Na da Castle na Vyborg tarihi, adireshin, Festival

Feel free to rufe wannan page idan ka ba su da sha'awar a na da castle, da kuma bude na kwa'di. Vyborg - mai ban mamaki birnin da yafi ban sha'awa topic. Akwai da yawa jan hankali, ciki har da tsoho sansanin soja. Shi ke nan game da shi, mu yi magana a yau.

A Birnin Leningrad yankin ne wannan jin dadi gari da cewa riko da wani labari da asiri. Vyborg Castle za a iya kira da zuciya daga cikin birnin. Yana wanzu tun da kafuwar. Bayan karanta wannan labarin, lalle zã ku so ziyarci Vyborg.

Museum Castle, kamar birnin kanta, Ribar da ruhu na tsakiyar zamanai. Za mu magana game da tarihi, kazalika da halin da Museum da bukukuwa da aka gudanar a nan. Kungiya al'amurran da suka shafi ma suna da muhimmanci ga waɗanda suka yanke shawarar ziyartar Vyborg (castle). Bude sa'o'i na gidan kayan gargajiya, ta adireshin da zabin kamar yadda za ka iya samun to shi, shi ma za a dauke. A hotuna gabatar a wannan labarin zai taimake ka ka samu a cikin ruhu na tsakiyar zamanai.

Samun zuwa birnin

Tambayar farko da cewa taso a wadanda suke shirin tafiya, wadannan: "Ina castle na Vyborg (Vyborg), da yadda za a kai shi?" Akwai da dama zaɓuɓɓuka saboda kowanne daga abin da muka bayyana dabam.

A farko zaɓi ne don samun zuwa ga birnin da kuma ziyarci Vyborg Castle, - dauki wani yawon shakatawa. A wannan yanayin, ba ka bukatar zuwa tunani game da yadda za a shirya a hanya. A daya-rana bas yawon shakatawa na St. Petersburg kudin game 1300-1500 rubles (ga fansho, makaranta da dalibai - 1150-1350). Motocin akai-akai tashi daga tituna Duma (Metro tashar "Nevsky Prospect"). Balaguro din yawanci hada da ziyartar wurin shakatawa MonRepos kuma kulle, kazalika da yawo a tsohon birnin.

Zabi na biyu - in je nan da mota. Daga St. Petersburg hanya zai yi game da 1.5 hours, amma akwai damar samun cikin wuraren da cunkoso.

Wani zabin - bas. Daga cikin "Parnassus" Metro tashar inda suka je sau daya a cikin rabin awa (hanya lambar 850), da kuma ta "Devyatkino" - lokacin 1.5 hours. The tafiya lokaci ne 'yan sa'o'i. A tikitin zai kudin ka kadan fiye da 200 rubles.

Za ka iya amfani da dogo. Tazara tashi commuter jirgin kasa ne game da sa'o'i biyu, da kuma tikitin farashin - game da 300 rubles. Akwai azumi jiragen kasa, da hanya zuwa wanda an rage zuwa awa daya ( "Ki haɗiye" da "Allegro"). Dukan su tashi daga Finland Station.

Zaka kuma iya iyo a kan wani jirgin ruwan ko yacht kai tsaye zuwa ga castle. Hakika, nasu jirgin ne ba a duk, amma shi za a iya takalman. Akwai da dama na bada shawarwari ga kudin, hanya da yawan mutane a Vyborg da St. Petersburg.

A hanya zuwa ga castle

Bari mu magana game da yadda za a samu ga castle a Vyborg jirgin / tashar jirgin (af, tashar bas ne kusa da shi, don haka wannan hanya ya dace, kuma da waɗanda suka zo da bas). Da farko, kana bukatar ka shigar da Leningrad Avenue (daga jirgin / tashar jirgin zuwa dama). Ku mike - kuma ka sami kanka a cikin kyakkyawan ra'ayoyi na ruwan. Summer mike daga wani marmaro na ruwa. Da ciwon kadan more, za ka ga a kan bar wani babban yanki. Yana sau da yawa sayar da dama tsarabobi (a zahiri, da sunan yayi magana don kansa - Market Square). A nan ne sanannen zagaye hasumiya, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin gine-gine na Vyborg. Duk da haka, za mu ba zauna a nan dogon. A mataki na farko ne zuwa ziyarci castle.

