Ratan 600: manufar da manufa na aiki

Ratan-600 - mafi girma a rediyo kawo nesa kusa a duniya, located in Karachaevo-Cherkessia. A farko madubi yana da wani diamita na 576 mita, da kuma geometrical eriya yanki ne 15000 ^m2. Kawo nesa kusa da aka tsara don nazarin taurari, rana, yawan taurari, extragalactic abubuwa, na watsi, da kuma sauran dalilai.

Tarihi: Ratan-600

A ra'ayin na gina rediyo kawo nesa kusa a kan tushen da barance S. E. Haykina kuma N. L. Kaydanovskogo muhimmanci ga 50s. Da farko wani matukin jirgi Pulkovo kawo nesa kusa da aka kafa a kan tushen da wanda ya dace da m-profile antennas for sarari bincike da aka tabbatar da haka.

A da Cold War, a lokacin da Amurka da kuma Tarayyar Soviet kishi ƙunci ga matuƙa. Shugabannin wahayi da ƙaddamar da farko da tauraron dan adam, da ake bukata (wa ni'ima daga masana kimiyya) don inganta nasarar da gina babban abu na nazarin sararin samaniya. Sun zama na musamman shida mita azimuthal kawo nesa kusa madubi BTA da Ratan-600. A karshe daftarin soma 18.08.1965 shekara.

By rani na shekara ta 1974, arewacin kansu na reflector an mika da irradiator №1. A farko rediyo tushen PKS 0521-36 aka bincika 12.07.1974 shekara. By farkon 1977, sauran sassa na hadaddun aka gabatar: wani lebur reflector, daga kudanci, gabashi da yammaci sassa.

description

Ratan-600 nesa kusa aka sarrafa ta Special Astrophysical Observatory na Rasha Academy of Sciences (SAO) - da daya kawai a cikin Rasha duniya-aji Observatory. Object siffofi 576-mita madauwari eriya (madauwari reflector) wanda ya kunshi 895 abubuwa. A size of kowane daga cikin karɓa a kashi - 2 m da fadi da kuma 11,4 m high.

Tsargi 15000 m ² eriya kanta daga jimlar area (m ɓangare) daukan kawai 3500 m ^2. A ciki ne rabo wani fili inda radiators aka shirya, da dama na'urorin, samun da kuma nazarin cosmic radiation.

Ratan-600 da aka shigar, wanda shi ne mai ban sha'awa photo, a kudancin karkata daga kauyen Zelenchukskaya (Karachaevo-Cherkessia). The yarjejeniya Observatory, ciki har da dakin gwaje-gwaje gine-gine, zama gine-gine, a makaranta, located a kan bankunan Kogin Great Zelenchuk kusa Nizhne-Arkhyz shiri 9-13 ƙarni.

fasaha halaye

Da kayan aiki amfani Ratan-600 sabuwar kawo nesa kusa zane ka'idodin: altazimutalnaya Dutsen, an budewa kira da kuma sarrafawa surface. Key Features:

• Frequency amsa: 610-30000 MHz.
• Zango zangon: 1-50 cm.
• Daidaito: 1-10 seconds na baka.
• A kusurwa iyakar ƙuduri na 2 baka. sec.
• A ganewa iyaka da haske zazzabi: 0,050 MK.
• Ganewa da iyaka juyi yawa: 0,500 mYanskih.

Godiya ga tawagar da masu bincike da suka samar da kullum inganta wadannan na'urori, da hadaddun ya kasance a key kashi a saka idanu na halittu.

samun Matuka jirgin

Baya da wani madauwari reflector, tattara da kuma maida hankali bayanai (radiation) sanye take da biyar samun Ratan bukkokin. Su suna rubuta na'urorin.

