Museum-Reserve "Kuznetsk sansanin soja", Novokuznetsk: Siffar, description, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Fiye da ashirin hekta yanayi ajiye, babban gidan kayan gargajiya na Kuzbass - Kuznetsk sansanin soja. Babban ɓangare na sansanin soja da aka located a kan Dutsen Hawan Yesu zuwa sama, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare zama mane, dutsen range, yake kallon birnin Novokuznetsk daga wannan yanki. A gidan kayan gargajiya ya fara ta aikin a shekarar 1991, don yin karatu, a adana da kuma inganta irin wannan ban sha'awa abu, kamar wani sansanin soja Kuznetsk - a na ƙwarai tunawa da tarihi na USAID, al'adunmu na tarayya muhimmancin al'adu.

ƙasa

A ƙasa ne ba kawai da Kuznetsk sansanin soja, amma kuma wasu na halitta da kuma tarihi Monuments. Akwai ma wani kyakkyawan waterfall a kanyon game Verhotomskoye redoubt. A kalla dozin gine-gine, da sojoji da kuma USAID abubuwa za a iya kyan gani, a kan yawon shakatawa mazauna da kuma baƙi. A adana wadannan Monuments ne daban-daban, da sabuntawa aiki ne kullum underway.

Ga shi an located kuma archaeological shafukan - dukan iri. Bincike har yanzu suna karkashin hanya, da kuma ba ba tare da binciken. Kuznetsk sansanin soja karatu ne da nisa daga duk. A gidan kayan gargajiya lãbãri ne kullum updated ta hanyar irin wannan bincike. Yana gabatar da tarihi na soji da na yankin, da kuma SUPPLiES da kurkuku site, da labarin Lines karfafa, da kuma sansanin soja kurkuku, wanda aka yi a sansanin soja, ma, daga cikin goma sha bakwai karni. A gidan kayan gargajiya taimaka wajen inganta soja da kuma m hadisai, tattara almara da kuma jama'a da al'adun goyon bayan.

gidan kayan gargajiya na aikin

A Disamba 1991, gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude, kuma na farko da na sandarsa ya daidaita a kan titi Mutane a wani dilapidated ginin. Tare da sabon 1992 ya fara ba kawai wani m nazari na sansanin soja ta hanyar Siyasa bincike da kuma archaeological, amma kuma yadu tura maido ayyukansu. Sun shirya ethnographic, archaeological da kuma tarihi balaguro zuwa gaba da kudi na gidan kayan gargajiya. Tun da shi kõma ta abu akan sake haihuwa Kuznetsk sansanin soja.

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1993 da gidan kayan gargajiya mayar da su cikin gidan na m Fonareva waterfall a kan titi, inda ya zauna ga wannan rana. A daidai wannan lokaci da aka kaddamar da samar da "Kuznetsk tsufa" - lokaci-lokaci tarihin gida mujallar. A shekara 1994, gidan kayan gargajiya ya bude wani bincike library da littattafai daga tarin na tarihi daga gari na kusa, Prokopyevsk MG Elkina. A daidai wannan lokaci shi da aka gudanar na farko nuni sadaukar da ka'idodinta Siberian art.

sabuntawa

Next kafa archives halitta da kuma gwada wani iri-iri na nune-nunen. A 1998, shi da za'ayi gina diyya - babban-sikelin aiki a kan maimaitawa. Barnaul ƙofofin da dutse guda biyu polubastiona, sojoji 'barikin - wannan shi ne abin da aka wadãtar sa'an nan Kuznetsk sansanin soja. Novokuznetsk - birni kyau da ɗaukaka hadisai, kuma daga wannan lokacin ya zama tarihi aukaka akai-akai. An gudanar a nan domin City Day bikin.

Amma dai ba duka daga mãsu dãɗin abin da ya fara faruwa ne a cikin ƙasa na Kuznetsk sansanin soja. Metallurgists na foundry ZSMK samar goma sha biyu replicas na serfs bindigogi da cewa a baya ya tsaya a nan a kan karusai, da na tagulla guda rokoki, wanda aka ma posted a kan garun da sansanin soja. Kuma a 2001, wannan sashen bai da gidan kayan gargajiya ne na tagulla guda replicas Kugorna rokoki, wanda yanzu housed a cikin m nuni. A shekara daga baya, da sansanin soja da aka yi tsammani wata kyauta - jefa baƙin ƙarfe ne da arba'in da kore-kore rokoki a kan karusai.

memory

A 2002, wani soja ya bangon barikin soja, ma, karbi kyauta daga foundry: shi matabbaci biyu tunawa faranti, wadda ya bada jerin sunayen sunayen da mazaunan Kuznetsk, aka bayar da George Cross. Kuma ganuwar da sansanin soja da sake bayansa da bindigogi a kan filin karusai da baƙin ƙarfe da tagulla ganga. A 2003 a kan ƙasa na wani plaster fasa da sculptor E. E. Potehina, daga baya maye gurbinsu Cast baƙin ƙarfe, a cikin girmamawa Laftanar Janar PN Putilova.