Ba da da ewa ba za ka lura da doguwar hasumiya, da kan wanda za ku shiryu. Ka lura cewa ba mu bukatar da farko da na biyu gada (Castle), don haka na farko kana bukatar ka je. Mai newlyweds auku a kan sansanin soja Bridge, haka nan za ka ga mai yawa kwa'di.

Saboda haka muka samu karshe a Castle Island, inda muka bayar da sosai daban-daban duniya. Idan ba ka samun shagaltar da photographing da admiring da birnin, da hanya ne 1.5 km dogon za ta dauki kimanin minti 20.

Tarihi na castle

Wajibi ne a ce a lokaci daya cewa Vyborg Castle - da daya kawai a kasar, wani abin tunawa daga gine na Turai tsakiyar zamanai, an kiyaye su don mu kwana. A tarihin ta yi farawa a 1293. An yi imani da cewa shi aka sa'an nan kafa kansa Vyborg.

Castle a Vyborg tarihi

Foundation na birni ya faru a lokacin Uku jihadi, da Swedes suka shirya don mallakar yayin Novgorod Karelian ƙasar. A lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe, Marshal Torkel Knutsson, sa'an nan mai mulkin Sweden, kama Yammacin Karelia. A shagaltar da ƙasa, ya yi umurni da gina wani karfi sansanin soja, wanda a wannan ranar ne girman kai na Vyborg. A na da castle gina a shafin, wanda a baya ya kasance da Karelian-Novgorod garu. Marshall ci shi da yaƙi, bayan da Swedes fara gina kagara.

Tun daga nan, Torkel Knutsson dauke da kafa birnin na Vyborg da Vyborg Castle. Ba abin mamaki ba da nisa daga karshe, a kan yankin na Old Town Hall, shi ne wani gini. Duk da haka, dole ne a ce cewa wasu masana tarihi sun jefa shakka a kan sirri hannu na Marshal a yaƙin neman zaɓe, ko da yake ya shirya wani balaguro zuwa Karelia.

A Swedes sun zaba wurin domin sansanin soja sosai: tudun tsibirin, dutse dutsen. Insularity kuma tsiraru da tabbatar da samuwar wani ruwa Hazard, don haka ba za ka iya tono wani tsanya. Ga na gaba shekaru 400, da castle zama karfi na Vyborg Swedes hukunci kan Karelian Isthmus. Ya kayen a kan dabarun da soja muhimmancin kawai Stockholm, kuma ya yi a kan wani par da Kalmar Castle.

A etymology na sunan "Vyborg"

Hakazalika, shi ba a san game da etymology na sunan birnin da sansanin soja. "Vyborg", bisa ga asali versions - wani "sansanin soja a cikin yankin Gulf" ko "mai tsarki sansanin soja". Shi ne latest version ne ya fi kowa, kamar yadda a cikin wasi King Birger ce game da gina Haikali girmama Allah da kuma albarka Virgin.

A rukunin farko na yi

A lokaci na farko na gina Vyborg Castle kunshi kusurwoyi, rufe dukan kewaye da dutsen na tsibirin. A tsakiyar garun wani m square hasumiya kaya St. Olav (hoton sama). Ta aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa Olaf II - daya daga cikin mafi girmama tsarkaka a Scandinavia, da Norwegian sarki, Baptist da kuma jirgin saman soja da kafirci. Wannan hasumiya da aka a wata hanya da alaka da ganuwar da sansanin soja. A da kurkuku, a tsaye kadai a cikin cibiyar. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan kurkuku a lokacin shi ne mafi girma a cikin dukan na Scandinavia. A cikin ginshiki na hasumiyar St. Olaf kiyaye fursuna da kuma adana kayayyaki, da kuma hawa na biyu ne da dakuna na gwamnan da ayarinsa. A nan ne da Swedish sarki zauna a lokacin da ya kai ziyara a birnin.

