Petrushka wasan kwaikwayo tarihi da kuma cika. yar tsana-show

An yi imani da cewa haifuwa na zamani yar tsana gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne India da kuma Ancient kasar Sin. Daga baya wannan irin mulkin demokra art da aka jera roving nunawa, watakila Gypsies, a zamanin tsohuwar Girka, da kuma daga can bazu ko'ina Turai. Lokacin da puppeteers bayyana a cikin kasar, shi ba a san, amma Rasha jama'a wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka game da karnuka uku, ya sosai rare daga mutanen da dukan zamanai, kuma azuzuwan.

prehistory

Masu bincike yi imani da cewa akwai 3 iri a Rasha yar tsana gidan wasan kwaikwayo :

• yar tsana, a cikinsa tsana sarrafa yin amfani da zaren.
• Petrushka wasan kwaikwayo - da adadin haruffan, puppeteer jan a yatsunsu.
• haihuwarsa scene - wasan kwaikwayo a cikin abin da tsana tabbatattu kulla wa sanda da kuma motsawa ta cikin slits sanya a cikin wani na musamman akwatin.

A karshen wani zaɓi ya rare kawai a kudancin yankunan na kasar da kuma a Siberia, kuma har da marigayi 19th karni Ƙasa, saboda haduwar yi Figures, an yi amfani da wuya. Saboda haka, da yake magana da Rasha pre-neman sauyi yar tsana shows, sau da yawa da a hankali wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka. Yana samu da sunan da daga babban harafin gaisuwa wasanni, buga fita a kan titi.

Wanda ke faski

Wannan sunan barkwanci samu safar hannu yar tsana, wanda aka yawanci ado har a wani ja shirt, lilin wando da kuma wani peaked hula tare da tassel. Shi ne har yanzu ba gaba ɗaya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ta fuska gargajiyance a haɗe "maras Rasha" fasali. A musamman, ya overly manyan kai da hannuwanku, ruwan kasa fuska, manyan almond-dimbin yawa da idanu da kuma wani waɗansu gwalmõmin hanci. Mafi m, faski bayyanar mai tushe daga gaskiya cewa shi aka halitta a surar na Italian Pulcinella.

Game da yanayin da hali, yana da wani fim din da kuma maketaci wanda ba ya rubuta wani dokokin.

A bayyanar Petrushka

A Rasha, da safar hannu yar tsana da m fasali da kuma mai suna Ivan Ratyutyu bayyana a cikin 17th karni. Duk da haka, mafi yadu used da kuma ta karshe sunan, ta samu ne kawai shekaru 200 baya. Af, faski wakilta a matsayin Petro (wani lokacin Petrovich) vinegar.

Description na wasan kwaikwayo a wani wuri mataki

A 17th karni wakilci aka buga ba tare da wani allo. More daidai, da gargajiya wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka zargin hannu na daya kawai actor cewa tying da bel skirt. Don ta kalmasa aka sewn hoop mafitar wanda ya juya a kira su da wani puppeteer boye daga prying idanu. Ya iya matsawa da makamai da yardar kaina da kuma wakiltar al'amuran tare da sa hannu na biyu haruffa. A wannan yanayin, da kamanci kusan ko da yaushe aiki a jummai da bearish shugaban da amsa kamar yadda wawa ayyuka.

Description na wasan kwaikwayo bayan da tsakiyar karni na 19th

Tun lokacin da 1840s fara yin amfani da wani allo. Yana kunshi uku Frames, da aka stapled da kuma tsaurara chintz. Ta sa a ƙasa, ta ɓoye da puppeteer. M sifa, ba tare da wanda ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka, ya ganga-sashin jiki. Yana sauti touted masu sauraro, da kuma bayan wani allo kamanci sadarwa tare da jama'a ta hanyar mai kwazo fito. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayon, ya iya gudu fita zuwa masu sauraro a wani kwat da wando faski: wani dogon hanci , kuma mai jar hula. A wannan yanayin, da zuciya da sauransu grinder ya zama abokin tarayya, kuma tare suka buga da comic al'amuran.

puppeteers

Wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka, tarihin abin da aka ba cikakken gane, an ɗauke shi wani zalla namiji. A murya na puppeteer wani squeaky da kuma m, ta amfani na musamman fito, fito, wanda aka saka a cikin makogwaro. Bugu da kari, da puppeteer kokarin magana sosai azumi da kuma m dariya kowane a kansa wargi.

mãkirci

Kwaikwaiyo da wasan kwaikwayo (faski ne su main, amma ba kawai gwarzo) sun kyawawan monotonous. Main jigogi: jiyya da kuma horo na aikin soja, wani taro ne da amarya, buying da kuma gwaji na dawakai ne. Mahalli bi juna a wani tsari. A tsawon lokaci na yi ta dogara a kan tsawon lokacin da na masu sauraro bã su da hankali da wannan titi yi.

