Panfilov. Ft Panfilov heroes, a lokacin babban Patriotic War

Tarihi cike yake da jaruntakar shafukan da yakin duniya na biyu. Duk da haka, a kan shekaru 70 da suka wuce tun lokacin da nasarar da aka saukar da wani yawa na zamba, kazalika da bayar da labaru game da yadda wasu events faruwa cewa hanyar shakka a cikin aminci. Daga cikin su feat 28 Panfilov, wanda aka ambata a cikin waƙar yabon Allah na Moscow da kuma wanda sau da yawa ya zama tushen ga alama fim rubutun.

prehistory

A farkon watanni bayan farkon yakin duniya na II a birnin Frunze da Alma-Ata aka kafa 316th dakaru Division, wanda aka sanya umurnin sa'an nan soja commissar na Kirghiz SSR Manjo Janar I. V. Panfilovu. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1945, wannan soja samuwar ya zama wani ɓangare na sojojin, kuma aka directed zuwa gaban kusa Novgorod. Bayan watanni biyu kuma ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Volokolamsk gundumar kuma umurce su da su yi tsaron line mikewa domin 40 km. Panfilov Division sojoji da kullum ci gaba da m fadace-fadace. Kuma kawai a cikin makon da ya gabata a watan Oktoba 1941, an halaka su da kuma kona 80 maƙiyi motocin, kuma maƙiyi jikkata amounted zuwa fiye da 9000 sanda da sojoji.

Division karkashin umurnin Panfilov da a total 2 manyan bindigogi regiments. Bugu da kari, shi ya zama ƙarƙashin daya tank kamfanin. Duk da haka, ɗaya daga cikin dakaru regiments aka m-shirya, kamar yadda kafa jim kadan kafin tashi zuwa gaban. Panfilov, kamar yadda suka daga baya ya kira a cikin Soviet latsa, sun yi tsayayya da uku sulke da kuma daya dakaru rabo daga Wehrmacht. Maqiyan dauki m on 15 Oktoba.

A feat na Panfilov Division of Moscow: version na Soviet lokaci

Daya daga cikin shahararrun Soviet m Legends cewa ya samo asali a cikin Great Patriotic War, ya gaya game da abubuwan da suka faru a jamsin Dubosekovo cewa wai ya faru Nuwamba 16, 1941. Yana fara bayyana a cikin jaridar "Red Star", to zane frontkorra V. Koroteeva. Bisa ga asali source, mutane 28, ciki har da a karo na hudu kamfanin na biyu bataliya na 1075 rajimanti, umarta ta siyasa malami V. Klotchkov, a lokacin da wani 4-hour m yaƙi halakar 18 maƙiyi tankuna. A wannan yanayin, kusan dukkan su aka kashe a wani zalunci yaƙi. A labarin da aka ma ba wata magana cewa, bisa Koroteeva, kafin mutuwarsa, ya ce wani ya da na "Great Rasha, kuma babu inda koma baya - bayan Moscow!"

Ft 28 Panfilov: Labarin wata magudi

A rana bayan na farko da labarin a cikin "Red Star" da aka buga wata kasida da ya wallafa shi A. Yu. Krivitskogo, suna a matsayin "The Alkawari 28 auku heroes," wanda 'yar jarida kira ba kawai a matsayin Panfilov. A feat daga cikin sojojin da kuma ta siyasa da shugaban da aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki, amma da littafin ba ya ambaci sunayen mahalarta a cikin abubuwan da suka faru. Su na farko buga latsa har 22 Janairu, a lõkacin da duk wannan Krivitsky gabatar Panfilov feat a wani kumbura muqala, magana mai shaida daga waɗanda events. Sha'awa, da "Izvestia" ya rubuta game da yakin Volokolamsk mafi 19 Nuwamba da kuma bayar da rahoton duk na 9 halakar da tankunan yaki da 3 ƙone.

