The duniya muhimmancin da Rasha harshe. Tamanin da zamani Rasha harshen

"Kuma za mu adana ku, Rasha, babban Rasha kalma ..." - wadannan kalmomi na mawãƙi Anny Ahmatovoy, ba ya rasa munasaba ga dama da suka gabata. A ci gaba na kasa da al'adunsu shi ne kai tsaye dogara a kan hali na mutane zuwa ta tarihi. Rasha harshen da ya zo dogon hanya na ci gaba. Yau, tunanin kan abin da na duniya muhimmanci na Rasha harshen, kamar duba a statistics. Fiye da miliyan 250 magana da shi daga ko'ina a duniya - adadi ne fiye da ban sha'awa.

Boko iyakokin manufar "zamani Rasha harshen"

Magana ne game da ba da wani sabon abu, da gaskiya da yin tunãni a kan lokacin da wannan wayewar ta fara. Philologists bayyana maki uku na ra'ayi a kan manufar "zamani Rasha harshe." Saboda haka, shi zai fara:

1. Tun daga zamanin A. S. Pushkina. Babban Rasha mawãƙi, da masu bincike suka yi ĩmãni, ya gabatar da Rasha version na Rasha wallafe-wallafen harshen, wanda duk dadin yau, duk da kasancewar a cikin ƙamus na Alexander historicism da archaisms.
2. Bayan nasarar da juyin juya halin Oktoba. Har 1917, da haruffa da peculiarities na wasika a cikin Rasha harshen ne muhimmanci daban-daban daga yanzu. A karin misalin wannan - harafin "er" ( "b") a karshen wasu kalmomi, wanda a yanzu ake kira da wuya alama.
3. Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet. A karshe biyu shekarun da suka gabata da Rasha harshen fara canza, saboda m fasaha ci gaba. Har ila yau, da gudummawar da wannan kasa da kasa da lambobi - da ƙamus na daya kasar suna amfani da wani. Tamanin da zamani Rasha harshen ne mai girma ga duniya al'umma, don haka ilimin harsuna suna aiki tukuru wajen samar da shi.

Rarraba a duniya

Rasha harshen ya 'yan qasar ga mutane da yawa da suke zaune a yankin ƙasar Rasha, CIS kasashe da kuma kasashen waje, kuma ya dauki a cikin wannan bangare na takwas. Numerically magana, sai ya shiga saman biyar fi na kowa: 260 akwai mutane miliyan a kan shi zuwa ga tunani da yardar kaina da kuma bayyana kansu. Shi ne na biyu ne kawai zuwa Turanci (biliyan 1.5), Sin (1.4 biliyan), Hindi (miliyan 600), Spanish (miliyan 500), da Larabci (350,000,000). Kayayyakin map nuna duniya muhimmancin da Rasha harshen kamar yadda ake magana a cikin kasashen na gabashin Turai, da Baltics da Caucasus, Finland, Jamus, China, Mongolia, Amurka da kuma Australia. A Rasha, shi ya rike da 99,5% na jimlar yawan. Wannan shi ne wani wajen tursasawa adadi idan aka kwatanta da sauran jihohin.

Rasha harshen a cikin yankuna

Dalilin da samuwar yaruka da kuma sociolect sau da yawa ya zama babban yankin na rarraba wani musamman yare. Saboda haka, dangane da Rasha kwarewa wadannan matasan da kuma wanda aka samu harsuna: surzhik (Ukraine), trasianka (Belarus), Russenorsk (Kola Larabawa) kuma da yawa wasu. Yaruka hali na kananan yankunan. A daban-daban kwaminonin ƙamus na iya bambanta muhimmanci.

A} asashen waje (Jamus, Amurka, Isra'ila), kafa dukan Rasha-magana unguwannin, wasu daga wanda akwai quite ware daga sauran. Wannan na faruwa a lokacin da yawan baƙi daga Rasha ya isa ya samar da wata irin al'umma. Saboda da girma sha'awa na kasashen waje jama'a da al'adu na CIS kasashe. Tamanin da Rasha harshen a cikin rãyuwar da Jamus, da Amirkawa, Birtaniya ƙwarai karu.

