Saimensky tashar. Lake Saimaa. Vyborg Bay. kogin yawacen duniya ta ruwa

Saimaa Canal (map a kasa zai taimaka wa mai karatu ya fahimci tare da location) - a navigable canal tsakanin Gulf of Vyborg (Rasha) da kuma Lake Saimaa (Finland). Bude wannan makaman a 1856. A total tsawon kasance 57,3 km, na da Rasha riko 34 km da kuma Finland - 23,3 km.

Tarihi na halitta

A farko yunkurin connect da Gulf of Finland da kuma Lake Saimaa aka Kanmu a 1500 da kuma 1511 bi da bi gwamnan Vyborg Eric Turesonom Belke. A gaba yunkurin da aka yi a 1600, lokacin da biyu notches aka sanya, amma shi ke nan a kan. Tuni a zamanin mulkin Catherine Mai girma miƙa wani sabon shirin - a matsayin kogin Vuoksi ta haɗu Lake Saimaa to Lake Ladoga, da tsammani ginawa a canal ka kewaye da Imatra. Duk da haka, da muni halin kaka da cewa yana da da za a kashe a kan wannan aikin, sun kai ga amincewa da kawo shirin a cikin kisan. A 1826 a wani taro na birnin kotunan Karelia da Savolax aka yanke shawarar aika deputation na manoma, to St. Petersburg zuwa ga Sarkin sarakuna a gare shi ya yi dangane da Lake District tare da bakin teku birane. Karbar da kuma sauraron wakilai,, Nicholas I umurni da yin zama dole bincike. Duk da haka, da real dukiya ba a samu, dangane da wannan suna da fara ba kwanciya tashar. A gaba da batun tashe Gwamnan Vyborg Agusta ramsay a 1834. A hanya na wannan yanayin ya Sanata L. F. Hartmann (Head of Financial balaguro) da kuma Prince Menshikov. A birnin Vyborg kafa wani kwamiti domin kimanta da kuma shirya da aikin. Domin na farko nazarin mun gayyace sanannun Yaren mutanen Sweden m. A sakamakon haka, aikinsa ya bayyana cewa, a tafkin ruwan ne bisa teku matakin da 256 feet, da kuma kudin da wuraren zai zama miliyan uku rubles. The bukata adadin da aka kasaftawa a installments kan shekaru goma sha biyar.

Saboda haka, a 1845 shiri fara. A cikin aiwatar da Swedish m Nils Eriksson ya sanya wasu inganta a tashar shirin. Da farko, da shugaban na yi kamfanin ya Baron Karl Rosenkampf, wanda sanã'anta da sunan barkwanci "Baron tashoshi." Duk da haka, a 1846, ya mutu, kuma aka maye gurbinsu da Manjo Janar Stjernvall. All aikin gine-gine da aka za'ayi da baitul na Finland. Jimlar kudin da aka 12.4 miliyan Finnish alamomi. A total tsawon na yi - 54,5 mil, da ashirin da takwas mashigar dutse da aka gina a kan wannan sashi.

Mun gina da kuma gina, da kuma karshe gina wani ...

Agusta 26, 1856 ya da grand bude daga cikin ginin. Yana da aka ƙare da sa kambi na Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II. Finland ya yi girman kai daga Saimaa Canal, wanda ya taimaka don samun zuwa cikin hamada yankunan kasar. Ya ba da musamman fara'a ruwan tekun Atlantika kyau na halitta. A kan bankunan na canal tunawa da ãyõyinMu da rubutu da aka kafa a kan Yaren mutanen Sweden da kuma Rasha harsuna, wanda aka jera duk 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da hannu a cikin halittar wannan tsarin. All yi yi a wani sosai asali da kuma m, ba abin da bambanci a matakin alaka ruwa bai gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu, a cikin tashar ne musamman m.