Fasa ma samar a cikin foundry na West Siberian Metallurgical Hada. A gidan kayan gargajiya lãbãri ne kullum updated tare da rami abu, shirya more kuma mafi daukan hotuna. A cikin sojojin 'barikin, a dukan sashe sadaukar da sanannen kuznechaninu - artist Admiralty, wanda ya zama sananne a rabi na biyu na karni na sha tara. Vertical reliefs da kuma tunawa farantin samar duk wannan metallurgical foundry.

Na biyu lokaci na yi

Domin watanni shida na farkon shekara ta 2008 ya zama ma kusa ga ta asali bayyanar Kuznetsk sansanin soja. Novokuznetsk gudanar da wani na yau da kullum manyan-sikelin ayyukan yi da kuma diyya. Wannan lokaci mayar da arewaci da kuma kudancin iri, da kuma ginin da aka gina bisa ga asali zane na jami'in da gidan. Har ila yau, shi ya ɗora katako ɗakin sujada, qawata nan ya sassaka a zamanin da. Cif jami'in dauki gida babbar tarihi nuni a kan Kuznetsky mashi, Kuznetsk Kuznetsk sansanin soja da kuma tsaron gida line.

Kuma da sojoji 'barikin liyi tare da gagarumin nasara nuni a kan tsohon tarihin yankin, inda da dama daga kayan da aka tattara daga tono gabatar jerin baƙaƙe - daga Paleolithic, wanda daukan cikin viewer cikin ashirin Millennium BC zuwa archaeological shafukan na goma sha bakwai karni AD. A lãbãri hada da nishadi tarihi maimaitawa, wanda ya nuna tsoho mazaunan yankin, bayyanar da abin da aka mayar da zagayayyen kwanya. Novokuznechane son su gidan kayan gargajiya.

Kuznetsk sansanin soja

Ya gina wani sansanin soja na ashirin da shekaru, da cewa daga cikin karni na sha tara ba sosai, daga 1800 har zuwa shekara ta 1820. Akwai zai ci gaba da karfafa da tsarin, babban manufar wanda - deterring ta'adi na kasar Sin, wanda ya duba ko da yaushe tare da muguwar sha'awa (da kuma har yanzu shi ne!) A Kudu Siberia da shi ne da gaske m asa. Duk da haka, a cikin 1846 da tarihi na soji da na Kuznetsk sansanin soja da aka kammala: da War Department shi an cire daga balance sheet. Ta redeveloped ta shirya a kurkuku ga mãsu laifi, wanda ya wanzu a kagara har 1919. Kuma a cikin yakin basasa, duk gine-gine na da penitentiary tsarin na tsarist, aka ƙone su duka.

Fort kanta da aka gina tun kafin babban sansanin soja - shi ne farkon na goma sha bakwai karni. Its yi, kuma ya taimaka da samuwar dukan tsaron gida tsarin a kan Dutsen Hawan Yesu zuwa sama (a baya aka kira makabarta). Kufaifan na goma sha bakwai da kuma goma sha takwas ƙarni suka maginin ko katako, kuma yana da matukar gargajiya ga waɗanda sau turret lamba: hasumiyai located kewayen kewaye da birnin, cewa shi ne, ba kawai don suna kare Fort.

Kafin kafuwar birnin

Hawan Yesu zuwa sama polubastion Kuznetsk sansanin soja zauna a ɓangare na bango da kuma ragowar dama hasumiyarki. A cikin kabari baƙin ciki, kuma a cikin goma sha bakwai karni iya wuce wannan bango a wannan hanya kamar yadda aka kerata a zamaninmu - a moat haƙa a kuma zuba da shaft. An sani cewa a 1717 kasko cike kagara aka ayi a kan promontory dutsen. A shekarar 1689, Fort da aka ayyana a birnin, da kare yankin daga "haren Kirghiz da Kalmyks" (kamar yadda suka kira mangolawa, kasar Sin, da Altai da Shor), da zatinsa ta amincewa da zatinsa.

Domin ko da ƙarin masu garu gagarumin kawai up banki na Tom da kuma arewacin birnin dangane da biyu aza kagara, wanda aka alaka da birni da wani katako bango, da kuma a cikin da'irar a ƙasar gefen sansanin soja da aka gina na lokacin farin ciki rajistan ayyukan da hadarurruka kore a cikin. Ko sa'an nan, a matsayin layout na Kuznetsk sansanin soja bango takwas ƙofar da ya kusan biyu da rabi mil. Hudu shaft kagara maimaita tsarin da duwatsu tekun na Tomi, a cikin sasanninta na babban yarwa gagarumin kuma ƙofofi biyu na garin da katako hasumiyarki. Ciki da kagara a lokacin shi ne kawai a ɗakin sujada, guda ginin. Duk da ƙofofin da aka kiyaye shi ta m bindigogi. Yanzu a kan wannan layout na gidan kayan gargajiya ya ci gaba da aiki "Kuznetsk sansanin soja". Novokuznetsk kuma zaɓi ya sake yi wa rayayyu da daga baya bayyanar da abin tunawa, tare da ban sha'awa kufaifan.

karni na sha takwas

By karshen karni na sha takwas earthworks Fort gaba daya dilapidated, amma garin Kuznetsk ya ci gaba da daraja manufa a matsayin karfi na gabashin flank na mikakke iyaka grandiose tsarin na Extended - daga Caspian zuwa Altai. Saboda haka, an shirya da kuma amince da Sarkin sarakuna Paul na hažaka duk Kuznetsk kufaifan.

