Independent sassa na magana

A darajõji a Rasha harshen da kalmar raba kome. Sashe na magana ne m da morphological fasali, ayyuka da kuma lexical syntactic darajar.

Abun da ke ciki an kafa duk lokacin, yayin da masu tasowa Rasha nahawu. A halin yanzu mataki ne ware m sassa na magana (notional) da sabis. Dabam dauke interjections, modal kalmomi kuma onomatopoeic.

Independent bangare na jawabin (a cikin wasu kafofin suna kuma kira a matsayin notional) nuna abubuwa, yawa, Properties, mataki, quality, yanayin. Bã su da wani nau'in ma'anar da lexical. Bugu da kari, sun yi wani syntactic aiki a cikin jumla, da yake magana da babban ko sakandare memba.

Zaman kanta da tambaya kunshi bakwai ragowa da kalmomi: adadi, da sunan wani siffa da wani suna, fi'ili, wakilin suna, yar bab, da kuma yanayin category. Ba su iya canza halittarsa ta hanyar da dama wajen. Wannan ikon ne halayyar kawai na manufofi, sunaye, numerals, kuma fi'ilai kuma magana da. Category jihar (babu lokaci, hakuri Rad) da kuma adverbs ba wajen kafa daban-daban siffofi. Da ban da wani kananan ingantaccen adverbs, wanda suke iya haifar da wani mataki na kwatanta.

A cikin category na jihar (ko da predicate) ya zauna a keɓe, kamar yadda ta saki ne ba duk grammars. Yana yi karo na farko V. V. Vinogradov kuma L. V. Scherba. Kuma fahimtar da predicate yana kunkuntar da kuma m. A cikin farko case, to category na jihar hada da kawai ne ga waɗanda kalmomi da suke a cikin m jumla (ma a inda da babba lokaci da aka bayyana, ta hanyar wani tushen fi'ili) wasa a syntactic rawar da predicate: m, sanyi, da wuya a gane, ba za mu iya yi shiru, sau daya, za mu iya yarda, damp, zafi . A karo na biyu idan da jihar category hada da dukan maganar da ba fi'ilai, amma yi a matsayin predicate: ba za ka iya, kawai dama, ya kamata, murna zamar masa dole, zai iya, a shirye.

Nau'in siffofin predicative: amfani tare da wani gungu na darajar da matsayi. A cikin hali na kunkuntar fahimtar nan da aka kara da immutability na kalma.

Akwai yawa adabi, wanda quite rinjawarwa substantiated hisabi category matsayi da sassa na magana. A gaskiya ma, saboda akwai a cikin harshen kalmomi da suke ba fi'ili, da kuma parses da aiki na predicate fi'ilai. Wasu masana ilimin harsuna ra'ayi category matsayi dangantaka tare da aiki neglagolnyh kalma siffofin a jumla. Amma, duk da haka, wannan batu shi ne har yanzu matsala da ya rage bude.

Soma rarraba sassa na magana ba za a iya zaci su zama m, kamar yadda harshe yake sau da yawa a mika mulki Alamu daga wani sashi na jawabin zuwa wani. Duk da haka, ba duka kalmomi iya yi shi da yardar kaina. Wasu m sassa na jawabin ƙara motsi zuwa wasu m, akalla - a cikin ofishin. Alal misali, adverbs iya tafi a cikin category na prepositions: game da, a kusa. A sunaye akwai darajar magana da: The abu (da shi) ya kasance a cikin fall. Gerunds wuce a prepositions da adverbs: ko da yake, godiya ga zaune shiru tsaye. sunaye ne sau da yawa wani ɓangare na wani hadadden ƙawance barbashi prepositions: wargi, domin, yayin da, da sauransu.

Sassa na magana a cikin harshen Turanci, kazalika da a Rasha, zuwa kashi notional (notional, m) da kuma sabis. Tsohon kuma sun hada da kalmomi da suke da cikakken lexical ma'ana, shi ne ya bayar da mambobi da kuma kira da mataki, da ãyõyinMu, kuma abubuwa. English Grammar bi da su yar bab, fi'ili, wakilin suna da siffa, suna da adadi.