Pashkov House: tarihi a dutse, sofane ta ƙarni

Zanen Monuments na Moscow domin mutane da yawa ƙarni a matsayin jan gaban Muscovites da baƙi daga birnin. Majestic haikalin da kuma Cathedrals, musamman Kremlin, manyan gidãje da gidan gona gidaje - duk wannan halitta mai ban mamaki dandano, wanda yake shi ne shahara ga Rasha babban birnin kasar. Amma ko da a tsakiyan duk wadannan gine-gine na musamman fara'a da kuma ƙawa tsaye sanannen Pashkov House.

Bisa ga gine-gine da tarihin babban birnin kasar, wannan gini da aka gina a cikin last uku na XVIII karni, mafi m, tare da kai tsaye hallara daga cikin shahararrun m V. Bazhenov. Irin wannan magana ne ba ta hanyar kwatsam: abu ne cewa, bayan da yawa gobara, tawayen da kuma sauran bala'i ne babu takardun game wanda ya gina da Pashkov House a Moscow, bai tsira. Amma wasu Lines a cikin memoirs na Sahaban, da kuma style na ginin kanta ya nuna cewa, an tsara Bazhenov.

Sunan gidan da aka mai suna bayan P. Pashkov, wanda ya zama sananne ga cewa mahaifinsa ya dade aiki a tsanake na Bitrus, mai girma. Wannan ginin kusan nan da nan ya zama wildly rare: ya aka bayyana a cikin zane-zane da kuma kudin sufurin kan sarki, aka bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafe, kusa da shi da kuma an dating a duel.

Pashkov House ne na farko da gini, ban da majami'u da kuma Cathedrals, wanda ya bar facade na Kremlin. Its gine-gine alama shi ne cewa ya yi biyu facades: gaban, wanda yake saukar zuwa Moss Street, da kuma kasa kauri, wanda aka boye a cikin wani tsohon tsakar gida.

Wani gine-gine da zane ya cewa wani m view of Pashkov House ta a lokacin da na duba shi daga nesa. The abu ne cewa, idan ka dubi shi daga gefe, ko Starovagankovsky Moss Lane, shi dai itace cewa ginin da aka located a wani kadan kwana da haka hasarar mutunci da ɗaukaka ta ji.

A farko tsanani gwajin ga halittar Bazhenov ya zama na Moscow da sojojin Faransa a 1812. A lokacin da sanannen wuta ƙone dukan ciki da kuma ginin kanta ya halartar m, halakarwa. Dawo da shi nan da nan bayan da waje yakin da ya shahara gine-ginen O. Bove da IA Taman, da kuma Alexander Na ba kange kudi daga jihar kasafin kudin.

A tsakiyar karni XIX da gidan shige daga zaman kansa hannuwa zuwa jama'a mallaka. Yana housed manya Institute, a dakin motsa jiki, da Rumyantsev Museum. Daidai domin ya sami damar sa a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya shahara zanen da Ivanov "bayyanar Almasihu zuwa ga mutane", kusa da gidan da aka gina da ake kira Hall of Ivanovo, to, wanda aka juya a cikin wani karatu dakin na gidan kayan gargajiya library.

Bayan da Bolsheviks zo iko Pashkov gidan juya zuwa cikin mafi girma a kasar da kuma daya daga cikin mafi girma a] akunan karatu, a duniya. A daidai wannan lokaci da muke ci gaba da inganta da waje bayyanar da ginin, wanda aka tsunduma a irin wannan shahara Masters a matsayin L. Dahl, G. Meyendorff, A. Shchusev da sauransu.

A karshe manyan maimaitawa na ginin da ya faru a 30s na karshe karni, a lõkacin da aka rushe da matsanancin shinge, a kan facade na gashi na makamai da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma ciki gaba daya rasa asalin bayyanar.