Musamman da musamman yanayin Rasha

Duk wanda akalla sau daya a rayuwa sa'a ya zama a wannan kasa, a wani bangare, yarda da tabbatarwa cewa, yanayin Rasha shi ne ba kawai abin mamaki bane, amma a wasu wurare da kuma gaba daya musamman. Me muna shan a matsayin dalilin da view of baƙi na jihar, da kuma ba domin Russia? Amsar ne mai yawa sauki fiye da shi zai ze farko duba. The abu ne cewa, tun da aka haife shi a, ka ce, Siberia da kuma Kamchatka, mu wani lokacin ba a kula da gida kyakkyawa, yarda su a matsayin wani abu domin ba. Kuma a banza ...

A general, ya kamata a lura da cewa a matsayin ƙasa na kasar mu ne quite m, shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa Flora da fauna daga cikin wannan Locality a sau muhimmanci daban-daban daga Flora da fauna da ke makwabtaka da ƙasa. Alal misali, da yanayin Tsakiya Rasha ne muhimmanci daban-daban daga arewacin, ko, ce, da kudancin yankunan.

Wannan labarin da nufin gaya nawa daki-daki kamar yadda zai yiwu game da halaye na bangarori daban-daban na kasar mu. Rasha Nature bayyana ga mai karatu a duk da launuka, inuwõyinta suna kusa, da bambancin.

Jihar Arctic hamada

Rasha Arctic Hamada da irin wannan halayyar fasali a matsayin babbar yawa kankara da dusar ƙanƙara, kazalika da babban iska zafi talakawan ne 85%.

A cikin Arctic hamada zone ne da New Siberian Islands, New kuma Severnaya Zemlya da Franz Josef Land. Abin mamaki, amma yanayi ne na Rasha a wannan yanki shi ne cewa akwai kusan babu Marshes, tabkuna da kuma kasa ne iyakacin duniya hamada da kuma Saline kasa da low humus abun ciki.

A tsirin cover ne sparse da kuma wajen matalauta. More sau da yawa fiye da ba akwai saduwa da mosses, lichens da kuma algae. Amma kuma ganin saxifrage, Arctic poppy, hatsi, kankara Buttercup, Chickweed, iyakacin duniya Willow, Arctic bluegrass pickerel da kuma ba zama da sauki.

Fauna ne ma matalauta a jinsin. Matsayin mai mulkin, mafi mashahuri a cikin mazaunan za a iya kira a yi dusar ƙanƙara, da mujiya, lemmings, Arctic fox, reindeer, iyakacin duniya bear da ptarmigan.

Amma a kan m gaba za ka iya ganin mutane da yawa nesting seabirds.

Yau, masana kimiyya da dama suna aiki a kan wannan tambaya da yadda za a adana yanayi na Rasha a wannan yanki. Haka kuma, ya kamata a lura da cewa, dole ne a yi maza maza, in ba haka ba za ka iya har abada rasa jinsin na musamman shuke-shuke da dabbobi.

Mene ne shi, tundra?

tundra zone aka located, yafi tare da bakin tekun na Arctic Ocean. Yana da wani yankin da tsananin iska, sanyi, iyakacin duniya yini da kuma dare, da wani babban girgije.

Ga matsananci da kuma dogon hunturu (8-9 watanni), amma bazara - takaice da kuma sanyi. Sau da yawa da cewa yawan zafin jiki ne a cikin Asian tundra kai har ma 52 ° C. Game da 70% na dukan ƙasa na Scotland tundra. Wannan ya faru saboda da m dogon lokacin da daskarewa da ƙasa.

A Coast za ka iya samun matasa lebur ƙasa kawai kudu na can ne m ƙasa, ridges da tuddai na glacial asalin. The Earth ta surface ne kusan gaba daya tundra cike da gidajen gona da m tabkuna.