Mun ya zama sabon earthworks makabarta a gindin dutsen, kuma a kan ta saman. A 1800, aikin gina fara, kuma ta 1820 th aka gaba daya gyara Kuznetsk sansanin soja. Novokuznetsk, wanda tarihi ya fara da kuma ci gaba lokaci guda tare da rai da kufaifan yanzu ya mayar da wannan zabin gagarumin wuri.

abin da ya faru

A duka castle samu cikin nau'i na wani elongated murabba'i mai dari, da kewaye da babban shafts wanda aka located redanami, wanda aka yafa masa a ciki tudun lodi ga bindigogi. Kaburbura a kan Cape Mount da wani karin square redoubt, wanda ya kai ga sansanin soja na dogon shaft da redanom. A kusurwoyin barazanar tsõkana polubastiony sahu ciki sandstone ashirin mita da kuma dakunan dandamali ga manyan bindigogi.

Tsakanin polubastionami heaving uku-storied tubali gadin da hasumiya. Suka kafa cikakken tsaron gida ramuka, kuma shafts. Pre-data kasance gine-gine kawai ɗakin sujada tsira. Gina da kuma sabunta castle fursunoni da farar hula ma'aikaci aiki.

hoary tsufa

Kafin 1806, a matsayin sa na Siyasa takardun Museum-Reserve, Kuznetsk sansanin soja da daya kawai dutse gini - daya-labarin guardhouse da wani babban hipped rufin kuma dormer taga. Kafin ginin wani katako rumfa don kula da farati ƙasa. Guardhouse a lokacin - ba wani ma'aikata don gajere kama, da kuma guardroom. Wannan ginin da aka located kusa da ƙofofin Kuznetsk. Yawancin lokaci a cikin ginin huta sojoji daga juya hali na tsare.

A 1810 a guardhouse aka gaba daya gyara ga sojoji aza wani tubali kuka, sanye take da katako benaye. Lokacin da castle ya tafi daga jihar na tsaro, ginin da aka yi watsi, rududdugaggu hanzari kuma a 1869 sayar domin ya da. Kawai a shekarar 1970 ya sake sake. Daidai da haihuwa shi ne wani dutse foda mujallar tare da gable rufin tare da biyu outbuildings. Around da shi ya tsaya da wani iko shinge nisa sama da cellar. Sod rufi a 1810 da aka katange da dutse slabs, aza eaves ga ruwa magudanun ruwa.

soja ta barikin

Yana da wani tubali gini a kan wani tushe na dutse da aka gina a 1808. Goma sha shida windows sanya tare da dukan tsawon na facade a kan ko dai gefe, rufin high, gable, tare da shida dormer windows, aka raba tsaye nuna leji. All barikin kunshi sassa biyu, symmetrically ware, tare da raba entrances. Mai tsanani dakin stoves. Tare da ganuwar sun gadon kwana na jirgin ƙasa bunks. Duk da haka, da kyau na da ginin ya ba an hana: tare da dukan tsawon na miƙa bango arched takware.

Akwai aka sanya ɗari biyu da saba'in da mutane Biysk sojojin da tawaya tawagar. Bayan da yarjejeniyoyin da sansanin soja a matsayin soja yi, barikokin soji da aka ba tun 1842 zuwa da abun ciki na laifi. Mutane da yawa sau da ginin da aka kerata da kuma gyara, kuma a watan Disamba 1919 a kurkuku aka ƙone da ƙungiyõyinsu a gabãninsu. Saboda haka tarihi barikokin soji na dogon lokaci daina wanzuwa. A ta kufai a shekaru 90 na karni na ashirin da aka gudanar yawa tono da kuma samu kayan ado gidan kayan gargajiya.

Ober-gidan jami'in

Wannan dutse gidan rayu hudu jami'an Bijskogo bataliya a cikin sabis a sansanin sansanin soja. A daya-storey gini da biyu entrances da goma sha windows a kan babban facade aka gina sauki, amma, kamar yadda shi ne al'ada a cikin waɗancan kwanaki, ba ba tare da frills. Rufin tare da samun iska da kuma gibba tsakanin tudun lodi, da washrooms, lobbies da kyau triangular makera a wani zama yankin hujja.

A cikin duka, da ginin ya tara dakuna, biyar daga cikinsu na zama - a daya hannun, kitchen, kuma mai amfani dakin a kan sauran. A cikin karni na sha tara ne jami'in Haikalin da aka bai kan zuwa asibitin sojoji. A gini ne a hankali hallaka, da kuma a 1905 a wurin gina wani gidan ga shugabanni da iyalansu. Amma wannan gidan nan da nan ya ƙone. Kawai a cikin 2000 ne jami'in Haikalin gina.