Smolny sufi - m halittar m mayen

Duk da yake da rai tsara koya a Soviet makarantu, Smolny Convent, ko kuma kawai "Smolny", shi za a hade tare da V. I. Leninym. Kuma bayan shekaru goma a cikin tarihin wannan gine-gine da gungu na page alaka da 1917-1918 shekaru za su zama cikin haske. Kuma da kwanaki bin wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, mafi ban tausayi. Ba tare da su, da Smolny Convent Rastrelli zai zauna kawai daya daga cikin mutane da yawa manyan ayyukan da m m.

The sunan adireshin

The sosai tarihin asalin na sufi na sunan ne quite ban sha'awa, kazalika da kusan kowane abu a St. Petersburg. wannan yanki shi ne iyakar yankin kafin tasowar arewacin babban birnin kasar. A Spasovschina kauye, nan da nan, da zaran Swedes gina a kan m banki Nienschanz sansanin soja a kan wannan wuri da aka gina a Fort Sabina. Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa - daya daga cikin na farko gine-gine na kunno kai birni-sansanin soja. Yana da aka ga ta bukata da kuma gina da Tar yadi. Sanya ga wani dace sunan makale. Smolny Convent tasowa nan daga baya, kazalika yawan adadin abubuwa a cikin sunan yana dauke da adireshin da kansa wuri da kuma ... wani yanki na tarihi.

The so na Empress - da dokar

A ra'ayin na zargin sufi nasa ne da Empress Elizabeth, wanda gaba dame game da shekaru. Ta so natsuwa, kuma duk da wannan dogara da tabbacin sufi, wanda aka je zama sarauniya na abbess. Amma mai tsanani asceticism na zuhudu hanyar rayuwa ba kunshe a cikin ra'ayi na mai farin ciki tsufa, da kuma Smolny sufi da aka bayar kamar shiga makaranta ga matasa Ladies daga daraja haihuwa. Babu shakka, da sanyin zamansu a tabbace wani daga cikin 120 ƴan. Kowane ciwon raba Apartment da dukan zama dole ayyuka - a irin raba, dadi Apartment. A daidai wannan abbess shi ya zama wani gida a ware.

Cif m na St. Petersburg

A zabi na wuri - wani haraji ga matasa shekaru ciyar a cikin Smolny Palace (na biyu sunan Yankan), a wani irin kurkuku, a umurnin da Anny Ioannovny.

Francesco Rastrelli, ɗan shahararren Charles Rastrelli, a lokacin da aka gudanar da post na shugaba m na St. Petersburg. Ya aka umurce ka gina a Tãshin ¡iyãma Novodevichy Convent. A 1744, da m m ya tsara wani gaba ɗaya sabon version na wani al'ada abu, wanda, tare da kewaye gine-gine ya zama wani sabon abu a cikin coci gine.

The asali m

A mafi muhimmanci bayãnin hukuncin alama shi ne cikakken babu wani dutse shinge. Wannan shi ne wani allusion zuwa gaskiya cewa ma'aikata ba za a rufe sufi, yana ambaton total renunciation na wadanda mutane rai, kuma zai kasance, a maimakon haka, a mafi girma ilimi ma'aikata domin highborn Ladies. A 1748 na farko da dutse aka sa shi. A bikin ya samu halartar da Empress. Rastrelli ta Smolny Convent da aka zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci gine-gine na kasar.

Olden zama ba

Amma mata buri ne maras tabbas. Kuma da Empress nufin dukan more. Kuma a yanzu, a 1849, wani na farko daftarin na redesigns. Na farko, shi rage ga suna fadin size na gida kararrawa hasumiya, wadda Rastrelli 140 mita high kuma a wuce haddi na Bitrus da Bulus belfry. A wani sabon shiri, akwai fasali na tsohon Rasha gidajen lama. A musamman, shi ne yake azurta domes: tsakiya - manyan kuma m - kewaye da hudu karami su.

yi na karni

Wani sabon gungu na Smolny Convent, babban adadin kudi da kuma aiki. A 1754 da batun zo Elizabeth. Abin da ya ga gigice ta sosai cewa ta nan da nan ya kama gigantomania kuma umarci for zũriyarsu jefa mai kararrawa cewa zai yi rivaled da Tsar Bell - ta girma sun yi up 6.5 mita a fadin, kuma dã auna 20,000 fam. Amma da Empress mutu kafin su isa kauri, keɓewarsa. Smolny Convent manta.

manta gudanarda ayyuka

Shekaru biyar da aka ba za'ayi wani aiki. Ba tare da domes da kararrawa hasumiya, ingãtattu hadaddun overgrown tare da duhu Legends. War lalatar taskar, Catherine II, da Rastrelli kawar daga kasuwanci. Domin shekaru goma, daga 1785 zuwa 1795 shekaru, aikin da aka gudanar, to, shi bayar da umarnin rike. Kuma idan shi ya ba taso tare da zuwan sabon Empress Educational Society for girls daga daraja iyalansu, suka yi ya zauna wani wuri, Smolny Convent a St. Petersburg zai zauna unclaimed - akwai zauna kawai 20 nuns.

Da zuwan Paul "daraja 'yan mata" ( "smolyanok" ko, kamar yadda suka kira) fitina ga shirya a kan wõfintattu wuri gwauraye. Babu shakka, akwai irin wannan gine-gine, inda, duk da kyaunsu, wanda zai iya ba zafi a wurin.

zo da mai

Cikakken kammala gina Nicholas I. Yana ci gaba unprecedentedly dogon lokaci - 87 years. Architect V. P. Stasov, ya lashe hamayya, mayar da mayar da babban coci na shekaru uku, da kuma kawai a 1835, da hadaddun aka tsarkake. Ya zama da aka sani da Cathedral dukkan makarantun. Wahayi zuwa gare ta da kyau na waje, wanda shi ne mai Smolny Convent (photo mai shaida), Rasha Masters yi kokarin yin ciki cancanta daga cikin manyan Rastrelli. A zauren aka yi wa ado da marmara ball, crystal balustrade da altarpiece aikin Vasnetsov sanya Smolny Convent musamman baitulmali na Rasha al'adu. Abinda ya taba aka kammala, kararrawa hasumiya, wadda, a ka'ida, da wani tasiri a kan bayyanar da babban coci. Yana da kyau.

A zamanin yau, duk abin da da dama a cikin wurin

Amma in wanzu a cikin wannan matsayi da sufi wa yau ba ba juyin juya hali, bayan da wannan jauhari ko amfani da wani sito. The matalauta yan'uwanmu aka rufe, haƙĩƙa, sun shige daga hannu da hannu. a shekarar 1990 da ginin da ake amfani da wani shagali da kuma nuni zauren.

A farko bayan haka sau da dama da salla faruwa ne kawai a nan a shekarar 2009. Tun 2010, da Smolny Cathedral da ake amfani da manufar da aka nufa - shi ne bude ga ibãdarsu. A shekarar 2011, kusan a bayan shekara ɗari, a cikin Smolny Cathedral da aka gudanar Kirsimeti bauta.