Amma ga Flora, ta tushe nau'i lichens, mosses, kuma daban-daban low-girma shuke-shuke (ciyawa, bushes, shrubs). Wadannan jinsuna ne musamman na kowa: Dwarf Birch, Willow, alder, sedge, cranberries.

A general, mun lura cewa tundra ne zuwa kashi uku da ake kira sub-zones: Arctic, lichen, gansakuka, kudancin shrub.

Halayyar fasali na gandun daji-tundra

Tundra ne a yankin inda tundra hankali ya fara motsa a cikin itace. A wannan lokaci, da yanayi na Rasha, da labarin kasa na yankin a lokaci guda taka muhimmiyar rawa, shi ne quite bambancin. Its halayyar siffofin - abin da ake kira tsibirin sparse gandun daji located a kan watershed kuma kunsha da farko na Siberian spruce, larch kuma Birch.

Wannan sparseness gandun daji m matsananci yanayi yanayi, ko da yake a nan cikin bazara ne sosai warmer fiye da tundra, da iska gudun ne da yawa m.

Wata sifa ta wannan gandun daji-tundra aka dauke su a manyan yawan sphagnum peat bogs.

Game 9 months na wannan yanki da aka rufe da dusar ƙanƙara. Summer kogin kwarin gangara an rufe nan da bambance-bambance da kuma m fadamun. A dukan wuraren da girma buttercup, valerian da Berry. Af, da gida fadamun bauta a matsayin wani gagarumin wurin kiwo domin reindeer. Bugu da kari, da yanayi na Rasha a cikin gida yankin yana dauke da wani kyakkyawan mazauninsu ga dabbobin da yawa (yawanci Foxes da lemmings) da kuma tsuntsaye.

Ga daya iya samun wani m iri-iri waterfowl: geese, ducks da Swans. Amma a cikin hunturu tsuntsaye ne har yanzu 'yan kaxan - kawai wani farin mujiya da ptarmigan.

m taiga

taiga zone a Rasha bautar da most yanki tsakanin sauran halitta yankunan. Yana lullube daga yammacin kan iyakoki na Rasha har zuwa Tekun Japan. Geographically located in subarctic taiga, da temperate sauyin yanayi zone.

Wannan shi ne inda da yawa koguna fãra Rasha, misali, da Volga, Vyatka, Onega, Kama, Lena, Vasyugan, Pur, Taz, Viluy da sauransu.

Domin wannan sashi ne halin da gaban da yawa dausayi, ruwan karkashin kasa, tabkuna, manyan kududdufai. Babban irin ciyayi na taiga gandun daji, kamar yadda haske coniferous da coniferous. Around mamaye kamar yadda larch, kawai a kan wani karami yawan Pine, spruce, fir da itatuwan al'ul.

Daga cikin gandun daji a isa lambobin suna located natsuwa da daban-daban swamps.

Kai ne a zahiri sha'awar namun dajin Rasha? Siberia - wannan shi ne wurin, inda shi wajibi ne in je. A fauna ne sosai bambance bambancen. Aukaka fauna gabashin taiga, inda daya iya ganin takaddamarsu, Sable, dutse itace-takaddamarsu, waterfowl, ruwan kasa bear, wolverine, kurege, Lynx, Elk da zomo.

Abin baƙin ciki, a yau akwai wani aiki gizo a yankin. Yadda za a ajiye yanayin Rasha a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki ya zauna kusan kasa warwaruwa asiri.

Da kuma gauraye deciduous gandun daji na kasar

A sashi na gauraye da deciduous gandun daji idan aka kwatanta da taiga ne sosai warmer, wetter. Ga mai tsawo da kuma dumi lokacin bazaar, kuma winters ba sosai matsananci, cewa, ta hanyar, ni'ima fitowan da irin wannan babban yawan m-Leaved itatuwa.

Ka lura cewa nan da kogin girma a ruwa, sabili da haka, Scotland kasa ne sosai low. A general, wannan yanki ne halin da sod-podzolic da kuma ruwan kasa gandun daji ƙasa, arziki a cikin ma'adanai.