A bude ya faru shekaru hudu a baya fiye da shirya. Wata sifa ta wannan aikin ne low cost da irin wannan babbar adadin aiki. A nan, da wadannan dalilai taka rawar gani: da gaskiya da kuma himma da Finnish manajoji, kazalika da low cost na aiki, saboda akwai yafi shiga fursunoni.

tashar darajar

Saimaa Canal ya na bayar da muhimmanci ga ci gaban da wannan yankin. The yawan Karelia da Savolax karshe warware daga cikin m tattalin arziki dogara a kan m harbors na Lake Ladoga da Gulf of Bothnia (arewacin). Amfanin yin amfani da wannan shiri na iya zama ma fi muhimmanci idan aikin manajoji sun iya kawar da son kai, baki na m ta haraba. Saboda haka, daga tsoron rasa su kenkenewa a cikin harkokin ciniki, da suka rikici da kuma ta hanyar wasu hanyoyi sun tabbatar da cewa da damar da ƙofa ta kasance iyaka. A sakamakon haka, duk tasoshin tafiya ta wannan hanya ya kamata da jiki nisa na ba fiye da bakwai mita. In ba haka ba, duk da dukiya da za a transshipped a Vyborg shige guda bukatun jiragen ruwa. Ta wannan hanyar, da yawa m kamfanonin samar da wani kenkenewa a kan fitar da kaya. Kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, da Saimaa Canal daga Vyborg rasa da yawa na muhimmancin da ci gaban yankin. Duk da haka, daga baya, a lokacin da maimaitawa na wannan gini, da nisa daga ƙofa muhimmanci karu.

Lake Saimaa a cikin pre-neman sauyi Rasha, Yanã shiryar da

A shekara ta 1870 aka gano ta cikin fasinja dogo sabis tsakanin St. Petersburg da kuma Helsinki. Wannan taron da aka sanya samuwa ga jama'a mafi kyau wurare a kudancin Finland. Railway sadarwa ta ba sabon impetus ga ci gaban da Karelian Isthmus, kuma dukan kewaye yankin. Akwai fara fito fili ƙauyuka gina mura da kuma sanatoriums, aza datti hanyoyi cudanya da daban-daban ƙauyuka da kuma Railway. A babbar rawa a cikin sabon ci gaban wannan yankin buga Saimaa Canal. Yanzu, ya bauta ba ne kawai don ci gaban cinikayya. Yawacen duniya ta ruwa sun zama mashahuri a Finland zuwa Lake Saimaa da waterfall Imatra. Saboda haka, wadannan wurare sun fara fada a Rasha adabi da ya bayyana da al'adu Monuments na yankin. A lokaci guda akwai wani adabi da nufin a popularization na bayanai game da yankin da kuma inganta da jan hankali, kazalika da samar da wani sabon hoto. Bayar musamman Yanã shiryar da yake bayani Saimaa Canal da kewayensa. Mafi yawansu ba su dauke da bayanai a kan zirga-zirga hanyoyi, akwatin gidan tashoshin, jadawali, daga jirgi da jiragen kasa, bayanai game da hotels, kazalika da inda ya yi ijara da dawakai, mura da kuma spas, kuma mafi. Duk wannan ya shaida cewa kafin juyin juya hali, bayani game da abu kamar yadda wani gagarumin jan hankali na Finland da aka sosai da aka sani. Journey ta hanyar da Saimaa Canal ya sananne ga waje masu goyon baya.

Kasar rayuwa a kan canal

A farko Villas fara bayyana a nan a lokacin da gine. Channel sassan da suke a hukuma amfani da aka yi wa ado da plantings, shi aiki a matsayin wata kara kuzari ga yin haya na ƙasar domin haya, ko domin gina cottages. Bugu da kari ya halitta kyakkyawa, hutu shahararsa a yankin da gudummawar da kyau sadarwa bayar da mota tasoshin tsunduma a kogin yawacen duniya ta ruwa da kuma wucewa a kan wannan waterway. Kuma nan da nan da m mazauna Vyborg da St. Petersburg, gina up da bakin tekun zuwa tashar Nuyamaa lake. A Ryattiyarvi ya fi na marmari villa na da Rasha ministan harkokin wajen kasar Von Giersu. Yana da aka gina da daya daga cikin injiniyoyin da suka halarci a yi na canal. Mai cottages tsaya daga gare su gine-gine, suka qawata da hasumiya, balconies, sassaka, suka kewaye ta manicured m gidãjen Aljanna da gazebos da Piers. Sunayen gidajen ne romantic, kazalika da su waje fuska, "Runolinna", "Rauhantaranta", "Onnela", "Iloranta" ... Neman dukiya a cikin wannan yankin da aka haka high cewa shi ya zama riba, don gina domin hayar. Saimaa Canal cewa lokaci ne ba kawai shahara Villas, amma kuma manyan kadarori. Mafi shahara daga cikin waɗannan ne sunan Lavola, ya zama na waɗansu HALITTAR Cheseff da aka located a cikin bakin abu. Manor da Villas samar da wani gagarumin gungu, da yanayi a nan ya fun, kasa da kasa. River yawacen duniya ta ruwa, kide, ziyara, kuma yanã tafiya enlivened jama'a rai, shi yayi vacationers mai yawa kwaikwayo da kuma albashi dama ga mazauna yankin. Duk da haka, bayan juyin juya hali na kasar rayuwar shiga ƙi, kuma da shi Saimaa Canal. Tours a kan shi ne ba da sha'awar a Rasha Bohemia.

