Shuka tushen zone. rarraba yankin, a tsotsa na girma

A wannan labarin, za mu duba a yankunan da tsarin da tushe, wadda ba da damar da shi don gudanar da wani muhimmanci ayyuka a cikin shuka jiki. A ciki halitta na jiki ne daban-daban bayyana bambantawa ta hanyar abin da na hadewa aikin na dukan kwayoyin.

Mene ne tushen

Akidar kira axial karkashin kasa da shuka sashin jiki. Dangane da musamman wuri rarrabe main, a kaikaice da adventitious. Nau'i na farko shi ne mai sauqi ka gane. Babban tushen da shuka ne ko da yaushe guda. Yana zubar a kaikaice. Tare da suke samar da mai core tushen tsarin. Shi ne halayyar ga duk mambobi ne na aji na Dicotyledons, ciki har da tunawa iyali Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Asteraceae, kabeji, Bean, da sauransu. adventitious Tushen tashi tsaye daga tsere. Suna girma masaƙa. Wannan tushen tsarin, wanda ake kira da fibrous da Monocots: hatsi, Albasa, kuma Liliaceae.

tushen aiki

Babban aiki na cikin karkashin kasa jiki ne don inganta shuka a cikin ƙasa domin tabbatar da ruwa da kuma ma'adinai mafita. Amfani da tushen daga ƙasa ya auku sha na nitrogen mahadi, potassium, baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, phosphorus da sauran abubuwa. Wannan tsari shine ake kira ma'adinai abinci mai gina jiki. A sakamakon kayan da aka yi amfani da shuka m kira na gudanar da mahadi.

Akidar da kuma gudun hijira ke yin ayyuka a dangantaka ta kusa. Karkashin kasa jiki na samar da shuka da ruwa da kuma ma'adinai mafita. Sun zo daga tushen zuwa dukkan sassa na shoot. Wannan halin yanzu zuwa gaba abubuwa. Bi da bi, a sakamakon photosynthesis a cikin ganye da kwayoyin abubuwa suna kafa. Su matsawa daga shoot ga tushen, dauke da fitar da downward halin yanzu.

A wasu lokuta, da shuka tushen sashi an modified yin ƙarin ayyuka. Alal misali, a cikin radish, kabeji da beets da karas karkashin kasa jiki thickens zuwa ajiye ajiye abubuwa. A aiwi amfani pritsepok-tushen clinging ga goyon bayan tam. Mutane da yawa parasitic shuke-shuke ba su iya photosynthesize. Abinci irin kwayoyin faruwa na musamman a kudi na tushen tsarin. Wani misali na wannan ya faru a shuka - parasitic dodder. Tushen shi shiga a cikin sel da rundunar kwayoyin, mamaye ta juices.

shuka tushen zone

Idan ka yanke wani boye jiki tare da axis, za mu iya ganin tushen sashi ba tare da wahala. Dukan su suna qware, tare da bayyana hulda halaye na da tsarin da ayyuka. A zones aka shirya a cikin wadannan jerin: tushen hula, da rarraba mikewa, tsotsa gudanar. Riga kawai da sunan, ba za ka iya tsammani wasu daga cikin abubuwa na kyallen takarda an yi su, kuma abin da yake rawar da suka taka a cikin rãyuwar shuka kwayoyin. Mun la'akari da kowanne daga cikin wadannan, a more daki-daki.

tushen hula

Don shiga zurfi a cikin ƙasa, tushen ta kullum girma tip. Wannan aiki ya yi aikin da rabo daga cikin tushen yankin, wanda aka rufe tushen hula. Ya kare da sel da ilimi masana'anta daga inji lalacewa, ya hana lalacewar karkashin kasa Gabar koli a lokacin da shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin ƙasa.

Akidar hula da aka kafa ta dama yadudduka na rayuwa Kwayoyin rufe masana'anta. Su ba uniform a cikin tsarin. Saboda haka, cikin matsanancin Layer na Kwayoyin suna kullum ana halaka a lamba tare da kasar gona barbashi. Saboda haka, da suka bukatar a dawo da. Wannan tsari ya auku saboda cell division ilimi cikin nama. Akidar hula kuma taka rawar da wani "Navigator" ga boye shuka gabobin. Tun da shi yana da ikon gane da karfi na nauyi, wannan sashi ya kira shugabanci na tushen ci gaban a cikin zurfin.

meristem

Wadannan bangare na tushen yake haɗa kan bangaskiya biyu zones: a rarraban kuma mikewa. Saboda wadannan Tsarin ne da za'ayi kara da size. Saboda haka, shi ne ake kira da tushen ci gaban yankin. Abin da siffofin yana da tsarin kowace daga cikinsu?

