Na'ura gun Goryunova: siffofin da kuma hoto

7.62mm Goryunov (SG-43) ne a Soviet na'ura gun kananan atomatik makami samfurin 1943 saka a kan wheeled inji, swivels da sulke da motocin.

Abin da zai iya maye gurbin "Maxim"?

By farkon yakin duniya na II matsalar da makamai na dakaru support bataliya matakin - na'ura gun - aka ba warwaresu. "Maxim" tsaye a kan makamai na Red Army da wani yawan gagarumin shortcomings, don shawo kan cewa ba zai yiwu ba. Babban daya ya m nauyi na'ura gun - .. tsare, watau cika da ruwa da kuma caje, da nauyi ya 63 kg. Kada ƙara ruwa sanyaya wurare da kuma "Maxim", don haka yadda za a sami ruwa a fagen yaƙi ne sau da yawa wuya, idan ba zai yiwu ba. Bugu da kari, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa da harsasai suna sauƙin lalace casing, haddasa shi unusable.

Harufan da tsare-tsaren don maye gurbin da wata na'ura gun "Maxim" DS-39 model aiwatar da aka ba, t. Don. Weapon aka wuya a samar da aiki, unreliable a low yanayin zafi da kuma kura. A sakamakon haka, da DC-39 da aka janye daga kasuwar.

gyara SHG

A May 1942, ya fara samar da sabon tsarin karkashin gun 7.62 mm harsashi. Akwai m SHG, wanda a 1940 nasarar wuce gwajin a factory.

Goryunov na'ura gun da aka ɓullo da a Kovrov Mechanical Shuka Peter Maksimovich Goryunov, dan dan'uwansa Michael, kazalika da master Vasiliem Voronkovym shuka. A farko haruffa na Surnames - SHG - kuma aka mai suna makamai.

Amma Red Army bukaci easel zaɓi kuma Goryunov gun daidaita sabuwar šawainiya.

nasara gwaje-gwaje

Bayan kammala factory gwaje-gwaje a karshen 1942 an kyautata version aka sanya a cikin adadin 50 guda, 45 na wanda aka aiko zuwa ga runduna. A sakamakon kuma tabbatar da positive. Bayan cire comments da kuma gano ƙarara a cikin marigayi spring of 1943 gun Goryunov ya halarci jihar gwaji. Babban gasa na SHG aka kyautata DC-43, kazalika da makamai, kerarre a Jamus, a matsayin wani zaɓi na tsanani gyare-gyare na Jamus MG-34 gidajen for da Mosin bindiga tare da m tallafi ta Red Army. Duk da haka, ya bayyana cewa Soviet bindiga harsashi amfani da shi ba zai iya zama saboda gaban na lebe. Na'ura gun Goryunova wuce akai-akai kama samfurori da kuma LT-43 domin irin wannan m sigogi kamar yadda karko da kuma daidaito.

Bayan yin matsahi na saba da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje Degtyaryov Stalin da kaina tabbatar da magabaci daga cikin model Goryunov, da kuma bukatar daukan shi a kan jirgin. Bugu da kari, da zanen Ya halitta a gasa ga wani sabon inji, wanda ya fara da za a samar da sabon makami.

Fara na samarwa

14.05.43, jihar Tsaro kwamitin yanke ya dauko Goryunova gun (photo ba a cikin labarin) tare da dabaran na'ura. Domin ta samar a Kovrov inji shuka for biyu da rabi watanni, mai raba sashen da aka gina. A kaka 1943 rukunin farko na makaman da aka za'ayi, da kuma shekara ta gaba, da batun da aka fadada damar Zlatoust shuka №54.

A lokaci guda, developers da kuma Garanin Seleznev tsara wani sauki wheeled inji, miƙa mafi kyau yi a lõkacin da aiki a wuya yanayi.

A cikin duka, har zuwa karshen yaki shi da aka samar da tsĩrar fiye da 80 dubu Red Army bindigogi Goryunov.

manufa na aiki

A samar da makamashi gun propellant gas amfani, da tashar kasaftawa daga brainstem. Tarewa karshe sanya wani dama-hannun ƙofar misalignment.

A lokacin da harbe-harben da ya kwarara daga propellant gas da aka partially a juyar da ta kara bude a cikin gas jam'iyya da kuma presses a kan fistan wanda retracts tsawar m. da rufe ba ya motsa har zuwa lokacin da harsashi fita, tarewa da akwati da kuma hana shigar azzakari cikin farji na gas a cikin akwatin.

Bayan wani harsashi tashi daga ganga, da sassa masu motsi na na'ura gun ci gaba da matsawa da baya da baya, compressing da spring. Sai rufe kara ke buɗe tashar. An cirewa daga cikin masallãci shafi. Ammonium wadata na karfe ko zane bel shiga cikin akwati akwatin taga. Daga shi ne fitad da harsashi. Tare da nunin inji auku a cikin kintinkiri feed harsashi mai karɓar tare da wani hinged murfi, accelerating overcharging.

Idan da ƙugiya an matse rufe, ƙofar frame karkashin spring rushes gaba ba tare da rage a cikin rearmost matsayi. Rufe Firaministan harsashi daga cikin taga akwatin da kuma kara za a aika da shi a cikin ɗakin. Motsi sassa isa iyaka matsayi. bawul kara tubalan da tashar. A babba protrusion na aron kusa yana da wani dan wasan, samar da daidaitacce harbi da annabi. Sa'an nan aiwatar an maimaita.

