Tsoho zinariya tsabar kudi - numismatic darajar

Modern tsabar kudin haraji suke son biya dubban ko ma miliyoyin daloli a wasu lokutta da zinariya tsabar kudin kudi. Da darajar aka ƙaddara ta rarity, shahararsa, tarihi muhimmancin, bayyanar. A mafi darajar daga haraji na duniya yana da wani tsohon zinariya tsabar kudin a daban-daban guises.

tarihi baya

A zamanin da, da aiki da kudi kai dabbõbi, boyewa, nama da sauran kayayyakin, abubuwa na aikin hannu abubuwa. A kadan daga baya a cikin wannan rawa suna amfani da baƙin ƙarfe, da jan karfe, tagulla, da na azurfa, sa'an nan zinariya. A ingots kasance daga daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma samfurori, biyan bashin halitta mai yawa na matsaloli.

A VII-VI karni BC. e. na farko tsabar kudi bayyana. Wannan ƙwarai simplifies kan aiwatar da sayarwa. Barter nace, tsabar kudin lokaci alternated coinless, da baƙin ƙarfe, a wasu kasashe na dogon lokaci mai daraja mafi tsada da azurfa da zinariya. Amma a kan lokaci, da zinariya tsabar kudi tsiwirwirinsu mafi darajar.

A farko m pennies minted daga m karfe. Amma saboda da softness da plasticity, da tsoho zinariya tsabar kudin hanzari rasa ta bayyanar da nauyi. Lokacin da dab da ingots azurfa ko jan fara ƙara inganta inji Properties.

A farko tsabar kudi na zinariya aka yi amfani da zamanin d Misira, tsoho China, Lydian mulki na Ancient Girka, da Roman Empire. A Turai, suka zo a cikin yin amfani a farkon XIII karni. Fitowan na zinariya a cikin Tsohon World an hade tare da ci gaban cinikayya da gabas ta tsakiya, musamman tare da Ottoman Empire.

A farko tsoho zinariya tsabar kudin da aka minted a Florence, kuma yana da sunan "Florin". Bayan da zinariya tsabar kudin fashion yada zuwa wasu birane da kuma kasashe. Bã su da sunaye daban-daban a cikin daban-daban States, kuma ko da a cikin wannan zane da kuma aka maye gurbinsu da su sunayen. Daga yanzu, ba kawai canza ta ainihi - mafi muhimmanci da kudi a duniya.

Canji na Turanci zinariya

Birtaniya "zinariya pennies" The haihuwa ya auku to 1257. Duk da haka, wannan kudi ba zai zama yau da kullum da kuma sosai da sauri bace. Tarihi kiyaye bakwai kofe.

Regular minting tsohon Turanci zinariya tsabar kudin samu a cikin shakka daga cikin shekara ɗari War tare da Faransa majiɓinta. Yana canza ta bayyanar, kudin da darajar a monetary tsarin. Wasu daga cikin tsabar kudi wanzu a guda lamba kuma suna da wani babban darajar da masana tarihi da kuma numismatists.

Chronology na canji da hotuna da kuma sunayen English zinariya kudi

Images na zinariya kudi canza hankali:

• XIV karni: Florin (daidai 6s) daga baya - Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama (80 pence). Su sauri ya fito daga nuna. Very rare da kuma tsada. Florin wanzu ne kawai a triplicate. Popular "Manzon Allah Sallallahu da George" da kuma polnoblya.
• XV karni: Rayol (10s), da Angel (6s 8d). Rare da kuma muhimmanci. Mafi mashahuri Rayol tare da wani fure.
• 1489: Mamallaki (20 shillings).
• XVI karni: Kroon (5s) da kuma kore (20s). "Crohn ta Rose" - mafi muhimmanci da na su.
• XVII karni: wani sarki, ya ke gama (a cikin girmamawa ga ƙungiyar na Ingila da Scotland). kuma a karkashin Charles II - a Guinea.
• 1816: The sama na sarki. Ke bi Collectible kofe.
• XX karni: sarki ya fita daga kudi yawa da kuma wani Collectible tsabar kudin Birtaniya.

Faransa zinariya: haduwar tarihi

Up zuwa 1360 a Faransa amfani livres, dinari guda, Su (azurfa ko tagulla). Fara minting kudi zinariya tsabar kudin da dama a matsayin lokaci na shekara ɗari War. A farko na da "Frank" da aka mai suna a Faransa zinariya tsabar kudin, amma saboda zane fasali (wanda aka nuna sarki a kan dawakai) a cikin mutane ya da aka wa lakabi da "doki Franc." Daga baya akwai kuma "kafa Franc".

