Neva: inflows. Major aikin gandu na Neva

A wannan labarin, za mu duba a aikin gandu na Neva. A jerin waɗannan kõguna sunã ne quite muhimmanci. Neva River, wanda yake malala daga cikin tushen da bakinka a lokacin da saba'in da hudu kilomita, kuma ruwanta cika up ashirin da shida aikin gandu. A kan bankunan Kogin Severn tashi birane huɗu. Babban kuma mafi shahara shi ne St. Petersburg. Haka kuma an kira birnin, birnin a kan Neva. Amma akwai wasu manyan, kuma ba sosai populated yankunan. Daga cikin wadannan birane ne Shlisselburg, Kirovsk, Otradnoe. Mene ne ban sha'awa da kuma ko da musamman Neva? Wannan shi ne kawai waterway cewa fãra a cikin rufaffiyar tafki - Lake Ladoga. Kuma shi gudana a cikin Gulf of Finland a cikin Baltic Sea. Babu kasa ban sha'awa shi ne da tarihi na haihuwa na Neva. Daga can za mu fara mu labarin.

A tarihin Neva

Wannan kogin bai bayyana a cikin prehistoric zamanin, kuma da yawa daga baya - kawai 'yan shekara dubu da suka wuce. Da zarar Lake Ladoga ya ba rufaffiyar jiki na ruwa. The ruwa matakin a cikinta akwai ƙananan. The lake empties a cikin kõgi, Mga. Kuma a yankin inda yanzu da yi kalaman Neva gudãna Tosna. Amma sannu a hankali gada ta haɗu Lake Ladoga da Gulf of Finland, ya bi da bi a cikin fadama. The ruwa matakin a cikin tafkin ya tashi da kuma ambaliyar ruwa da kwari Tosna. A tsororuwar wani Ivanovo sashen kogin. A Tosna da Mga juya a cikin aikin gandu na kogin Neva. Yanzu wannan waterway ne wani muhimmin ɓaɓɓake daga White Sea-Baltic Canal. Neva gaske haɗu da arewacin tekuna da babban Rasha kogin - da Volga.

etymology

Amma ga sunan, akwai uku versions na asali. Ancient Finns, wanda ya rayu a cikin Lake Ladoga, Nevo kira shi-teku. Ko saboda manyan size, ko saboda da cewa shi ne da zarar ɓangare na Baltic Sea - yanzu da wuya a ce. Na biyu version dogara ne a kan Finnish kalmar "Neva", wanda fassara a matsayin "fadama". To, da gada da tẽku ya bace a sakamakon siltation. Kuma bankunan na Neva isasshen dausayi, da kuma cewa shi ne babban wahala a gina birnin St. Petersburg. Kuma a karshe, ta uku version. Neva iya samun su sunan daga Swedish kalmar "tsirara", wanda yake nufin "sabon". Amma wannan version alama unconvincing. Bayan duk, da Swedes iya wuya san asalin Lake Ladoga da kogin sunã gudãna daga shi. Neva, wanda aikin gandu - Mga da Tosna - dā m waterways, har yanzu akwai 'yan shekara dubu da suka wuce.

Complex hydrological cibiyar sadarwa

Arewa maso yammacin Rasha - wata ƙasar da dama koguna da tabkuna. Kwaruruka ƙasa, kadan danshin da kuma adalci adadin ruwan sama da taimako zuwa ga gaskiya wannan yankin da aka kafa da yawa sosai rijiyoyin. Idan muka yi nazarin Ladoga pool, za mu iya lissafa shi arba'in da takwas da dubu ɗari uku da kõguna da ashirin da shida da dubu uku da ɗari tabkuna. Da ban sha'awa, ba da shi? Kuma cewa ke ba kirgawa manyan yawan canals, tashoshi da kuma creeks. Wadannan kududdufai ake juna branched cibiyar sadarwa hydrological. Neva kansa, wanda yake shi ne navigable aikin gandu, shi ne babban sufuri jijiya. A ta source, a birnin St. Petersburg, shi ne zuwa kashi da dama rassan, forming yawa tsibirin. Mafi shahara a cikinsu akwai Vasilevsky, Krestovsky, da Decembrists, Petrograd, Rabbit, Stone da Elaginsky. Don teku-faruwa tasoshin iya tafi m tare da Neva River, Arewa Venice (wanda kuma aka sani a matsayin St. Petersburg) gina drawbridges. Daya daga cikinsu - da Palace - shi ne mai hallmark birnin.

