Phyllotaxy wani: bayanin da misalai

Phyllotaxy, ko phyllotaxis - wannan irin makirci, a cikin abin da akwai ganye a kan kara da shuka. Ko da farko duba za ka iya sanin cewa su ba girma a cikin wani m hanya, da kuma wannan ne muhimmanci dalilai.

haske damar

Me ya sa ganye ba su girma a can, "inda kwatankwacinsu?" A dalilin, ba shakka, lighting. A sakamakon juyin halittar form dama iri leaf tsari, wanda samar da iyakar samun kowane takardar haske. Alal misali, da ganyen guda tsire-tsire ba gasa da juna. Matsayin mai mulkin, da jeri juna na ganye hade da shoot koli, nuna da fasali na ta radially. A kwatanta leaf tsari a ilimin halittar jiki yawanci dogara ne a kan yawan ganye da mika daga rai guda kumburi.

makircinsu

A ganye za a iya sanya shi a cikin uku manyan makircinsu, wanda ake kira kamar haka: na yau da kullum, whorled kuma m. Ka tuna sauki: a lokacin da na gaba - daya leaf na daya kumburi, a gaban - biyu zanen gado, yayin da whorled - uku ko fiye (misali, fiye da uku ganye elodea). A karshen - daya daga cikin iri na undistributed tsari hali na herbaceous shuke-shuke. Ganye girma daga daya kumburi da nunawa a kusa da kara ake kira whisk - zobe. Wannan makirci ne halayyar herbaceous shuke-shuke, kamar bedstraw arewacin, Clover, kuma lupine hankãka, yanã ido hudu.

A raba irin phyllotaxis za ka iya taimaka wani kanti cewa ba za a iya rikita batun tare da whorled. Ganye samar da wata rosette tare da daban-daban leaf tsari, idan da kara ne taqaitaccen. Wannan za a iya lura a tsire-tsire kamar agave, Chlorophytum, saxifrage, da sauransu.

a jere

Phyllotaxy wani, ko kuma, kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, karkace nuna ci gaban da ganye, daya ga kowane kumburi. Don gane da kuma tuna irin wannan, kawai dubi itacen oak, ko Birch reshe. A ganye suna shirya alternately a kan tushe a wani karkace.

Matsayin mai mulkin, da ƙananan leaf siffar wuri daura, amma a mafi m shuke-shuke - wani.

gadar hali

A manya harbe Phyllotaxy, na gaba da shi, ko wani irin hanya ne m da asalin leaf primordia. Wannan leafy shuka farkon. Sai ya faru da cewa wasu nau'in phyllotaxis ne ga kowa da kowa shuke-shuke daga cikin wannan iyali. Duk da haka Phyllotaxy iya canza a cikin shakka daga cikin ci gaban da harbe. Petioles ma za a iya lankwasa a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban, don haka da leaf ruwa iya canza wuri. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da ganye suna ko da yaushe neman mafi kyau wuri, inda za su sami matsakaicin adadin haske.

Daga qarshe nesa mai cike da karami ba tare da shading juna tsakanin manyan ganye, forming a ci gaba da rufe takardar. A sabon abu ne da ake kira "leaf mosaic." Yana da damar shuka to sa mafi yawan duk hasken rana, wanda iya samun su cikin ganyayyaki. Wannan yanayin ne ga kowa da kowa iri phyllotaxis, shi ne ba togiya da kuma na gaba Phyllotaxy. Misalai za a ba nana.

Misalai da kaddarorin

Phyllotaxy wani a kan wannan duniya tamu na da yawa shuke-shuke. Kusan duk deciduous itatuwa, girma a tsakiyar Rasha, da wani phyllotaxis, kuma haka suna located ba kawai ganye, amma har da rassan. Wannan oak, Birch, Aspen, tsakanin lambu itatuwa - plum, apple da kuma ceri itatuwa, da kuma shrubs - currants, gooseberries, chokeberry.

Abin sha'awa, akwai biyu ware wa wannan jerin. Property ash - ne location daga sãɓãni. A wannan phyllotaxis YAKE Norway Maple, aka fi sani da Kanad, amma American Maple (ash) ya Phyllotaxy wani.