Archaeological tono sun nuna cewa kauri daga cikin ganuwar da Hasumiyar St. Olaf ya 4 mita da kuma Vyborg sansanin soja - 1.5-2 mita. Hinged katako gallery gudu tare da kewaye da sansanin soja bango (abin da ake kira fama tafi ko sintiri hanyar). A kan tudun da tsibirin, kare da wadannan katangu, da kuma kafa na farko gina a Vyborg. A birni ta yawan girma da sauri, da kuma Castle na tsibirin ya kasance bai isa ba. Vyborg haye zuwa babban yankin zuwa Cape, located a gabashin tudu da matsatsiyar.

Ƙoƙarin dawo birnin

Novgorod kokarin kama da castle kuma a sake samu batattu ƙasa a 1294 da kuma 1322, amma wadannan yunkurin kasance m, duk da cewa a cikin 1322-m da hari da aka za'ayi da wani m (amfani kamnemetnye inji). A iyakar tsakanin Sweden da kuma Novgorod ƙasar a kan Orekhovskaya duniya, ya kammala a 1323, aka gudanar da Sister River. Mulkin Sweden samu yammacin ɓangare na Karelian Isthmus.

Castle karkashin Karl Knutsson da mãsu mayẽwa

A filaye na castle a cikin 15th karni (idan Karl Knutsson yake mai mulki) sun zama gini tsawo na benaye da dama. Sai suka ƙare da Martial vaulted lilo a gefe ta birnin da gada. Kusan lokaci guda da hasumiyar da aka gina Shoemaker. A zamanin mulkin Karl Knutsson Castle samu musamman ƙawa da luster. sabon Apartments, gyara jihar dakuna for bukukuwa da idi, knightly dakunan, remodeled uku bene na babban gini, wanda a baya nufi kawai ga tsaron da aka gina.

A wannan shiri ba a gama ba. Bayan Karl Knutsson bar castle, aikin ya ci gaba da gudanar da mãsu mayẽwa - Eric Tott da Sten Sture. A wannan lokacin, da castle zauna wurin zama na gwamna, kazalika da administrative cibiyar na rayuwar siyasa na Vyborg. A kudu maso gabashin kusurwar aljanna hasumiyar da aka gina - zagaye na farko hasumiya a cikin castle (hoton sama). Yana Club bayyana tiled stoves. Ganuwar da hasumiyar St. Olaf ciki itace fanelin da babba castle tsakar gida da aka sharewa da dutse.

Taimako Erika Totta

Cif na sansanin soja a tsakiyar 15th karni ya Eric Totti, sa'an nan 4th bene na babban gini da aka tuba a cikin wani mazauni. Akwai kuma na biyar bene, tsara don tsaron gida. Tott a lokacin da maimaitawa na castle amfani da hadisin da na tsaron gida gine soma a arewacin Turai. Kafin da m gobara cewa hasãra ƙawa da castle, ta layout da kuma bayyanar sun kasance a cikin farkon Renaissance style. Tott hedged Vyborg dutse bango tare da hasumiyai (a kan yankin, wanda aka located a gaban sansanin soja). Saboda haka, Vyborg Castle hankali dauki raya matsayi na kagara. Town Hall Tower, kuma daga baya zagaye ne kawai sassa na shi, kiyaye to mu kwana.

"Vyborg Thunder"

Vyborg a watan Satumba 1495 gigice da taron, wanda ya tafi a tarihi a matsayin "Vyborg Thunder". Rasha-Swedish yaki fara kawai wannan shekara, da kuma Ivan III yanke shawarar aika sojoji zuwa hadari da Vyborg Castle. Domin da farko lokacin da manyan-zamo kamar bindigogi da aka yi amfani da, don ya hallaka garun. Biyu hasumiyai rushe, iya yin tsayayya da harin, da kuma wani daya aka yi hutu. A Swedes jagorancin kwamandan Knut Posse tsira da kewaye, duk da yin amfani da latest Rasha fasahar da su na lamba magabaci. A cewar daya daga version, shugaban ya umarci maza su sa wuta a foda cakuda (watakila ganga na guduro), sa'an nan zuwa ga rushe wasu daga cikin castle hasumiyarki. Hayaki da kuma wata deafening ruri kai ga rikice besiegers, kuma suka ja da baya.