antitank shingen

Da tsare-tsaren da General Staff na Finnish sojojin a cikin thirties na karshe karni, wannan jiki na ruwa da aka dauke a matsayin yiwu hanyar tsara samar da sojojin. Daidai da shirin sa ran soja mataki su mayar da hankali a kan Karelian Isthmus. Kuma haka ne, a 1939, an lura da cewa, tashar ba zama a cikin wata fama zone a lokacin karin gaggawa hukumar. Shi ne mai kawo cikas ta hanyar mai zurfi tashar. Saboda haka ya yanke shawarar amfani da shi a cikin wani anti-tsaron gida. A sakamakon da aka quite flooded sararin yankunan a yankin na tabkuna da kuma Kyarstila Lyukyulya ventel. A duka yankin na flooded yankunan da shekara talatin da biyar murabba'in kilomita. A cikin tsawon 1941-1944 da tashar a cikin tashin bai shiga.

tanadi kewayawa

Saboda gaskiya cewa yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta kafa tsakanin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Finland, bar Vyborg Bay a cikin ƙasa da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma dubawa tsakanin tashar shiga kashi biyu, ya ƙarshe daina aiki. A postwar zamani domin farfado da navigation ake bukata ba kawai don gudanar da wani da maimaitawa na gine-gine da kuma kayan aiki dilapidated, amma kuma ya isa a tsakanin yarjejeniya a kan yin amfani da wannan ruwa jiki. Domin da farko lokacin da wannan batu ne ya taso a 1948, amma na aikin gwamnatoci tattaunawar fara kawai a 1954. A karkashin yarjejeniyar Tarayyar Soviet bar wani rukuni na Finnish injiniyoyi don nazarin jihar na waterway. Masana sun ƙarasa da cewa kogi tashoshi a kan Soviet ƙasa ne quite dace domin maido da kewayawa a kan su. Duk da haka, aikin a wannan yanki ya fara bayan da goma sha uku shekaru bayan da bangarorin biyu suka zo don su tsai da shawara a cikin haya al'amurran da suka shafi. A shekarar 1968, da gyara da aka kammala. A cikin shakka daga gare shi aka ƙwarai fadada bandwidth damar kulle bẽnãye.

Cruise - The Saimaa Canal

Lappeenranta - dima jiki gari a Finland. A kyawawa na shi ne aka ba da Diet lake, a kan banki abin da ya, da kuma Saimaa Canal. Yawon shakatawa da jirgin ruwa zuwa waɗannan jikuna daga ruwa - kawai abu da janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa daga kasar Rasha. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan shi ne kawai daya a Rasha m waterway ta hanyar abin da jiragen ruwa za su iya tafiya kasashen waje da kamfanoni. Fasinja jiragen ruwa tsunduma a kogin yawacen duniya ta ruwa, dauke da masu yawon shakatawa daga Rasha Federation da Finland. A baya can, bisa ga kwangila na shekarar 1963, fasinjoji zuwanshi daga Finland zuwa kasar mu, suna da hakkin su visa-free shigarwa. Duk da haka, tare da Accession na Jamhuriyar zuwa Turai labarinka Yarjejeniyar, wannan Yarjejeniyar da aka soke. Yanzu, fasinjoji da ake bukata domin samun tafiyarsu. Duk da haka, da suka da ake bukata kawai idan idan jirgin da aka a ƙasar Rasha, misali, an dasa domin su tafiye-tafiye zuwa Vyborg. Idan cruise jirgin fito daga Finland ba sun hada da kai ziyara a Rasha da tashoshin jiragen ruwa, babu visa ake bukata. Alal misali, steamer "Christina Brahe" zai ratsa ta cikin yankin kasar mu, yin flights tsakanin Lappeenranta da Helsinki, kuma Jirgin "Karelia" - tsakanin Vyborg da Lappeenranta.