A labarin da heroes, a kudin rai kare babban birnin kasar, ya girgiza Soviet mutane da kuma sojojin da suka yi Jihãdi, a duk fronts, da kuma Yammacin Front umurnin da ya shirya wata takarda jawabi ga jama'ar kasar Commissar tsaron, a kan yadda za a sanya cikin 28 jarumi sojoji, ake magana a kai a cikin labari A. Krivitsky da lakabi na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. A sakamakon haka, tuni 21 Yuli 1942 Koli Soviet Presidium hannu a harkar doka.

hukuma daukan hotuna

Tuni a shekarar 1948 shi da aka za'ayi wani m bincike tare da view kafa ko akwai wani feat na 28 Panfilov. Dalilin shi ne cewa shekara da cewa a Kharkov aka kama wani IE Dobrobabin. Shi ya kawo adalci da kalmar "laifin cin amanar kasa", kamar yadda masu bincike daga soja m ofishin samu ba gardama shaida ga nuna cewa a lokacin yaki da yardar mika wuya da kuma shigar da sabis na mamaye. A musamman, an gano cewa tsohon dan sanda a 1941 yana daga cikin 'Battle of siding Dubosekovo. Haka kuma, shi ya juya daga abin da ya kuma Dobrobabin ake magana a kai a cikin labari Krivitsky - wanda kuma wannan mutum, yana kuma posthumously bayar da muƙamin Hero. Cigaba da bincike a yarda su yi la'akari da duk bayyana a cikin articles, wanda aka bayyana Panfilov feat na Moscow, gurbata. A binciken kafa tushen tunani sanya hannu a kan sa'an nan, Babban Mai Shari'a na Tarayyar Soviet G. Safonov, wanda ya gabatar A. A. Zhdanovu Yuni 11, 1948.

Criticism a cikin latsa

sakamakon bincike, tambayar da cewa Panfilov feat a cikin nau'i aka bayyana a cikin wallafe na "Red Star", ya faru ne a gaskiya, bai yi shi a cikin Soviet latsa. Kawai a shekarar 1966 a "New World" ya bayyana farko labarin a kan Nuwamba yãƙi a Dubosekovo. Marubucin kira ga koyi da hujjojin da a kan al'amarin da suke Panfilov, a feat wanda aka bayyana a cikin dukkan littattafan tarihi. Duk da haka, kara ci gaba da wannan batu a cikin Soviet manema bai sami har farkon perestroika, sun kasance idan an declassified dubban Siyasa takardun, ciki har da sakamakon binciken a 1948, gano cewa heroes of Panfilov feat - dai kawai wani wallafe-wallafen almarar.

Inda ya yi da yawan 28

Haske a kan yadda kuma me ya sa a 1941, akwai wani murdiya na facts game da sojojin da Panfilov, sheds wani kwafi na tambaya wakilinmu Koroteeva. A takaice, ya nuna cewa a ranar da ya dawo daga gaba, bayar da bayanai game da yakin 5th Company na 316th dakaru Division, wanda aka kashe a fagen fama, kuma ba surrendering da matsayi, da edita na "Red Star". Ya tambaye shi nawa suka sojoji da Koroteev, wanda ya san cewa shi aka understaffed, ya ce cewa 30-40, ya kara da cewa ya 1075 th dakaru rajimanti ya ba shi, sai yadda za a samu a matsayinsa ya gagara. Bugu da kari, ya ruwaito cewa, bisa ga politdoneseniyu daga rajimanti, sojoji biyu kokarin mika wuya, amma aka harbe ta 'yan'uwansu. Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar zuwa buga lambar 28 da kuma rubuta daya kawai smalodushnichal jirgin saman soja. Saboda haka da labari da almara, "matattu, daya kuma duk, Panfilov", a feat wanda ya rera a cikin Littafin waqoqi da kuma songs.

Relationship don su cuci

Yau sabo jayayya game da ko Panfilov heroes sun. A feat duk da sojoji na 316th dakaru Division, gaskiya cika su wajibi a watan Nuwamba 1941, ba shakka, kazalika da su girma girmansa ne cewa Soviet sojojin ba da damar da invaders zuwa babban birnin na kasar mu. Wani abu shi ne, gaskiyar cewa a cikin awardees wani m, shi ne wani zagi da memory na wadannan heroes da bai hana rayukansu domin kare kanka da kuma babbar nasara, da 70th ranar tunawa da wanda zai yi tasbĩhi da mutãne gabã ɗaya, ba ya sha wahala daga tarihi ɓacin hankali.