Yana faruwa a cikin wadannan jerin:

• Faski yanke shawarar da ya saya doki daga Gypsy-profiteer. Ya dade ciniki da mai sayarwa. Sa'an nan wannan aiki damunsa na takaici shi, kuma ya hits Gypsy, wanda ke gudu.
• Faski yayi kokarin hawa a kan wani doki, amma ta dumps shi da ke bayan Baryshnikov, da barin Crafty ƙarya har yanzu.
• A likita zo. Yanã tambaya Petrushka game da rashin lafiya. Sai dai itace cewa a Bugu da kari dubu cututtuka. Dr. faski da yaki, saboda haƙuri kira likita jãhilai. Bully smashes likita truncheon a kai.
• Bayyana kwata kuma ya tambaye faski me ya sa ya kashe likita. Dodger amsa da cewa "bad su kimiyya sani." Sa'an nan, faski beats kulob din kwata kuma ya kashe shi. Resorts kare. Faski ya jũya zuwa ga masu sauraro da kuma tambaya a gare ta taimako. Sa'an nan, ya yi ƙoƙari ya cajole da kare da kuma ya yi alkawarin ciyar da ita cat nama. Kare bace Petrusha hanci da ja baya. A wannan gabatarwa ƙare, da kuma masu sauraro wãtsattsiya.

"Petrushkina Wedding"

Wani lokaci, yawanci a lokacin Carnival da kuma sauran bukukuwa, wasan kwaikwayon a kan buri na jama'a na iya ci gaba da ma ya fi tsayi. Sa'an nan mun taka leda da scene "Wedding Petrushka". Ta labarin da aka babban da kuma frivolous. Petrushka kawo amarya, wanda ya yi nazari a cikin irin wannan hanya kamar dai shi ne wani doki. Bayan ya amince da aure da amarya fara dogon lallashewa "sadakar da kansa" kafin bikin aure. Daga wannan lokaci kan yi kallo aka barin, janye yara. Sauran maza da farincikin saurari datti barkwanci faski.

Akwai kuma wani fage da fada ko magatakarda. Duk da haka, saboda katsalandan dalilai shi ba kunshe a wani daga cikin tarin, inda ayoyin ra'ayoyi tare da faski An rubuta.

"Mutuwa"

Daga cikin haruffa daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo Petrushka shi ma daya mafi daurin boye, wanda ya lashe babban harafin. Yana da aka Mutuwa, wanda bayan fi'ili altercation kwashe tare da faski. Duk da haka, da gwarzo zarar tayar da sauran wurare. Wannan al'amari kuwa shi ne dalilin da cewa wasu masu bincike suka fara samun wata mahada tsakanin faski da kuma allolin arna, wanda ake izuwa mutu kuma farfado da shi nan da can.

Moscow yar tsana sinimomi

Kafin Oktoba juyin juya halin na ci gaba da aiki da al'adu cibiyoyin bai wanzu ba, da kuma wasanni da aka shirya da guda artists a kan tituna ko a bukkoki, ko suka gayyace cikin zaman kansa gidajensu, sai su Miscellaneous baƙi. A farko real yar tsana sinimomi a Moscow ya fara a cikin farkon 1930s. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu yana yiwuwa ya zama mafi girma a duniya. Wannan wasan kwaikwayo. Obraztsov. An located a adireshin: ul. Sadovaya-Nauyi, d. 3. Bayan shi, a game da lokaci guda ya bayyana a cikin babban birnin kasar Moscow yar tsana gidan wasan kwaikwayo, mai ban mamaki halitta domin gabatarwa na yara wallafe-wallafe. Ya yi rangadin kasar da kuma gabatar da masu kallo don sabon ayyuka da Soviet mawallafa, rubuta musamman na ƙaramin tsara.

Daga baya, akwai wasu yar tsana sinimomi a Moscow: "albatross", "Firebird", "Fabulous", "bẽne," da sauransu. A cikinsu za ka iya ganin ba kawai yara wasanni, amma kuma wasanni, musamman tsara don manya.

Yar tsana Wasan Kwaikwayo "Petrushka"

Don adana al'adun Rasha titi wasanni ga yara da kuma manya, Andrey Shavel da kuma zane-zane Valentina Smirnova shirya wani sabon m tawagar. Ya kira Rasha Mutane ta Theater "Petrushka" da kuma fito, a shekarar 1989 a birnin Frezino.

Wasan kwaikwayo shirya gabatarwa zaunanniya minti 30 a kan titi da kuma kokarin ba karkacewa daga gargajiya wakilci na hanyar al'amura farce.

Fitowan na wasan kwaikwayo "Petrushka" ne saboda da bege na ta kafa don adana da mafi kyaun abin da yake a titi taro art na da ƙarni.

A wasanni suna taka leda da kuma a ɗaka. A irin haka ne, masu kallo suna gabatar da tarihin da faski da kuma Rasha farcical wasan kwaikwayo. A ta aiki, da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo amfani da jingina, shi ne ainihin kwafin fuska da kuma tsana da cewa su ne magabata, don nishadantar da masu sauraro a kan titunan biranen Rasha 150-200 shekaru da suka wuce.

Yanzu ka san yadda akwai wani yar tsana Rasha jama'a wasan kwaikwayo. Faski, kuma a yau da sha'awar a cikin yara, don haka tabbata a rage su zuwa wasu play a cikin style of buffoonery.