Nunin Museum. Pushkin. Nunin na zane-zane a cikin Pushkin Museum

A karshen karni na 19th St. Petersburg Academy of Arts riko da wani hamayya hade da ginin zane ga Museum of Fine Arts. Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III. Wannan ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa da ganin na mafarki na samar a cikin babban birnin kasar na art ilimi ma'aikata na da irin wannan.

fitowan

Duk da yake a cikin Moscow University kasance a hukuma dauke da wani tsoho dabi'u: numismatic tarin, tsoho vases, kawas na zamanin d sculptures da kananan musamman library. Bisa dukkan wannan, kuma akwai gidan kayan gargajiya. A 1889-1890, sashen aka located a farkon na IV Tsvetaeva, an jurewa da wasu canje-canje. Tasowa sculptural sashe da kuma a library. Filastar simintin gyare-gyaren, model, Galvanic saya muhimmanci na musamman. A wannan batun, da Fine Arts Museum an canza kama zuwa horo da kuma ilimi da sauran cibiyoyin gwamnati, guda bincike shirin wanda ya hada da asali saba da ƙarni na tarihi.

Na farko shi ne samuwar na musamman ayyukan taro zane, zanen da sana'o'i. VS Golischev, Rasha masanin kimiyya-orientalist, yana da lafiya tarin sabon abu abubuwa na zamanin d Masar al'adu. Daga baya da ta samu a jihar sa'an nan, godiya ga juriya Tsvetaeva, wuce zuwa Museum (1909-1911 gg.), Wanda zama daidai da kambun da fice dabi'u na zamanin d Gabas.

Wasu connoisseurs da kuma masu na musamman abubuwa da cewa sun sauko mana daga baya, sun gudummawar da kafa da kuma fadada daga cikin ma'aikata. M. S. Schekin, Rasha jami'in diflomasiyyar, da Museum buga abubuwa na ado art 13-15 ƙarni. kuma Italian zanen aiki. Excellent Italian sassaka na goma sha bakwai karni aka bai wa Grand Duchess Elizavetoy Fedorovnoy kuma D. A. Homyakovym, wanda mahaifinsa ya shahara Slavophile. Tarihi AA Bobrinsky bayar da candlesticks, Watches, da sauran misalai na Faransa art simintin. Dan Golenishcheva gabatar da wani tarin graphics na tsohon Rasha da Turai Masters.

FarawaEND_LINK

Opening na Museum of Fine Arts ya hukumance ranar karshe a watan Mayu 1912. Yan baƙi daga cikin bikin da aka Nicholas II da kuma Empress Maria Fedorovna. A farko darektan, wanda directed da gidan kayan gargajiya daga 1911 har mutuwar sa, ya aka nada IV Tsvetaev. Wannan hukuma nan da nan tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa a tsakanin talakawa. Ya kasancewa ya sosai high: up to mutane 800 a weekdays, 2500 - lokacin holidays da kuma karshen mako. The girma na baƙi kunshi malamai da dalibai a manyan makarantu, Higher Darussan for Women, da jama'ar kasar University. A. L. Shanyavskogo, Moscow archaeological Cibiyar. gidan kayan gargajiya al'adunmu ba kare artists da kuma wakilan da limaman. Dalibai zo nan makaranta, da kuma ga wadanda suke so su koyi da al'adu na lokacin can suna shiryar da Tours.

mazauni

Domin shekaru da dama (har 1930) akwai wani canja wuri na yammacin Turai art daga nationalized kadarori a Moscow da kuma daban-daban gidajen tarihi (art da iconography Ostroukhova, Kremlin Historical da kuma cibiyoyin) daga Tretyakov Gallery. Da dama zane-zane da gabatar da hermitage, da kuma raba ka tarin Birnin Leningrad, asusu. Ninka da cibiyar da gallery shi ne aikin da tsohon Western Masters. Ancient Gabas tarin dauke mafi dubban cuneiform Allunan, kuma dubu uku sauran Monuments na cewa lokaci.

canje-canje

A 1932, da ma'aikata da aka sake masa suna kuma da aka ba shi sunan da Jihar Museum of Fine Arts, da kuma shekaru biyar daga baya ya aka bayar da sunan A. S. Pushkina. A lokacin yakin da Jamus mamaye babban ɓangare na tarin aka rufe a Novosibirsk da Solikamsk. A gini kansa ya sha wahala daga bom wuta ya janyo. A 1944, da Pushkin Museum fara warke.