A kewaye da birnin da aka dauke, akwai soja mataki nan da nan dakatar. Kuma game da "Vyborg fashewar" fara tafiya labari. Knut Posse ko shirki ikon sihiri. Alal misali, an bayar da hujjar cewa, yaƙi ya kewaye ya dafa shi "infernal potion" a babbar tukunyar jirgi. Har ila yau akwai wani version of cewa a lokacin da Yaren mutanen Sweden sojojin kasance game da su kwanta da hannunsa, ba zato ba tsammani Saltire bayyana a sararin sama. Rasha a gaban shi firgita, ya gudu. Wani dama version yana da shi ne a birnin kogo, "Smellie", wanda aka yin mummunan roar a kusanta na abokan gaba.

ci gaba yi

Main hasumiya a 1564 ya bakwai-labarin (a baya akwai kawai ƙananan ɓangare na square). A na sama da aka yanzu da octagonal siffar da igwa loopholes yanka a cikin ganuwar. Saboda loopholes zai iya kai madauwari harbe-harben. Ka lura da cewa a cikin masonry na Ka ci gaba da a wannan lokacin da aka fara amfani da tubali.

A cewar Stolbovo kammala a 1617, da Sweden iyakar Holdings muhimmanci ci gaba zurfi a cikin ƙasashen Novgorod. Border da kuma soja muhimmancin birnin Vyborg fadi, don haka da castle aka yi amfani a matsayin kurkuku. A ƙasa na birnin har da 18th karni mallakar Swedes. A wannan lokaci, da kulle ƙarfi, kuma ana kammala.

Vyborg bayan kama birnin da Bitrus I

Bitrus I bayan wani dogon kewaye da bombardment dauki Vyborg 3 Yuni, 1710, amma Swedes sun kasance a wani sauri ya bar birnin. Yaren mutanen Sweden rinjãya a Vyborg har cikin karni na 19th.

City da kuma Vyborg castle bayan kama sojojin Rasha da aka lalata. Hãlãyensu ya deplorable. Kawai sai ya sanya hannu a 1721 da yarjejeniyar da Nystad, karshe kulla iyakar Vyborg fara gina zaman lafiya rai. A castle fara gudanar da m sabuntawa aiki. Amma a cikin biyu da rabi na 18th karni, ya aka kama tsakanin Annenkrone da horned ƙarfi, robust fortifications, don haka rasa ta tsohon soja muhimmanci. A castle aka yi amfani da zuwa gidan Rasha sojojin.

A m tarihi na birnin ya kuma kasance wuya. Ya tafi zuwa ga Finns a 1918, duk da haka, a lokacin da Rasha-Finnish War (1939-1940.) Yana dauki Soviet sojojin. Amma bayan 'yan shekaru, a farkon yakin duniya na II, sabuwar shige Vyborg Finland.

Sa'an nan, a shekarar 1944, ya zama na waɗansu farko da Tarayyar Soviet, sa'an nan kuma Rasha. A halin yanzu, tsibirin da sansanin soja ne Jihar Museum "Vyborg Castle". Yana da aka kafa a kan Yuli 13, 1960 A ƙarshen karni na 20th gidan kayan gargajiya ma'aikatan suna da fuska matsaloli. Gaskiyar cewa hasumiyar da aka located a gefen dutse ya fara sag. Daya dalilin wannan - girgizar kasa effects, da kuma sauran - m kai. A halin yanzu, matsalar da aka warware.

Yanzu gaya cewa ban sha'awa abubuwa za a iya gani a cikin castle.

Tower na St. Olaf

Yawon bude ido samun mai yawa motsin zuciyarmu daga hawa da hasumiya. Domin hawa, dole ne ka shawo kan 239 matakai na wani fairly m bene. Wannan na bukatar wani jiki shiri, amma sakamakon ba zai dauki dogon, don haka ci gaba! Hawa, za ka iya sha'awan da ra'ayoyi daga windows. A sama ba za ka sami wani m view na bay da kuma birni.

Za ka iya yi aiki a kusa da hasumiyar daga dukkan bangarorin. Za ka ga birni tare da ban sha'awa gine-gine, sabon abu ga kasar Rasha. Multi-kala, rufi na siffofin daban-daban ƙirƙirar dandano na Vyborg. Za ka iya gani daga nan, da kuma Transfiguration Cathedral da Clock Tower, da sauran manyan duwãtsu.