Recharge rike protrudes daga ƙarƙashinsa da iko sanda da kuma lokacin da harbi da ya rage na kullum.

Daidaitawa atomatik makamai da za'ayi a uku-matsayin gas kayyadewa. Iska sanyaya 500 damar don samar da ci gaba da harbi Shots. A al'ada mode, harbi da aka yi a takaice bursts up to 30 Shots. Goryunova na'ura gun SG-43 na da harbe-harben kudi na 250-300 akai-akai / minti daya. M ganga da flash hider yana da wani rike da ta sa shi sauki da wani sashe da kuma maye, wanda ba ya wuce 7-8.

Ammonium wadata

Shooting aka yi ta harsasai arr. 1908 da kuma 1930., Wanne riƙe da tsayawa ikon duk jirgin lokaci a nesa na 3800 m. A makamashi na karfe harsashi a 1908 ne daidai da 3511 J kuma 1930 a matsayin 3776 J. Meals sanya daga karfe qwarai 250 harsashi (5 x 50 ) rubuta DS-39 ko zane daga "Maxim" 200 inji mai kwakwalwa. da dama wadata. Ko da yake wani babban feed kudi ne, wani lokacin tare da wani mai gangara karya liners, da suka faru da yawa kasa akai-akai fiye da na'ura gun Degtyarev.

shiriya tsarin

Gani SG-43 sun hada da bulala tashi da kuma jefa gani. A karshen hada da wani tushe matsa ga dukan frame, kuma tare da spring. A cikin firam biyu ma'aunan suna amfani. Hagu tsara don harsashi da harsasai a 1908 da kuma ba ka damar kafa da nisa zuwa 2 thous. M. kaddamarda da harafin "L" da lambobin 0-20. Dama sikelin ne ga wani harsashi harsashi da Mr kuma 1930 damar zuwa kafa da nisa zuwa 2.3 dubu. M. Alamtacce da harafin "T" da kuma lambobin 0-23. A kan al'amudin amfani hadarin. Don shigar da raya na matsa a garesu daga cikin manyan kasada ne alama ta biyar ƙungiyoyin kaikaice gyara. Daya lamba yayi dace dubbai kewayo.

Na'ura gun Goryunova tsarin da aka calibrated da harbe-harben da trimmed zuwa 4th kwance line k manufa, kazalika da baki murabba'i mai dari size 20x30 cm a kan garkuwa fari 1x1 m. Kewayon haka saita zuwa 100 m, wurin da aka saka a kan hagu sikelin 3 da kuma harsashi suna amfani da wani haske harsashi.

anti-aircraft gani

Manufofi a cikin iska ake kula via kara sa zuwa "Gorunov" Zenith-hada kai crosshair, lasafta a kan iska abubuwa a nesa na ba fiye da 1 kilometer, wanda motsa a gudun ba wucewa 600 km / h. A wurin yana gaba da raya viewfinders da tushe. A gaban da aka sanya up ta hudu concentric zobba na radius na 20-80 mm a increments na 20 mm, da manufar wanda yake da zabi na pre-emption. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin cibiyar da shi yana mai gani zobe abin da hidima ga saitin da kuma tara. A na baya da aka yi sama da ball dunƙule da kuma kulle k tsayawar. A rarrabe ingancin wurin ne shigarwa na biyu reticles a kan frame, a haɗa su a cikin guda tsarin da yake bayar da da haƙuri da ta saitin: shi za a iya maimaita cire, folded da kuma shigar ba tare da damun da saituna.

Yi amfani da fama

Goryunov na'ura gun shiga sabis a cikin bazara na 1943. A dakaru battalions na makami samu a cikin farkon bazara na wannan shekara. Yana da aka yi amfani da su buga da bude kungiyoyin na sojoji da kuma makamai na maƙiyi wuta a nisa har zuwa 1 km.

Nasarar "Goryunov" a fada da lokaci na ƙarshe da yaki saboda da haske nauyi: shi ne 6.5 kg wuta fiye da "Maxim", a kan crawler inji - 25 kg.

Bayan yakin duniya na II na'ura gun aka kyautata da sake masa suna SGM (da "M" - sabunta hanyoyin). An inganta kare tsarin daga turɓãya, kuma kwantar da ganga, da kuma wani sabon ƙofar aka shigar. Akwai wani tanki bambance-bambancen SGMT.

key Features

Babban sigogi gun ne:

• Weight: 13.5 kg.
• Machine nauyi: 23,4 kg.
• Length: 1140 mm.
• Ganga tsawon: 720 mm.
• Da harbe-harben range (L / T): 2000/2300 m.
• Muzzle gudu (L / T) X 865/800 m / s.
• Rate na wuta: 700 akai-akai / min
• Rate: max. 350 akai-akai / min.

SG-43 da aka fitar dashi yadu, don baiwa lasisi zuwa tsirar da shi a kasashe da dama. A kasar Sin "Gorunov" da aka samar a karkashin sunan Type 53, Czechoslovakia - biyu Vz 43, Poland (Wz 43) da kuma a Afirka ta Kudu (SS-77).