ci gaba

A tsakiyar karni na 20th rufe Jihar Museum of New Yammacin Art (GMNZI). A wannan batun, da tarin An raba tsakanin Moscow da kuma Birnin Leningrad ajiya. Pushkin Museum a bayansa da wasan kwaikwayo (game da 300) da kuma sculptures (a kan 80) ayyukan Masters 19-20 karni, da gabas da nahiyar Amirka. Ya wadãtã tarin graphics da kuma archive. Faransa Post-Impressionist ayyukansu kuma hada sabon nuni. Museum. Pushkin samu su a lokacin da babban birnin kasar haraji. Sun kasance Ivan Morozov kuma S. I. Schukin. Godiya ga wannan shigarwa Pushkin Museum zama mai shi daga cikin Masterpieces, shahara a ko'ina cikin duniya. Ga m talakawa na tarin ne samuwa tun 1953, lokacin da wasu daga cikin ayyukan canjawa wuri zuwa category na dindindin mambobi ne na Art Gallery nuni. Domin shekaru 20 akwai canje-canje a cikin tsarin da duka nuni, sa'an nan mutane ne Mafi iya ji dadin ayyukan da zanen da sassaka daga karshe taron.

A na gaba mataki

Domin 4 shekaru (1949-1953.) Aka gabatar da musamman nuni. Museum. Pushkin nuna wani tarin kyautai ga Stalin. Amma sa'an nan, gyara m nuni buɗe, ana samun lokacinta. Ganuwar da gini ya dauki fiye da 1200 ya nuna, nuna ayyukan da ma'aikata da kuma aro daga cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje tarin. 1955 ya zama wani muhimmin abin tunawa a al'adu rai na babban birnin kasar. A wannan lokaci, wani farɗan mai nuni da zane-zane a cikin Pushkin Museum. A ma'aikata nuna Masterpieces na Dresden Gallery. A lokaci daya da shi ya tsira daga hallaka ta Soviet sojojin. Daga baya tarin aka mayar a cikin ganuwar da ma'aikata karkashin m shiriya na P. D. Korina. An farko canjawa wuri zuwa karkarar Rasha a lokacin yaki art nuni. Museum. Pushkin kiyaye wannan taska. Wannan ya yiwu godiya ga himma da ma'aikatan ofisoshin.

Wurin hutawa Museum. Pushkin. nune-nunen

Modern Pushkin Museum kunshi hudu iri daukan hotuna:

1. sassaka gine-gine hade kawas. Suna da ɗan modified ga jami'a mataki, wanda tsira da Pushkin Museum (Moscow). A nuni hada sculptures na da Near East, tsakiyar zamanai, da Monuments na Italian da kuma Northern Renaissance.
2. Sashe na art da al'adu na zamanin d wayewar a cikin na asali. Har ila yau, a hada su da abubuwa daga tono za'ayi da ma'aikata na ma'aikata.
3. Art gallery 8-20 karni. An wakilta ayyukan da tsohon Turai Masters, Byzantine icons, tsoho mosaics. A lokaci guda ba za ka iya ganin zamani ayyuka da kasa da kasa artists kuma sculptors. Musamman a gina wannan nuni. Museum. Pushkin gabatar da wani lãbãri tsara don nuna lokacin aiki na dukan yanayi dazamani da yayi daga daban-daban makarantu.
4. The Department of sirri collections tattara daban-daban abubuwa da mutunci kiyayewa da shi da hankali ga individuality na kowane haraji.

wayewar

Yau, a wani gini da cewa daukan Pushkin Museum, shi ne mai babbar lamba (670 000) aiki na sassaƙa da kuma zanen, Arts and Crafts, ayyukan hoto art, numismatics da kuma ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, art daukar hoto. Wakilta a cikin ma'aikata da kuma rubutun nuni. Pushkin Museum riko da shirin gaskiya shaida game da tarihin, kimiyya da epistolary gãdon ta kafa, da kuma sauran al'adu da kuma m mutane. Godiya ta zuwa ga nasu bincike da kuma maido bita na Pushkin Museum iya gyara lalace ayyukan art. Ya iya zama alfahari da kuma musamman bincike library, kamar yadda daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin babban birnin kasar. Tun daga shekarar 1991, gidan kayan gargajiya ya mamaye wani wuri a cikin Jihar Register na musamman muhimmanci da abubuwa na al'adu na mutanen Rasha.