Museum "Vyborg Castle"

Bayan ya ziyarci nuni da gidan kayan gargajiya, za ka shiga cikin farar hula da kuma soja tarihi na yankin, a cikin rãyuwar mazaunan, kazalika da ƙarin koyo game da gina castle. A nan za ka sami wani tarin na kwastan kwace, a matsayin birnin na dogon lokaci shi ne iyakar batu. Nature na Karelian Isthmus, inda Vyborg, kishin raba nuni. A mafi muhimmanci da tarin daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya - zane-zane da sassaka na V. V. Kozlova kuma L. A. Ditriha, kumar kasko da numismatic tarin.

Wucin gadi nune-nunen da bukukuwa

A nan shi ne ba kawai m farfado - an kuma gudanar da wucin gadi nune-nunen. Alal misali, wata rana a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya halshen wani azabtarwa dakin. Hakika, da eerie kewaye, amma wannan nuni wata babbar nasara tsakanin yawon bude ido.

Sau da yawa a cikin castle shiryar da Tours, kuma m shirye-shirye. Alal misali, Popular tarihi na soji da shekara-shekara festival hada da jousting. A castle a cikin na da ruhun wannan rana da aka musamman ji, kazalika da a ko'ina cikin birnin. Bayan knightly fadace-fadace, bukukuwa iya sauraron na da music, don ganin al'amuran daga rayuwar mutane na cewa lokaci, kazalika da shiga cikin nazarinsa da kuma koyi da wasu cinikayya. Yana kuma samar da wata dama ga addini da archery da kuma ziyarci na da idin.

A yawa na yawon bude ido garken bukukuwa a Vyborg. "Knight ta Castle," alal misali, aka gudanar a kowace shekara. Af, shi ya faru sosai kwanan nan, a kan Yuli 30-31, da kuma ya riga ya zama 21st a jere. Masu ziyara jiran m fadace-fadace sanye da makamai kafar sojoji, yin yawo da kuma doki jousting gasa. Just saboda wannan ka iya ziyarci Vyborg. Gasa "Knight ta Castle" ya tattara da yawa daga baƙi. Suka Miscellaneous da na da minstrels, kuma bayan da fadace-fadace na Knights da su Ladies da aka sanar da duk comers na da raye-raye.

A dare, yawon bude ido da suka yanke shawara su ziyarci bikin "Knight ta Castle" (Vyborg) Wuta jira misali da Dragon da Kotun na Inquisition da kisa. The karya sun yara fadace-fadace, da nisha da kuma wasanni, kazalika da gasa ga mahalarta da kuma kallo. Farfajiyar da handicraft adalci kuma za a iya ziyarci, ya isa a festival "Knight ta Castle". Vyborg, baƙi ce, a cikin marigayi Yuli, kamar dai koma baya. Yanayi kiyaye na da haruffa (Rasha Knights da kuma Turai Knights), wanda ya sanya shi a cikin ƙasa na festival su tafiyar zango.

A lokacin idi a sosai da rai Vyborg. "Knight ta Castle" - daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa events a cikin birnin.

Bude sa'o'i na gidan kayan gargajiya adireshin

Sha'awar Vyborg da tsoho castle? Ziyarci shi a kowane lokaci na shekara. Amma kawai a lokacin wasu sa'o'i daukan baƙi Vyborg Castle. ta yanayin na aiki - daga 11:00 zuwa 19:00 a duk kwanakin mako, fãce Jumma'a. A ranar Jumma'a, ta rufe farkon - a 18 hours.

Saboda haka, yanzu ka san inda za ka iya ziyarci castle na Vyborg. The aiki yanayin shi damar ka shirya tafiye-tafiye a kan wani ranar mako. Mutane da yawa daga gare ku yiwuwa so ya san adireshin. A cikin wani hali, da kuma bayar da shi, ko da yake, mafi m, za ka iya samun castle a Vyborg. Adireshi shi sauki: Castle Island, 1.

Yake da daraja shi to ziyarci wannan wuri? Lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, da gidan kayan gargajiya ne ba kawai ban sha'awa, amma kuma birnin Vyborg. A castle, wanda sake bitar mafi kyau, musamman masoya na tsakiyar zamanai.