The aiki na tunani a matsayin kimiyya da kuma ta wurin a cikin kimiyyar

A halin yanzu, Psychology ne daya daga cikin gaggawa girma da kuma a-bukatar a daban-daban duniyoyin al'umma da kimiyya. Manufofi na tunani a matsayin kimiyya bukatar shi duk da mafi hannu a cikin filin daga m aikace-aikace na ta nasarori.

Babban matakai na raya kasa na m kimiyya ne kamar haka.

1. prescientific (har zuwa VI. BC). All wakilci na rai kawai akan camfin da kuma addini.

2. Research (VI karni BC -. XVIII karni AD.). Karfi da tasiri a tunani na taimaka falsafa. Ya zayyana babban matsaloli na m kimiyya alaka da nazari da kuma ilimi da aiki da rai.

3. Assotsianistichesky (ga XVIII -. N XIX ƙarni ..). Psychology nazarin sani, wanda dogara ne a kan ji da kuma riskarsu.

4. gwajin (Ser XIX -. N XX cc ..). Akwai ya kasance mai methodological kimiyya rikicin.

5. hanya (10-30-ies. A XX-karni.). Kimiyya ne zuwa kashi makarantu da kuma batutuwa: ta bayyana structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt, da dai sauransu taimake psychoanalysis da sauran projective hanyoyin kimiyya ..

6. Humanist (1940-1960-ies.). Da girmamawa da yake ba na ciki duniya da kuma dabi'ar mutum.

7. Modern (na biyu rabin XX a.). Inganta hanyoyin gwaji bincike tunani.

The aiki na tunani a matsayin kimiyya za a iya bayyana a matsayin. Kafin zamani tunani da daraja mai yawa msar tambayar da m matsaloli. Takaitacciyar - nazarin psyche da kuma dokokin da shafi tunanin mutum aiki a ci gaba.

Psychology da karatunsa yawan adadin yankunan da events. Wannan tsari, jihar da mutum Properties daga cikin mutanen da suke da sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na mawuyaci. Da yawa daga cikinsu an riga an yi karatu, kuma da yawa ci gaba da za a tsunduma a cikin kimiyya da tunani a yau. An tsara kwatanta da hade da tara ilmi, da kuma bincika su. Dalilin da kimiyya ne don gano jigon da mamaki ana karatu. ayyuka na tunani a matsayin kimiyya bukatar shi su gane haƙiƙa dangantakar da na halitta da kuma zamantakewa Properties na mutane, da yin nazarin dangantakar nazarin halittu da kuma zamantakewa halaye da kuma determinants a ci gaba. Wannan matsala ne daya daga cikin mafi wuya.

A farkon ta ci gaba, Psychology ya dade a zalla msar tambayar da'a. Yau, da aiki - tsarin kula da rayuwar da magance musamman matsalolin da ake fuskanta ta mutum da kuma al'umma baki daya. Yana dole ne ya zama m kimiyya da cewa shi ne zartar a fagen masana'antu, ilimi, gwamnatin, al'adu, wasanni, magani, da dai sauransu Psychology kamata, shine su magance takamaiman matsaloli a yankunan da yawa, a tsare ta "mutum factor".

Saboda haka, babban aiki na tunani a matsayin kimiyya za a iya takaitashi a matsayin haka: koya wa fahimci ainihin m mamaki, don su gane alamu da koyi yadda za a sarrafa su, don gabatar da ilmi a fannin m aikace-aikace, ƙirƙirar msar tambayar dalilin da al'adar m sabis.

Psychology yau yana bunkasa cikin sauri, taba da kuma hulda a hankali tare da sauran kimiyyar. Don sanin wuri na tunani a tsakanin sauran sciences iya la'akari da shi dangane da dukan hadaddun na tarbiyya da cewa rarraba kan batun, da kuma manufofin raga.

Kimiyya da kanta daukan tsakanin sauran falsafa kimiyyar (na halitta da kuma zamantakewa), wani tsaka-tsaki matsayi, shafi da mutum yankunan. Yana integrates data daga daban-daban sciences, gabatar da wani irin model chelovekoznaniya.

Psychology ne a hankali alaka da kimiyyar yanayin halitta. Shi ya sa m amfani da gwaji dabaru in su gudanar da bincike. Yana da kimiyya da yawa hanyoyin da ilimin kididdiga lissafin da aka ɓullo da. A daya hannun, Psychology - shi ne da al'adu, interwoven tare da dukan ilmi na mutum. BG Ananiev tsare da wuri na tunani a tsakanin sauran sciences matsayin core tsarin na da ilimomin dan Adam.

Hulda da sauran ilimomin da aka nuna a cikin iri-iri na filayen da tunani: tunani na hali (links to Anthropology), mahaukaci cin gaban Psychology, Psychosomatics, pathopsychology (mahada da ilimin halin tababbu), neuropsychology (mahada zuwa Anatomy da kuma neurobiology), psychogenetics (nasaba da jinsi), psycholinguistics (mahada tare da jawabin far), na bincike da kuma laifi Psychology (dangantaka da dokar), da dai sauransu