RPK-74. Kalashnikov na'ura gun (RPK) - 74: halaye. photo

Cold War, wanda ya fara jim kadan bayan yakin duniya na II, ya tilasta Tarayyar Soviet don ci gaba da m cin gaban m hanyoyin fasaha da kuma makamai. A sanannun kai sanar da zanen, Mikhail Kalashnikov ya zama zaunanniyar da babban wahayi ga duk gaba binciken a fagen armaments. Daga cikin abubuwa da ya halitta RPK-74 shi ne daya daga cikin wurare na girmamawa, tare da AK-74, carbine "Saiga" da kuma RPKS.

Kananan makamai a Rasha

Pistols da revolvers fara bayyana a cikin 14th karni. Amma da musamman cigaban kananan makamai a duniya samu a farkon karni na 19th. Da shi shi ne karo na farko akwai ganguna flammable kwantena juyawa drum da rifled ganga.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa kafin juyin juya halin a Rasha ya yafi used waje-sanya makamai. Musamman rare sun iri-iri revolvers da Pistols. A sabis a cikin Gendarmerie, 'yan sanda da kuma ko da sojojin kunshi Birtaniya da kuma Amirka revolvers "Veblen" da "Smith & Wesson". The free sayarwa ga jama'a ma samu revolvers "Sagittarius" - Rasha analogue na Turanci "Velo-Kare". Shi ne ma m m abubuwa kamar "Skif", "Man", "Hero", "Antey" da "Ermak". Wannan kananan Rasha makamai kusan a wata hanya ba, baya ga kasashen waje analogues.

Kuma a cikin 1895, godiya ga umurnin Nicholas II an soma Faransa revolver. A wannan yanayin, domin jami'an aka sayi model tare da dual inji na mataki, yayin da sojoji sun yi amfani da guda revolver.

Bindigogi amfani a lokacin duniya na biyu

Yakin duniya na II sanar da duniya da yawa muhimman darussa, ciki har da makamai tseren. Mutane da yawa amfani a lokacin da model na kananan makamai amfani da daban-daban sojojin da kuma yanzu.

Saboda haka, Rasha da sojojin suka ba kyautata bindigogi Mosin tsarin da Tokarev wanda ake gane matsayin da ya fi sauki ne kuma abin dogara dasu. Da mãsu nauyi makamai amfani da PKK magabata 74 - 41 PTRD (antitank gun), PD (haske na'ura gun) da kuma wani sub-na'ura gun Degtyarev ko Shpagin. Haka kuma an yi amfani da ko'ina PPP da Tokarev bindiga.

Duk wadannan makamai ne halin da saukin amfani, AMINCI da ingancin harbi. Daidai saboda wannan lingering da jini yaki da aka lashe. Harbe-harben iyaka ko da anti-kofe ya fiye da 300 da mita, wanda ba ka damar yaƙi da abokan gaba daga nesa.

Kalashnikov - a manyan developer na post-yaki Tarayyar Soviet

Wannan kai-sanar da zanen shi ne wani sabon abu na Rasha mutane, wanda, ba da ciwon dace da ilimi, ya ya iya fara wani m aiki a matsayin m. Mikhail Kalashnikov ya fara aiki a masana'antu, yana da nisa daga cikin sojojin da bukatun. Sa'an nan, ya ba su da sha'awar a cikin kananan Rasha makamai amfani da sojoji. Duk da haka, bayan da kira zuwa ga yaki, a shekara ta 1938, ya ba zato ba tsammani ya bayyana kansa a matsayin mai kirkiro. Kalashnikov ya ci gaba da yaki domin su mahaifarsa.

Kawai bayan da aka ji rauni Mikhail Kalashnikov aka aika zuwa karatu. Akwai kuma nasara procession na Kalashnikov a matsayin talented zanen. Tuni a shekarar 1946 da ya halitta na almara AK-47, wanda har yanzu haddasa babban girmamawa da kuma kishi na duniya.

A lokacin da ya dade da sosai m rayuwa, Michael T. halitta 33 model iri-iri na makamai, ciki har da kungiyar PKK 74, AKC-74, RPKS-74, da dai sauransu Bugu da kari, ya rubuta fiye da arba'in kimiyya takardunku da articles, kuma ya zama da suka cancanta memba na Union of Writers na littattafai, tunanin.