Bukkoki a kan jirgin dandamali, kyale ka ka motsa su su 12 radial hanyoyi. Motsi na samar da nazari abubuwa a daban-daban azimuths tare da wani farar na 30 °.

kimiyya aiki

A Cao aiwatar da fadi da shirin na daban-daban karatu, ciki har da:

• M nazari na hasken rana aiki a cikin rediyo.
• Astrometria tare da iyakance kusurwa resolution (speckle interferometry) binary da mahara mutum star da kuma star tare da Extended atmospheres.
• High Resolution spectroscopy atmospheres da iskõki daban-daban iri taurari (musamman, da hadaddun ya zama wata babbar maroki na ji na Magnetic filayen da taurari).
• Radio kuma Tantancewar spectroscopy na nebulae a cikin da kuma sauran taurari.
• Photometry boko ƙuduri iyaka na relativistic abubuwa (pulsars, black ramukan, da kuma sauran).
• Photometry da spectroscopy na matsakaici da kuma low ƙuduri microquasars, gravitational ruwan tabarau, al'ada da kuma peculiar yawan taurari, mutum taurari a gare su.
• Gina na sarari da kuma kinematic hoto na gida kungiyar na taurari.
• Photometry spectroscopy kuma Tantancewar aka gyara na gamma-kololuwa a cosmological nisa.
• Radiokartirovanie obin na lantarki bango talikai.

Ratan-600 (Zelenchuk) yana da matsayi na wani bude raba kayan aikin. Tare da m Masana ilmin wani gagarumin ɓangare na lura lokacin da aka kasaftawa zuwa kasashen waje abokan aiki, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ga aiwatar da hadin gwiwa ayyukan.

modernization

A tsawon shekaru da Cao shi ya kafa musamman tawagar ilmin Taurari, kayan aiki. Fiye da shekaru goma, masana retool kawo nesa kusa radiation karba tare da high da kullum kara da halaye: ƙwarai, na, na sarari da na boko ƙuduri.

A musamman, sake-sanye take da tuki kayan aiki sakandare irradiators Ratan-600 da kuma gabatar da automated kula da tsarin sakawa irradiators. Wani sabon version na hasken rana na da rabuwa da hadaddun high-definition (SPKVR-2) yanã gudãna daga 2008.

Ga rahoton lura da Sun ɓullo da wani online hanya, wanda ya yi aikin real-lokaci data tarin da kuma bincike. Yana yana da sabis don search da kuma bincike na bayanai, ciki har da kwatantawa tare da bayanai daga sauran kayan bushe, to samu a jere da kuma sauran sigogi na gida kafofin.

Aikin ya ci gaba a kan yin amfani da guda farko feed lokaci cibiyar da cewa ba ka damar "sauke" da farko mayar da hankali da kuma sanya lura a cikin goyon bayan Multi-mita yanayin ( "Octave" aikin irradiators №1 da №3).
Aiki ne a karkashin binciken da kuma saka idanu na waje kutse a cikin UHF band tare da m kammala liyafar hanyoyi domin kariya daga electromagnetic tsangwama radiometers cewa Range.

mai yiwuwa nazari

Cao kula da bincike da shirye-shirye tsara don zubar da haske a kan asirai na sararin samaniya. Daga cikin babban ayyukan:

• Sun Research.
• A tsarin da kinematics na interstellar gas a star kafa yankuna.
• Aiki extragalactic rediyo kafofin.
• Search relativistic jiragen sama a aiki taurari da kuma quasars.
• Bincike na tsarin da kinematics na interstellar gas a star.
• Nazarin a jere na extragalactic proto-abubuwa.
• Cosmological gene.
• Abun Lura a kan Matrix lantarki tsarin Mars-3.
• Multi-zango kallo abu LSI + 61,303.
• A binciken da na jere, kuma canzawa na GPS-kafofin.
• Lokaci daya a jere na BL Lac abubuwa.
• Monitoring microquasars.

abũbuwan amfãni

Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin Rasha kawo nesa kusa masana ware:

• babban yankin nonaberrational filin.
• multifrequency ma'aunai (0,6-35 GHz).
• ya karu ƙuduri.
• ƙaru ƙwarai da haske zazzabi.

A cikin shekaru masu zuwa za su kasance ma fi Ratan: Ma'aikatar Ilimi na Rasha Federation a 2015 ta yanke shawarar ware miliyan 100 rubles ga shigarwa na hannu raka'a. Idan yanzu rediyo kawo nesa kusa su kiyaye abubuwa located in kai tsaye line na gani, sai bayan da inganci za su iya bi da karatu manufa. Wannan shi ne na musamman da damar fadada da ayyuka na cikin hadaddun.

Duk da hadaddun fasaha abu saboda yawan shekaru, Ratan-600 ya ci gaba da zama mafi girma a rediyo kawo nesa kusa a kan square. Gasar shi ne latest Sin hadaddun da FAST pyatisotmetrovoy budewa.