Yi tafiya a cikin idanu na yawon shakatawa

Wuya su yi tunanin yadda za yawa fiye da shekaru zai šauki kamar cruise flights. Bayan duk, da Finns, wanda son ganin abubuwan da Saimaa Canal, ba da yawa, kuma mu baƙi ko da kasa. Kuma wannan duk da cewa daya Tikitin ne game da talatin Yuro. The tafiya ne daraja da kudi.

Route tsawon ne da arba'in da uku kilomita, amma suka asusu na takwas mashigar. Lokacin da jirgin a kan Saimaa Canal nasara da farko na su - shi ke ban sha'awa. Duk da haka, a kan uku ƙofa farawa girma hangula, kuma ba zai iya jira na takwas, lokacin da ya riga ya kan, amma har yanzu ban sha'awa. Lokacin da jirgin ruwan ya kai iyakar post Nuiyamaa fara dubawa takardun. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, wannan post aka hade - Automobile da ruwa. Idan ka sami kanka a kan wani jirgi a cikin kamfanin na Finnish yawon bude ido, mu shirya domin gaskiyar cewa su sau da yawa hali kamar yawancin Russia: fara shan karfi drinks kafin jirgin ya fita daga masauki na. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido musamman saya tikitin zuwa cruise, bayanin cewa a cikin jirgin akwai wani kantin sayar da "haraji". Idan muka yi la'akari da cewa a Finland da barasa napryazhenka, irin hali ne quite m. A lokacin da janar sha shiryar Kace kokarin zana jama'a da hankali ga labarin na canals, kwa'di da sauran jan hankali. Kuma akwai guda, abin da ya gani - da tashar ne da kyau sosai. Alal misali, a kusa Vyborg gicciyensa wajen high gadoji - dogo da kuma hanya. All kewayawa tsarin gina a kan dutse ginshiƙai da kuma fallasa a kan tsibirin. Part na tashar sassaka a cikin dutse taro, da sauran kashi yana da wani m gangaren yashi rairayin bakin teku tare da boulders. Tare da tashar ke tsiro m gandun daji, wanda a hade tare da kankara siffofin da kyau sosai wuri mai faɗi. A Rasha part gaba daya zaunar, kusa Vyborg har yanzu zo fadin m bukkoki, sa'an nan ne jeji. The kawai m wuri - a kan iyakar yankin inda sawu wuce a Lappeenranta. Quite kishiyar hoto a kan Finnish part: a nan da ƙauyukansu an samu nan da nan bayan da zanga-zanga. A Lappeenranta yankin, kafin kai karshe ƙofa, shi ne babban tashar jiragen ruwa a kan wannan waterway - Saimaa m. Akwai ne da za'ayi loading / saukewa na kaya jiragen ruwa. Lodi su ne mafi yawa daga cikin Rasha gefen - har zuwa biyu ton miliyan a kowace shekara.

lake Saimaa

Lokacin da jirgin ya ci nasara karshe ƙofa, shi samun a cikin Saimaa lake. Abu na farko da kana da ra'ayoyi - shi ne mai matukar manyan ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma takarda niƙa. Our jagora alfahari ya gaya mana cewa akwai fiye da shekaru biyu da rabi da mutane dubu. Wannan ne "mu'ujiza" da wayewa Ganĩma da alama daga yawon shakatawa, yana hana Lappeenranta sami cikakken yawon shakatawa matsayi. Bayan duk, kamfanin, ko da idan an sanye take da zamani magani da wurin, shi ne har yanzu a ton na sharar gida dumps a cikin tafkin ruwa, abin da ya sa shi m ga yin iyo a cikin radius na dama dozin kilomita. Kuma abin da yake mafi ban sha'awa a cikin yawon shakatawa brochures ce kome ba game da gaban da shuka a nan. Amma dai ba duka: a gaban shuka ne confectionery factory, wanda kuma ke sa zuba cikin ƙorama, ba abin mamaki shi ne a cikin yankin na sha'anin ne cikakken rufe da ciyawa. Kuma a nan, Oddly isa, babban yawon shakatawa hadaddun aka located - "Huhtiniemi" - kuma a lokacin rani hotel "Karelia-Park". Kusa da "shinge" tare da alewa factory daraja daya more hadaddun - "Saimaa". Gaskiya, ya dubi wasu maras ban sha'awa, kowa, kamar kawai ci gaba da ninkaya a cikin kananan garuruwa na Soviet-zamanin hotels. Akwai kuma rairayin bakin teku da kuma, da gaskiya, domin ya samu da ruwa, za su yi nasara grassy thickets ko kokarin auku a wani musamman gada, wanda, a hanya, karya a tsakiyar part, amma bayan hutu wani taimako sanya jirgin. Ga wani mafaka!