A farko da ake bukata kafun ga ci gaban da PKK-74

Yana duk fara da baya a 1942, a lokacin da shi ya zama aiki na samar da nasu makamai hadaddun, barin zuwa yãƙi a nesa na kan 400 m. A farko harsasai da aka tsara duniya zane Elizarova da Semin kafin shugaban sojoji. A farko samfurin da aka yi amfani da wani gubar core harsashi yin la'akari 8 g, da kuma dace 7,62 mm. A karkashin irin wannan size aka shirya wajen samar da wani iko da kuma tasiri makami.

A cikin 'yan watanni da wani kwamiti na musamman da ya zaba sabon inji zanen Sudaeva (RPK-74 precursor). Wannan kirkiro halitta da wani sa na m makamai model, godiya ga wanda ya muhimmanci inganta ingancin alkawari. A sabon inji ya karbi lambar sunan AC-44. Duk da haka, a cikin soja filin gwajin da wadannan makamai da aka ƙaryata saboda da babba nauyi na tsarin. A farkon shekarar 1946, m gwaje-gwaje da aka ci.

Tarihi na RPK-74

A cikin yaki for gasar a cikin wannan irin gasar da hannu da kuma Mikhail Kalashnikov. Ya da a wancan lokacin riga da wasu kwarewa a cikin ci gaban kai-loading bindigogi. Ji game da aiki na samar da wani sabon na'ura, sai ya fara bunkasa nasa version.

Bayan wani lokaci da Kalashnikov AK-46 gabatar. Ya aka Kamar dai ka halitta a baya kai-loading bindiga, kama da American Garand M1. Duk da haka, da m gwajin wannan na'ura bada aukuwa Bulkin da Dementieva.

Bayan da gazawar da Michael T. tare da Zaitsev ingantattun model, ta amfani da misali da wani cin nasara bambance-bambancen karatu. Kuma haka dai aka gina almara AK-47, da kuma sa'an nan da PKK a 1961, wanda aka ɓullo da a kan tushen da wani manual na'ura gun Kalashnikov RPK-74. Ya ya za a yi amfani da su yi yaƙi da abokan gaba dakaru.

RPK-74 na'urar

Samar da wata na'ura gun, Kalashnikov aiki don kara da yawa daga bindigar ga mafi alhẽri rufe nasu sojojin raka'a. Saboda haka, wannan bukata da aka kai tsaye nuna a cikin sosai tsarin model.

A general, da na'urar RPK-74 ne ba sosai daban-daban daga da magabata. Ã'a, shi ne suna taimaka da more zamani sassa. Machine kunshi dama babban sassa. Daga gare su, da akwati da kuma wani akwatin tare da wani musamman aron kusa m gas fistan samu inji kuma bawul, gas tube, hannu da dantse, wani shagon da wani ramrod, kuma flash haɗẽwar haushi. Duk da abubuwa ne kamar waɗanda na kama model.

Kafaffen ganga dan kadan ya fi tsayi, kuma mutum fiye da AK-74. Special nadawa bipod saka a ƙasa. Sami gani suna da damar shiga daban-daban deflection gyara. Harbe Machine RPK-74 daga biyun da wake da kuma daga drum store. A lokaci guda saboda da rage lokaci harsashi harbi daidaito inganta da wani factor na 1.5 idan aka kwatanta da baya versions.

fasaha halaye

Ci gaba da kera makamai bukaci mafi alhẽri yi makamai da nauyi, da harbe-harben iyaka da kuma daidaito. Saboda haka, zanen kokarin kara da inganta da raya model.

A cikin arsenal na na'ura gun na Kalashnikov RPK-74 utilizes harsashi na zamo kamar 5,45 mm. Rate na wuta ne 600 akai-akai kowane minti daya. A talakawan jerin gwano tsawon ne 5-7 volleys. A zahiri bayar fama kudi na 150 akai-akai da minti. Sabawa da harbe-harben iya zama daga 5 zuwa 40 cm (dangane da nesa da manufa). Capacity misali mujallar ne 45 akai-akai.

Sighting kewayon model -. About 1000 m Inganci wuta ne a nesa na 300 m a kan kwakwalwa da kuma har zuwa 800 m a kan wani a guje adadi. A wannan yanayin, da iyakar kewayo na wani harsashi kora ne game da 3150 m.

A rarrabe da wannan ci gaba ne da mun gwada low nauyi - da na'ura gun tare da lodi mujallar Tã 5,46 kg, kuma a harbe-harben wuri, kuma, tare da gani - 7,66 kg.