Memorial rana

Unesco Adam ya iya adana ri, kuma ko iskar al'adunmu na mutane da yawa. Saboda haka, a kowace shekara an yi bikin ranar Fabrairu 21 International Uwar Harshe Day domin da shekaru biyar. Wannan irin abubuwan damar yin tunãni a kan muhimmancin gãdon nasu mutane da kuma isa yabo a cikin duniya fagen fama.

Domin Russia, da ranar haihuwa na Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina zama kusa fiye da 5 da suka wuce, a lokacin da 6 ga watan Yuni aka zayyana a Rãnar da Rasha harshe. Wannan shi ne saboda da invaluable taimako na marubuci a cikin ci gaban al'adu. The duniya muhimmancin da Rasha harshen da aka gane a cikin da yawa fraternal kasashen, don haka wannan rana aka yi bikin a makarantu da kuma jami'o'i na CIS kasashe. A babban taron MDD gini bikin yana tare da m laccoci, fina-finai, gasa na karatu.

Rasha harshen a duniya hadin kai

A halin yanzu, shi ya zama matsala a sami wani na kowa hanyar sadarwa for 250 ƙasashe. Kowane dan kasa da izza ga al'adun gargadiya na jihar da kuma fi son in yi magana kawai yarensu. wannan haduwar an shafe tare da amincewar da ake kira duniya harsuna, da suka hada da Rasha da kuma duniya al'umma. Yau, shi ne hanyar sadarwa a kan talabijin, kamfanonin jiragen sama, cinikayya. Hakika, da bayar da muhimmanci na Rasha harshen saboda gaskiyar cewa akwai miliyoyin mutane magana daga wurare daban-daban a duniya. Kowane mutum mai hankali zai za a girmama su Quote babban tunani Mihaila Vasilevicha Lomonosova, Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo da sauran Rasha marubuta sun ci gaba.

The duniya muhimmancin da Rasha harshen a Figures

A duniya akwai game da 2,000 daga kasashe, kowanne daga abin o ƙarin da za a yi amfani da rayuwar yau da kullum mutuniyarsu harshen. Ga mutane da yawa, da Rasha da harshen da ya zama na biyu mafi muhimmanci ga dalilai da dama. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet da mutane na Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine da Belarus suka ba watsi da Rasha harshen kamar yadda hukuma, don haka shi za'ayi yawa talabijin da rediyo tattaunawa. A filayen da dangantakar kasa da kasa, an yi amfani da masana kimiyya, jami'an diplomasiyan da kuma 'yan siyasa.

Rasha harshen kan daidai da Turanci, Faransanci, Sin, da Larabci kuma Spanish daga cikin shida da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya harsuna. Wannan yana nufin cewa 'yan siyasa daga Rasha da damar ka fa i ra'ayinsu a kasa da kasa taro. The duniya muhimmancin Rasha harshen a duniya ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawan mutanen da suka mallaki su, ya ranked biyar.

Rasha lexicography

Duk wani yare kalma rubuce a cikin ƙamus cewa an kera su da amfani ta kasashen. The darajar Rasha harshen a duniya ne don haka mai girma cewa mutane na duk ƙasashe na sha'awar sani dukan da intricacies, gane darajar sabon kalmomi da maganganu daga kamus, wanda za a iya raba ilimin harshe da kuma encyclopedic. A mafi muhimmanci ne kamus, da farko na wanda ya fito a cikin marigayi 18th karni a shida kundin. Hakika, da shekara da irin wannan wallafe an sabunta a duk shekara. Mafi muhimmanci da yake da Dictionary of Rasha Harshe, da farko version of wadda aka saki a cikin 1863, da kuma makaranta-girma edition da aka saki a 2013. Tunanin a kan abin da muhimmancin da Rasha harshen, ya kamata ka kula da ayyukan kimiyya, da masana ilimin harsuna, saboda abin da harshen da aka inganta da kuma habaka. Multi-girma kamus ƙyale mu mu yi nazarin duk siffofin na imin sautin harshe da kuma orthoepy kamar yadda 'yan asalin kasar Rasha' yan ƙasa da kuma kasashen waje.