A monetary tsarin cewa lokaci ya da wadannan samun digiri: 1 = 1 Franc = 20 livery na Tours salts. Kira kudin lokaci zuwa lokaci da ya bayyana a takaice, sa'an nan ya bace a sake. The French Revolution baya da kudin, kuma ta zauna wani fifiko har yau.

Domin Faransa, a cikin kamar yadda na Ingila, an halin da a saki wannan tsabar kudin a zinariya da azurfa version. Historical canji na bayyanar da sunayen na tsabar kudi ba haka ba ne m, amma canji na epochs nuna kai tsaye a kan kudin.

A Chronology na tarihin Faransa zinariya tsabar kudin

A tarihin zinariya Faransa tsabar kudi kama da wannan:

• XIV-XV karni: Franc. A rare da kuma tsada.
• Karshen XIV-XV karni: zinariya rawanin (livery ne 3). A roko zauna "kananan canji" Franks.
• XVII-XVIII karni: Louis. ECU samar a azurfa m. Darajar kudi epoch Ilimi: Louis 1 ECU = 4 = 24 = 240 livres salts.
• A ƙarshen XVIII karni, Faransa juyin juya halin: dawo da Franc a cikin tsarin na gidan goma kudi tsarin. Aukuwa Napoleons (20 francs), biyu napoleons (40 francs) da kuma polunapoleondora (10 francs). Francs Napoleon Bonaparte kuma ake kira "zakara" ko "Marianne" (a kan obverse da shugaban Marianne, kuma baya - zakara) - wannan shi ne mai matukar muhimmanci da tarin tsabar kudin wayewar. Yana minted har 1914. Yanzu akwai a equating Yuro.
• A ƙarshen XIX karni: Franc. Ya yafi a kan ƙasa na kasashen Turai da dama (Latin lamuni Union).
• A farkon rabin na XX karni: kin amincewa da zinariya tsabar kudin misali. Duk da haka, kudin, da ake kira "Frank", dade har 2002 da kuma gabatarwar Yuro. Yanzu zinariya francs samuwa ne kawai a mai tara kaya ta version.

Spanish zinariya: kananan canji "zolotolikih" bayyanar

Tsohon Spanish zinariya tsabar kudin da aka haife kawai a cikin XVI karni, da ake kira "zinariya escudos." A zama na zinariya tsabar kudin kudi a Spain ne halin da mafi kwanciyar hankali a kwatanta da Faransa da kuma musamman Ingila.

Ke bi escudos an kafa a lokacin sarautar Philip II. Tsabar kudin rabo daular mulkinsu a cikin monetary tsarin ya kamar haka: 1 = 400 PTE maravedi daga baya PTE = 1 Cr = 16 544 maravedi.

Patrimony:

• XVI karni: da escudo da eskudilo, wanda daidaita zuwa rabin escudos.
• XVIII karni: zinariya doubloons (2 escudos).
• A farkon karni na XIX: 1 escudo daidai da 40 reais. Daga baya azurfa escudos dan lokaci shi ne babban kudin. Akwai sabon jan karfe, da tagulla, da azurfa kudi: centimos da pessety.
• A karshen XIX - farkon karni XX: da yawa daga zinariya da azurfa a ƙungiyõyi na 20, 25 da kuma 100 pesset.

Don kwanan wata, a matsayin tarin zinariya kudi a Spain suna samuwa a cikin daban-daban kayayyaki Tarayyar Turai.

Da rabi na jihar - for m kudi

Numismatists saya da kuma tattara wata babbar lamba na fiye ko žasa m tsabar kudi. Tsanani nufi ga mafi m, kuma m ne tsoho tsabar kudi na zinariya. Farashi da su iya bambanta daga 'yan dubun daloli zuwa daruruwan dubbai.

The m kudin da mafi muhimmanci da zinariya tsabar kudin kudi da aka gabatar a tebur.

Domin da uninformed tsabar kudin - kawai fitowa daga wani juya da sayarwa da wajen, da gidan kayan gargajiya farfado, da amo mara sa na tarihi. Kawai a gaskiya m tara za su gaya maka cewa sun rayu rai na duniya, da tarihi na wani musamman kasar, da mutane na musamman epoch. Mene ne wani tikitin zuwa wani kirkirarren lokaci inji, inda za ka iya ganin sarki da sarauniya na na da Faransa, Spanish fashi, da Turanci kotun da matalauta bãyinSa. Wannan su ne wata taska ba kawai abu, amma tarihi, al'adu da kuma ruhaniya. Ancient zinariya tsabar kudin - da mafi numismatic darajar tsakanin haraji.