Son sha'awa da kuma m sani da fahimta a epistemology

A bisa ga al'ada, ilimi ne fahimci matsayin wani tsari na hulda da batun tare da abu, wanda taimaka domin sanin abun ciki na gaskiya - wato, gaskiyar cewa akwai zai iya kasance da zai zama. Alama ce ta al'adun da wannan tsari za a iya daukan wani boka Tiresias adadi na "Odyssey". A cikin nazarin da irin wannan mutum aiki a can ne daya daga cikin babban antinomy: da hulda a tsakanin azanci da kuma m cognition. Babu inda wannan matsala ta bayyana Nietzsche: ya sãɓa wa irin mamaki a matsayin mai ban tausayi da Socratic, Apollonian da Dionysian. Yana kuma bayyana da adawa da Lva Shestova matsayin bambanci tsakanin "Athens" da "Urushalima." Dukan tarihin falsafanci ne Ribar da adawa tsakanin discursive da ilhama, da kuma kokarin hada su a cikin wani abu duka.

Harshe falsafa a mafi yawan lokuta multilayer, sabili da haka a cikin "ma'ana" Ganin kuma "m" ilmi iya bambanta da dama ma'ana. Karkashin rabo tana nufin ma'ana tunani, hade da wasu siffofin, qaddara formulations (Concepts, farillai, ma'anar, axioms). Wannan irin tunani ne sau da yawa analytical, yana amfani da inductive da deductive hanyoyin. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, m view na fahimtar duniya ta jajirce wajen halitta da kuma tsarin zamantakewa, da ya so a hanya na fahimtar da na ra'ayi da kuma discursive, da babban rabo ne mai sa na dabaru da kuma siffofin, wanda su ne ka'idodin kimiyya da bincike. Duk da haka, da zamani falsafa, kamar Feyerabend ya ce akwai da dama iri rationality.

Azanci shine fahimta da kuma siffofi, kamar ji da kuma fahimta na yi, advantageously a hade tare da sabon abu na maldistribution. Daya daga da aka gyara ne m, wanda ya bi da bi ne zuwa kashi Ilhamin dauki zuwa duniya (shi kuma za a iya sanya batun gudanar da bincike) da kuma wasu duhu, m, hankalina antagonistic hasken dake fitowa. Next sume (na karbar) wakiltar wani musamman Sphere, da mamaki daban-daban daga jurewa fahimta. Da farko divined da wanzuwar Leibniz, wanda ya kira shi "duhu riskarsu." Sa'an nan zuwa ga wannan sabon abu da muka juyo da Jamusanci Romantics, cinta shi ne halitta tushen kerawa. A cewar Freud, shi ne mai girma, ya soki sani da karfi da za ka iya kokarin don sarrafa da taimakon psychoanalysis.

Son sha'awa da kuma m ilmi, bincike da kuma fahimtar alaka da bincike da irin wannan ban sha'awa Concepts kamar yadda ilhama. Akwai da yawa iri diraya, wanda zai iya kusanci ma'ana tunani, ko ba ya zo a cikin lamba tare da shi. Akwai m heuristics - shi ne mai irin ilimi, a lõkacin da gaskiya da aka yi wahayi zuwa ga batun ba hankali amma kwatsam, instantaneously. A hanya ta sanin, abin da ke faruwa kamar yadda aka abruptly kira ilimi diraya, da kuma kimiyya m (m) - shi ne wani kashi daga wani m tsarin kula da nazarin matsalar. A gaskiya, shi ne wani nau'i na m ilmi. By diraya, fahimta da kuma m model na fahimtar duniya, wasu fiye da kimiyya, da kuma wani hanya na zama mutum, da kuma ko wani irin dabi'u (daga ra'ayi na Husserl da Scheler, sun gano ba ta da hankali, da kuma a cikin ayyukan soyayya ko kiyayya, misali, idiosyncrasy).

Dangane da lokacin, da wurin mataki, musamman Falsafa, suna ba daban-daban theories barata yadda danganta wa] annan azanci da kuma m cognition. Duk da haka, a general, su za a iya raba uku kungiyoyin - 1) ra'ayi, wanda da shawarar cewa wadannan nau'o'i guda biyu na hankali aiki gaba daya negate juna. 2) ka'idar, ba kawai tsayayya, amma kuma delimiting su ikon yinsa, da kuma 3) koyarwa, kokarin gano guda tushen duka biyu siffofin ilmi, kazalika da zaɓuɓɓuka saboda su hulda da kuma hadewa. Wannan rabo ne ma halayyar da falsafar al'adu, inda muka ga yadda 'yan adawa biyu a cikin sunan rai da ruhu, da kwarewa da kuma tunani, da kuma Eidos logo, nutsuwa da kuma manufar da zuciya da kuma kai, da kuma yunkurin rage su zuwa hada.