da ake kira Kudeyarova shiri. A wannan labari ake magana a kai Catherine II, wanda a lokacin ya yi tafiya zuwa kudu na Rasha. A daya daga cikin sauran tsaya a nan ba nisa daga wannan shiri Kudeyar saci zinariya karusa na Empress, suka binne shi a tsakanin itatuwan oak uku.

Babu kasa da aka sani Iblis tudun, wanda da yawa kira Shutova dũtse, a kan hanya daga Kozelsk a Lihvina. Wannan wuri ne mai girma wuri, domin shi ne a kan wannan hanya quite sau da yawa ya dauki tafiyar dukiya, wanda suka cikakken manufa domin wani barawo.

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa a nan aka located Kudeyar tsara gina masa mugun ruhu. An yi imani da cewa wannan karfi da wannan rana kare ɓoyayyun dukiyar da fashi, da kuma da dare a cikin wadanda wuraren akwai fatalwa Lyubushi, jigo 'yar, wanda aka la'ane su da kuma kurkuku, da ta mahaifinsa, da waɗannan ƙasashe.

baki Yar

A gaskiya, mun san babban adadin Kudeyarova birane a Kudancin Rasha. Kowane lardi na da tarihi da kuma wuraren da dukiyar da aka boye Kudeyar ƙungiya.

Popular dutsen Black kwazazzabo, wanda aka located in Lipetsk yankin. Its bayãnin hukuncin alama - wani dutse kwance a saman wani bluish launi, wanda aka dauke burbushin doki jigo, ya karbi wannan launi ana babbake ta wuta.

A cewar da yawa Legends, shi ne a nan cewa an located Kudeyarova sansanin soja. A cewar labari, da Don Cossacks, disgruntled zãlunci; Kudeyar da 'yan fashi, ya dauki makamai da su. Lokacin da suka isa sansani, shi ba zai iya kama shi, don haka lazimta a kusa da brushwood da kuma kunna.

Ataman boye duk ganima da kuma bar ya fi so doki mai tsaro. Kuma haka shi ne ba ya canzawa da wuta, sai ya juya ta zuwa dutse.

Ga masu rinjaye na da Sahaban Ataman Kudeyar - manta tarihin, amma ba haka ba da dadewa, wannan ya kasance wata almara adadi, za mu iya ce, Semi-mythical. Kuma ko da a yau, da memory na zauna a cikin sunayen duwãtsu, birane, ravines, kuma da sunan kansa Kudeyar hade da wani daurin boye, na ƙwarai ƙarfi.