Lappeenranta

Babban janye ne Lappeenranta Memorial hurumi, wanda aka located a cikin tsakiyar birnin. Nan za ka iya ganin kaburbura na auku sojoji a lokacin da lokaci 1939-1940 da kuma 1941-1944 shekaru. Kuma cewa yana da ban sha'awa, duk da mutum binne, babu 'yar'uwarsu. By da hurumi adjoining da abin tunawa ga sojoji, da kira zuwa ga ƙasa na Karelian Isthmus (yanzu da yankin na Rasha Federation). Yana kunshi sassa biyu - a sassaka da slabs da sunayen ƙauyuka da kuma sunayen da sojoji, ta hanyar, daga gare su akwai kuma Rasha. Musamman mai yawa daga gare su, a cikin mazauni Terijoki (Zelenogorsk). A gaskiya, akwai daina ban sha'awa. Birnin yana da wani zamani look, sosai kiyaye da kullum ana kerata. Babu wani abu da ya yi. A dare, da Lappeenranta barci, duk da shagunan da ake rufe, za ka iya kawai sami kiosks sayar Hamburgers da kuma sauran irin wannan kudin tafiya. A nan, ko da ginin tashar da aka rufe har bakwai da safe. Yawo a cikin komai dare tituna, ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Finns matsayin "rip" a cikin kasar.

Imatra

Wannan gari shi ne kaucewa daban-daban daga Lappeenranta, da tarihi ne da ya fi guntu. Yana da aka kafa a shekarar 1948 da kuma aka located haka kusa da kan iyaka da kasar Rasha da aka kama m cibiyoyin sadarwar salula. Imatra aka located a source Kogin Vuoksi. Babban sha'anin birnin - metallurgical shuka da kuma hydroelectric iko. Duk da haka, sabanin a Lappeenranta a kan tekun na tafkin akwai wata masana'antu wurare. Akwai biyu irin abin tunawa - na farko kwazo da injin turbin, da kuma na biyu - watsa hasumiyarki. Babban yawon shakatawa janye ne wucin gadi Rapids Imatrakoski. Kafin gina samar da wutar lantarki da aka halitta, a cikin pre-neman sauyi sau Rasha bohemian soyayya, ya zo nan, kuma a ji dadin waterfall. Yanzu a nan da ruwa da aka nazari a kan wani jadawalin, wannan zuriya shi ne babban "yawon shakatawa janye" Imatra. Batu na biyu ban sha'awa - a Corona Park, wanda aka located a kan wani tsibirin da ya raba da tsohon gado na Vuoksi da tafki. Bisa shakatawa da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I, wanda ya umarta a sashen kogin da kewaye zauna canzawa. Imatra birni don yawon bude ido ne yafi kyau fiye da Lappeenranta, akwai wani quite zamani hotel, wasanni da kuma mai son kama kifi a gabatar da wani zarafi na ciyar ba za'a iya mantawaba lokacin a kan gaba na Lake Saimaa.

Saimaa Canal: Fishing

Fishing a kan lake m duk shekara zagaye. Babban nau'in kifi - Pike, perch, landlocked kifi, ruwan kasa kifi. Yan unguwa kama kifi ba kamu, duk da cewa roaches an kusan tsalle a kan rairayin bakin teku da kanta, da Finns saboda wasu dalilai da shi ba a yi amfani da abinci. Kama shi da mafi yawa yawon bude ido daga kasar Rasha. A marigayi spring trolling mafi kyau kifi da kifi suna cizon. All shekara zagaye Pike kama. Bugu da kari, akwai mai yawa na burbot, shi sau da yawa kifi trolling da sikẽli. Saboda da manyan size da tafki sanin inda boye kifi, ba haka ba ne mai sauki. Duk da haka, wani gwani masunci zai yaushe komawa zuwa Saimaa tare da mai kyau kama. A yanayi a nan shi ne mai tsabta da kuma sannu a hankali, na taimaka wa pacification, shi ne moriya ga tunani da kuma kallo. Wonderful hutu za a bayar da ku!