SNK - wani sashin jiki na Soviet ikon

Bayan juyin juya hali, da sabon kwaminisanci hukuma ya gina wani ikon tsarin sake. Wannan haƙiƙa, domin canza daga ainihin ikon da ta zamantakewa kafofin. Kamar yadda Lenin da takwarorinsa sun yi nasara, za mu duba a cikin wannan labarin.

Samuwar ikon da tsarin

Ka lura da cewa a cikin farkon matakai na raya kasa na sabon jihar a cikin yanayi na yakin basasa, da Bolsheviks da wasu matsaloli a cikin tsari na kafa gwamnati. A dalilan da wannan sabon abu - biyu haƙiƙa, da na ra'ayin wani. Da fari dai, da yawa al'ummomi a kan aiwatar da yãƙi sau da yawa fadi a karkashin iko da fata. Na biyu, mutane ta amince da sabuwar gwamnatin da aka farko rauni. Kuma mafi muhimmanci, babu wani daga cikin sabuwar gwamnati da shugabannin da babu kwarewa a Public Administration.

Mene ne SNK?

A tsarin da m ikon da aka fiye ko žasa stabilized a lokacin kafuwar Tarayyar Soviet. A jihar a lokacin hukumance gudu da majalisar jama'ar kasar Commissars. SNK - shi ne babban jiki na zartarwa da administrative iko a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. A gaskiya, muna magana ne game da gwamnati. A karkashin wannan sunan dalĩli a hukumance wanzu tun 06.07.1923 har 15.03.1946 shekara. Saboda da rashin yiwuwar gudanar da zaɓuɓɓuka da kuma majalisar dokokin kasar zuwa kira karo na farko da SNK da kuma ayyuka na majalisar dokoki. Ko da wannan al'amari ya gaya mana cewa akwai wani dimokuradiyya ba a cikin Soviet lokaci. Haša zartarwa da kuma yan majalisun dokoki da ikon a hannun daya dalĩli ce game da mulkin kama karya na jam'iyyar.

A tsarin da majalisar jama'ar kasar Commissars

A wannan jiki akwai wata hujja tsarin da matsayi na matsayi. SNK - a collegial jiki da cewa yakan yanke shawara sun hada baki ko da wani Mafi yawan kuri'u a lokacin da tarurruka. Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, a irin zartarwa dalĩli da Tarayyar Soviet a cikin interwar lokaci ne sosai kama da gwamnati na zamani.

Karkashin jagorancin da shugaban na SNK. A shekarar 1923, a hukumance da umarni jihar VI Lenin. A jikin tsarin samar da ofishin shugaban kasar substituents. Akwai 5. A bambanci da zamani tsarin da gwamnati, inda a can ne a farko mataimakin firaminista kuma uku ko hudu na al'ada mataimakin firayin ministan kasar, wannan rabuwa ba a can. Kowace daga cikin mutum substituents dubawa shugabanci na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Sin. Wannan amfani sakamako a kan jiki da kuma halin da ake ciki a kasar, domin a wadannan shekaru (1923 da 1926), da NEP manufofin da aka za'ayi mafi yadda ya kamata.

A da ayyukan, SNK kokarin rufe dukkan sassa na tattalin arziki, da tattalin arziki, kazalika da al'adu. Irin karshe za a iya yi, ta hanyar bincika cikin jerin daga cikin jama'ar kasar Commissariats da Tarayyar Soviet a cikin 1920s:

- Interior.

- a kan aikin noma.

- aiki.

- Mutane na Commissariat tsaron da ake kira "Harkokin Army da Navy".

- kasuwanci da masana'antu yankin.

- jama'a ilimi;

- kudi.

- harkokin waje.

- Mutane na Commissariat shari'a.

- Commissariat, wanda ya alhakin abinci (musamman muhimmanci, bayar da yawan jama'a da abinci).

- Commissariat railroads.

- a kan kasa al'amurran da suka shafi;

- a fagen bugu.

Mafi yawa daga cikin ayyukan da jama'ar kasar Commissars da Tarayyar Soviet, kafa kusan shekaru 100 da suka wuce, shi ne a cikin bukatun da zamani gwamnatoci, da kuma wasu (kamar da ikon yinsa, daga cikin latsa) sa'an nan suka musamman dacewa, domin shi ne kawai ta wajen leaflets da kuma jaridu iya gudanar da farfaganda na gurguzu ideas.

Normative abubuwa SNK

Bayan juyin juya hali, da Soviet hukuma dauki kansu da hakkin ya buga duka biyu talakawa da kuma m takardun. Mene ne ƙaddarãwar SNK? A fahimtar shari'a yanke shawara na hukuma ko collegial jiki, soma karkashin gaggawa halin da ake ciki. A fahimtar jagorancin Tarayyar Soviet littafai - suna da muhimmanci takardun da aza harsashin ginin dangantakar a wasu sassa na kasa rai. Ikon bayar da dokoki na SNK samu ta 1924 kundin tsarin mulki. Bayan karanta kundin tsarin mulkin Tarayyar Soviet a 1936, za mu ga cewa akwai takardu da wannan sunan ne ba da aka ambata. A cikin tarihi daga cikin shahararrun SNK irin littafai: a ƙasa, game da duniya, game da jihar reshe na coci.

A rubutu na karshe pre-yaki tsarin mulki riga ne ba game da dokoki, da dama don en hukunta SNK. SNK rasa majalisu aiki. All ikon a kasar shige da shugabannin jam'iyya.

SNK - a jiki da cewa ya wanzu kafin shekarar 1946. Daga baya an sake masa suna cikin majalisar ministocin kasar da. A tsarin na kungiyar da iko, ya fita a kan takarda, a cikin takarda, a 1936, ya kusan cikakkiyar a wannan lokacin. Amma muna sane da cewa duk da wannan ne kawai ƙa'ida.