rarraba tushen zone located bayan tushen hula. An kafa cikakken ilimi zane - meristem, wanda ba fiye da 3 mm. Its kananan Kwayoyin, tam dab da juna, da bakin ciki ganuwar. Wannan sashi yana da wani musamman ikon. A da division kafa sel wani nama. Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga farfadowar na rasa ko lalace sassa na gabobin da wata shuka kwayoyin.

tashin hankali zone

Domin tushen meristem girma zone kara wani cell irin. Suna kullum girma, tsawon kwanakinka, nemowa wani ajali siffar da size. Wannan tashin hankali zone. Its size ma bai isa a kula: kawai 'yan mm. Kara a cikin size, ta Kwayoyin suna tura zurfi da meristem tushen hula. stretch zone kuma kafa ilimi zane. Saboda haka, sel da wani irin za a iya kafa a nan.

tushen tsotsa zone

Wadannan tsarin yana da girma girma, mamaye wani yanki na daga 5 zuwa 20 mm. Wannan shi ne tushen sha yankin. Its main aiki ne zuwa sha ruwa tare da wani bayani na gina jiki daga ƙasa. Wannan tsari ne da za'ayi ta hanyar tushen hairs, wanda suke growths na nama Kwayoyin casing. Su tsawon dabam daga dama millimeters to daya santimita. Wani lokaci, wannan adadi ya wuce girman da Kwayoyin kansu.

Tushen hairs - kullum updated ilimi. Sun rayu har zuwa kwanaki 20, sa'an nan kuma mutuwa. New hairs suna kafa na sel wanda aka located kusa da ci gaban yankin. A cikin sama ɓangare sun Fade. Sabõda haka, shi dai itace cewa tsotsa zone a matsayin tushen ci gaban a cikin ƙasa shanku zurfi.

Tushen hairs suna sauƙin lalace. Saboda haka, a lokacin dashi shuke-shuke shi bada shawarar motsa shi da ƙasa a cikin abin da ya girma a gaban. Wadannan Tsarin ne isasshe da yawa. A daya square millimeter aka kafa daruruwan tushen dankon. Wannan ƙwarai qara tsotsa surface, wanda shi ne dama da ɗari sau mafi girma daga gudun hijira yankin na shuka.

kaikaice tushen

A sashi daga cikin tushen, a kaikaice Tushen, ko, shi ne mafi girma. Wannan sashe, a cikin abin da boye jiki thickens kuma rassan. Akwai kafa a kaikaice tushen da shuka. A sashi na wani tushen hairs, don haka da sha na gina jiki daga kasar gona ba za'ayi. na tushen yanki ne "kai line" daga tsotsa yankin ƙasa ɓangare na shuka.

Features na ciki tsarin

Kamar yadda ka gani, duk tushen zones bambanta bayyananne specialization. Wannan kuma ya shafi ciki tsarin da karkashin kasa da jiki. A gicciye sashe na tushen a cikin tsotsa zone a fili a bayyane dama yadudduka. Waje akwai sutura masana'anta. An wakilta guda Layer na zaune fata Kwayoyin. Sun samar da sabon tushen dankon.

Sanya a karkashin fata ɓawon burodi. Wannan shi ne dama yadudduka na masana'anta. Ta hanyar su matsawa ma'adinai mafita daga tushen hairs ga abubuwa na conductive masana'anta. An ciki axial ɓangare na tushen daukan tsakiyar Silinda. Wannan tsarin ya kunshi tasoshin da kuma sieve shambura, kazalika inji abubuwa da kuma ajiya kyallen takarda. Around da tsakiyar Silinda ne a Layer na ilimi nama Kwayoyin daga wanda a kaikaice Tushen suna kafa.

Hanyar domin kafa tushen tsarin

Ilimi na cikin karkashin kasa jiki tsari da kuma Physiology na shuke-shuke ya dade wani mutum yana amfani da a business aiki. Saboda haka, domin samuwar ƙarin asalinsu, masu tasowa, a cikin farfajiya Layer na kasar gona, shi ne shawarar SPUD rabo da kuma zuba ƙasa da tushe na harbe.

Don ƙara yawan kaikaice tushen da ake amfani da pricking Hanyar. Gudanar da shi a lokacin da transplanting seedlings a bude ƙasa. Saboda wannan, da seedling tsunkule kashe tip na babban tushen, inda dukkan tsarin ya zama mafi branched. Kaikaice Tushen girma, wanda ke nufin cewa shuka gona abinci mai gina jiki shi ne mafi tasiri. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da hilling da swordplay su m adadin tasowa a saman Layer na kasar gona, wanda shi ne mafi m.

Saboda haka, tushen sashi ne daban-daban a cikin tsarin fasali na axial sassan na cikin karkashin kasa shuka gabobin. Dukan su ne sosai na musamman saboda su tsarin fasali. Shin cikin wadannan yankunan: tushen hula, division, girma, hada da mikewa zone da tsotsa kuma rike.