A mafi yawan lokuta da gandun daji ne itacen oak, spruce, Maple, basswood, Pine, ash, Hazel, Korean Pine, Birch, Aspen da kuma shrubs.

Yanayin tsakiyar Rasha ne sosai m da mazaunanta. Don kwanan wata, akwai da ake samu a manyan dabbobi kamar bison, Elk, kerkẽci, daji boar, kerkẽci, marten, loir da muskrat. Daga cikin tsuntsaye za a iya gani oriole, Dubonosov, Tamarind da sauransu.

Abin baƙin ciki, akwai mutane da yawa jinsunan shuke-shuke da dabbobi da cewa rayuwa a cikin Far East, da kuma gauraye deciduous gandun daji ne musamman scanty, idan ba bace. Alal misali, a cikin daji shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu ka sadu da Sika barewa da Amur damisa, da kuma a kan gangara, ka fi yiwuwa ba za ta sami fiye da gaskiya ginseng.

Rasha steppe

Steppe sashi ne wani nau'i ne na mika mulki tsakanin gandun daji da kuma steppe. Ga deciduous, kananan-Leaved da kuma Pine gandun daji a launin toka kasa madadin tare da forb makiyaya matakan kafa kai tsaye a kan baki duniya.

Rasha yanayi a yankin da aka raba yammacin da kuma gabashin steppe. A tuddai da kwaruruka rabu da yawa ravines da gullies.

Ga, a ko'ina ne Marinjãyi oak, wani lokacin akwai Birch itatuwa, ganye, da hatsi. Ka lura da cewa a cikin gandun daji ne gida zuwa manyan yawan, a can ne horar da a cikin manyan yawa da kuma fasaha amfanin gona.

steppe zone

Steppe zone ne halin da bushe lokacin rani, hunturu da sanyi suna fadin hazo. Game da sau daya a kowace shekara uku na dogon lokaci a duk wani ruwan sama, ya kuma inganta zo da fari mai tsanani.

A halayyar alama ne babu gandun daji steppe zone. Kafin plowing steppe yankunan nan ko'ina hadu herbaceous ciyayi da predominance na gashin tsuntsu ciyawa, bluegrass, fescue, daji hatsi. Yanzu halin da ake ciki ya canza da kuma rashin alheri ba ga mafi alhẽri.

A kasa a arewa na steppe sashi ne na hali baki duniya. Ga ko'ina rayuwa hakori sun fi na kowa gophers, marmots, mole berayen, filin mice, hamsters. Suka ciyar a kan ferrets, Foxes, weasels. Daga cikin tsuntsaye za ka iya ganin gaggafa, larks da demoiselle.

Don kwanan shi ne mafi ƙware steppe mutane. An gaskiya dauke da babban noma yankin.

Zone na Hamada da kuma Semi-Hamada

Semi-hamada da kuma hamada riƙe a Rasha ne quite wani karamin yanki da cewa shi ne na musamman da iyãkõkin da Caspian ciki.

Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan shi ne inda a can ne matakin qarshe na da ake kira shekara-shekara da hasken rana radiation (120 kcal / cm ^2).

Summer ne zafi, amma hunturu - sanyi da ake yin dusar ƙanƙara. Domin wannan sashi ne halin da shiyya haske launin ruwan kasa ƙasa, ciyawa-abinci mai ɗaci ciyayi, gishiri licks da kuma Semi-gyarawa yashi yankunan.

A nan a babbar lambobin girma wheatgrass, fescue, Malabar, blue-kore algae, gashin tsuntsu-gashi-tsutsa, da sauransu.

Daga cikin dabbobi akwai da yawa hakori, kuma suna dauke da ya fi na kowa jerboa, gerbils, ƙasa squirrels, da kuma hare. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin hamada da kuma Semi-hamada yanki sanaki Wolves, Foxes, ferrets da badgers.