Major gyare-gyare

A Tarayyar Soviet, ko da yaushe ya yi la'akari da wani m iri-iri harbi yanayi. Saboda haka da airsoft RPK-74 ba ka damar amfani da musamman wurin yin aiki yadda ya kamata dare da rana. The wuta za a iya gudanar biyu a aure, kuma a cikin m yanayin. Wannan zai iya ƙwarai inganta da ikon na PKK.

Bugu da kari, a cikin shekaru masu zuwa a kan tushen da wannan model, sabon, ya fi dacewa da inji aka tsara:

• RPK-74N. Wannan shi ne na musamman model for hango dare harbi. A cikin zane gane da yiwuwar installing wani Tantancewar-kori-kura. An kuma halicci PKK da PKK-74P-74M - kyautata tare da karfafa karɓar, nadawa stock da ganga ya karu hanya.
• RPKS-74. Wannan tsari da aka samar na musamman domin saukowa Airborne. Akwai aka aiwatar da ikon ninka da kuma bayyana cikin butt na gun. Domin yin saiti da kuma harbi dare bayar RPKS-74P da RPKS-74N.
• RPK-201 da kuma RPK-203. Wadannan zabin an tsara musamman domin fitarwa zuwa daban-daban na harsashi.

waje da takwarorinsu

Machine gun, ci gaba da Rasha zanen da Kalashnikov, har yanzu shi ne a sabis da fiye da ashirin a} asashen duniya. Wasu Amurka a kan tushen da na'ura gabatar da sabuwar dabara. Alal misali, a {asar Yugoslavia, gyara saki Kalashnikov inji bindigogi da wani nau'i na musamman šaukuwa kantin sayar da rike (model 77V1) da kuma wani bambanci da ƙege ganga (72V1).

Da yawa daga baya a Poland shi ma ya tsara tare da wani musamman gun muzzle na'urar da wani nadawa stock dangane da RPK-74. Halayyar wannan misali zai baka damar ce cewa yana da wani bit baya zuwa samfurin. A Czechoslovakia ma dole gyara wannan musamman na'ura.

Autorun "Valmet-78", da aka saki a Finland, kusan gaba daya mayar da zane na Kalashnikov zane. A bambanci ne a modified tsari da kuma store stock, bipod na'urar, hannu da dantse da kuma hannu. Har ila yau, musamman harshen arrester ne a nan.

Abũbuwan amfãni daga model

Wani lokaci makamai, kazalika da sauran abubuwa da cewa ba ka bukatar ka bayyana duk abũbuwan amfãni, kuma damar. Lokaci da kuma yi yana sanya kome a wurinsa. Guns RPK-74 ya wuce duk yiwu gwaje-gwaje da kuma an gane. Runduna na kasashe da dama sun tabbatar da AMINCI da indispensability a fama. Shi ne kuma ya kamata a lura da wasu daga da rarrabe siffofin da suka gudummawar da girma a shahararsa ta wannan gun:

• Complete daidaituwa da asali AK-47. A Soviet gwamnatin nemi da zanen kaya don ƙirƙirar wani musamman makami tsarin, wanda zai yi dukan abubuwa na karin da kuma maye gurbin. Alal misali, a cikin RPK-74 amfani da wannan harsasai kamar yadda a cikin AK-47.
• Easy tabbatarwa, inji disassembly da kuma gyara. model naúrar ya rudimentary, haka zaka iya kula da shi a kowane lokaci.
• Low nauyi. Tsare gun nauyi ne kawai 5,47 kg. Wannan ƙwarai facilitates da motsi na da sojoji, kazalika da fa] a] a ikon yinsa, daga wannan makami.

Babban disadvantages na model

Ga wasu shortcomings na PKK ne da wadannan:

• Kananan akwati da kaho da drum harsashi. Shi ba zai yiwu su gudanar da wani m da kuma ci gaba da harbi a hari na abokan gaba, sabili da haka ya rage tasiri na fama ayyukan.
• A ganga tsarin ba a cire, kamar yadda a wasu irin gida da kuma kasashen waje na'ura-bindigogi. Yana kuma rinjayar da tsanani da wuta.
• Nasarawa tare da rufe rufe RPK-74. Angle saitin, kazalika da zane fasali ba da damar tasiri amfani da cikakken m wannan makami. Saboda haka, gudu da kuma tsanani da wuta ne tafi.