Neva: bar aikin gandu

A kogin garwaya da ruwa ashirin da shida jijiyoyi. La'akari da farko mãsu gudãna a cikin shi daga gefen hagu. Yana Tosna, Mga, Slavyanka, Izhora, Black River, nutse, Monastyrka, Murzinka da Emelyanovka. Paradoxically, wadannan inflows kan Neva. Kuma wasu ma ya fi tsayi. Saboda haka, Mga tsawon casa'in da uku kilomita. Ko kafin haihuwar ta bakin Neva ya Ladoga. Yanzu Mga ne na halitta iyaka da Kirov da Tosno gundumomi. A kogi ne m ga masoya na ruwa yawon shakatawa. Wani babbar hagu tributary da Neva, Tosna, yana da tsawon 121 kilometer. A kan bankunan na kogin arziki a cikin kifi suna located ƙauyuka Otradnoe da Nikolskoye. Izhora a cikin sunan tserar da memory na al'umma da cewa da zarar ya rayu a kan ta bankuna. Slavyanka gudana a cikin Gatchina gundumar. A ta mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Neva tsaye da kyau birnin Pavlovsk. Black River (duk da haka shi ne ake kira Volkovka) fitowa kai tsaye a St. Petersburg. Its mahaɗar tsakãninsu ne kawai biyu kilomita daga bakin babban kogin.

Major aikin gandu na Neva Dama

A wannan jerin, bisa ga tsawon na gubar Ohta. A tsawon kogin ne game da ɗaya da ɗari kilomita. Okhta gudana a cikin Neva River a yankin na Petrozavodsk. A karo na farko da wannan kogin da aka ambata a cikin Novgorod farko Chronicle, dating daga farkon karni na sha hudu. Har ya zuwa farkon karni na ashirin, Ohta ya da wata halitta iyaka tsakanin St. Petersburg da kuma Shlisselburg kananan hukumomi. Ta hanyar wannan dogon kogin spanned goma sha biyar da gadoji. A kudu maso gabas na St. Petersburg a Neva River gudana a cikin Duck. Sunan a cikin wannan shida-kilometer kogin bayyana kwanan nan: a cikin karni na sha tara a kan ta bankuna sun kasance wasu shuke-shuke kasuwa Utkin. Sauran kasa gagarumin aikin gandu ne Dubrovka, Gluharka, Chernavka da kõguna hadayu, mara Suna da Murinsky.

kogin jan hankali

Neva kanta, ta aikin gandu da canals ne sosai picturesque. St. Petersburg sun fi mayar gare ta kyakkyawa da m dutse embankment openwork gadoji. Tourist jan hankali a St. Petersburg ne a tafiyar jirgin ruwa a kan ta hannayen riga: Fontanka, Moika, buckles, Kronverkskiy Channel, Griboyedov Canal, Kryukov, da-izinin tafiya, Sea. A Birnin Leningrad yankin a cikin wannan Tranquil majestic kogin tsaye wani tsoho castle goro. Yana da aka gina a 1323. A farkon rabin karni na sha takwas aka gina shi Ladoga Canal, wanda ta haɗu da lake zuwa kogin Volkhov. Pavlovsk - wani gari tare da mai kyau fada da shakatawa gungu - daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali a cikin kusanci da St. Petersburg. Idan ka yi tafiya har da Neva River, za ka iya sha'awan gina a 1832, da gada a kan kyakkyawan ginshikan da dutse hudu gidajen ƙofa, gina a 1836.