Mir Castle a Belarus - rungumi tarihi a dutse

Mir Castle aka located a cikin birane kauyen Mir. An ayi a Grodno yankin. Wannan musamman gine-gine abin tunawa ne a USAID. Kafin 1568 da masu sun Ilyinich, sa'an nan - sai 1828 - Radziwill. Bayan su, da masu Wittgenstein ta zama har sai 1891, na karshe masu na castle hadaddun sun Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Bayan wannan, da Mir Castle, wani photo na wanda aka nuna a kasa, aka canjawa wuri ya bayyana ikon mallakar.

Overview

The gine-gine da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi wurin hutawa abubuwa na duk tsira misalai na asali gothic Jamhuriyar Belarus. Mirsky kulle tsarin ne a square siffar da bangarorin na game da 75 mita a tsawon da kuma shirya a sasanninta na hasumiyarki. Su tsawo - 25-27 mita. A matakin farko na yi, wanda dade game da 4 shekara, an gina hasumiyai hudu da alaka da wani bango. Mir Castle yana da wani asali layout. Towers aka sanya a cikin nau'i na octagonal Prism, saka, bi da bi, a kan tetrahedral. Wall tsawo ne daban-daban - daga 10 zuwa 12 mita. A gefen yamma (a kan hanyar zuwa Vilna) saita hasumiya located a tsakiyar. A lokaci daya da shi shi ne kawai bakin ƙofar lambun na castle, da kurkuku da ke cikin ta ginshiki. Chapel located a hawa na biyu na hasumiyar. Shi ne daga nan saukar da karfe grille, wanda kare katako shiga ƙofar.

Chronology na events

The gine-gine na da hannu a kusan dukkan soja events cewa da zarar share wani rashin tsoro guguwa a Belarushiyanci ƙasar. A Chronology fara da yakin Rasha-Polish (1654-1667 gg.), Kuma ƙare da Rasha-Faransa War (1812). A wannan lokaci da addini gini fiye da sau daya hõre hari da kuma kewaye. Musamman m ga gine-gine abin tunawa a 1665 da kuma 1706 shekaru. A lokacin da ya hõre babba lalacewar. A farkon da XVIII karni Mir Castle aka mayar, kuma a cikin 1784 sake lalace. A 1812 ganuwar da castle hadaddun akwai wani yaki a cikinsa halarci sojan doki Davoust (French marshal) da kuma raya biyu Rasha Army Platov. Tun shekarar 1989, a fitacciyar asali Gothic ne wani reshe na National Art Museum of Belarus. A farkon karni na XXI fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa grandiose maimaitawa na hadaddun. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan gine-gine abin tunawa ne bude wa baƙi. Don lura, ziyarar da Mir Castle da daraja 120 000 BYR. goga. (Game da 400 Rasha). A 2001, da gine-gine na gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bayar da m matsayi.

Mir Castle: tarihi

Gine-gine ne da wani dutse tsarin, da girma daga wanda aka gina a XVI-XVII cc. A cewar wasu masana kimiyya da masu bincike, a baya a wannan wuri da aka located gidan gona lyãyengiji. A castle aka kewaye da wani lebur yankin, da kuma kogin gudana Miranka kusa da shi. Ainihin ranar shiri na tunawa da gine ne ba a sani ba har yanzu. Duk da haka, akwai shawarwari da cewa ta yi ya fara ba a baya fiye da 1522 shekara. A sa'an nan da mai shi daga cikin gida yankunan - Yuriy Ilyinich - sarrafa su inventories da dukiya dangantaka da Litavorom Hreptovichem.

Me sun gina wannan gini?

Masana kimiyya har yanzu ba zai iya zo da wani yarjejeniya game da ainihin manufar da gine na castle. Duk da haka, wanda zai iya ɗauka cewa Gothic tsarin da aka gina don dalilai na girma, musamman Ganin cewa a cikin kauye duniya a kwanakin da aka dauke su a lumana wuri. Duk da haka, da bango kauri daga cikin kulle (2 m a saman da kasa na 3 m) da kuma na musamman uku-Layer gauraye masonry sanya na tubalin da duwatsu nuna kyau tsaron gida ikon dukan hadaddun. A cikin ƙananan ɓangare na facade ne da yanke makamai loopholes. A yammacin kuma arewacin ganuwar da gallery aka sanya fada da karfi Pine railings. Abin baƙin ciki, da farko masu da hadaddun - Ilyinich - sami ikon kammala shiri, kamar yadda su tseren aka katse a 1568. A sabon masu - Radziwill - da aikin sake maido. Mun gode wa aikin bayyanar Tsarin samu halayyar fasali na Renaissance. Musamman taimako ga rai na Mir Castle gabatar Nikolay Hristofor marãya. Kasancewa a cikin mallaki Radziwill iyali, da hadaddun qunshi wani 3-storey fada, tsara ta Martin Zaborovsky.

A rabo daga cikin gine-gine abin tunawa

A 1655 ginin da aka dauka da Cossacks jagorancin Hetman Ivan Zolotarenko. Bayan da yaƙi tare da Rasha, sa'an nan Mai girma Arewa War kusan shekaru 80 sun kawo halaka da kuma kufai. Kawai a cikin 30s na XVIII karni addini gini da aka mayar, bayan da ya bayyana da babban zauren, hoto gallery da kuma dakin rawa. Farfadowa da na'ura ba kare da "Italian lambu". A 1785 Mir Castle zo Korol Stanislav watan Agusta. Ya aka captivated da kyakkyawa da richness na ciki ado na fada. A 1813 a Faransa, ya rasu karshe sarkin ya gaji Radziwill iyali - Dominika Geronim. 'Yarsa - Princess Stephanie - ya zama matar Lva Vitgenshteyna. Kuma sai ya tafi Mir Castle gaji. Bayan rasuwar Stephanie Lev Vitgenshteyn koma Jamus. Dansa, kasancewa marasa 'ya'ya, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a cikin mallaki gine-gine na' yar'uwarta Maria. Amma ta ba zai iya zama mai shi daga cikin immovable dukiya a karkashin doka. A sakamakon haka, da hadaddun aka sayar zuwa Prince Nikolay Svyatopolk-Mirsky. A sabon mai fara wani babban maimaitawa.

A postwar shekaru

Bayan shiga da Tarayyar Soviet, da yammacin ɓangare na Belarus a 1939, da gine-gine da jauhari da aka nationalized. Har 1941 shi ne a samar da hadin kai, da kuma a lokacin Nazi zama - duhun kai ga Yahudawa da kuma wani sansanin fursunonin yaki. Bayan kwata 'yanci na Belarus har 1956 a wani hadadden yakin mutane rayu. Wannan An šanyi nuna a cikin ciki ado na fada. Tun shekarar 1947, yi ne a karkashin jihar kariya.

A gine-gine a yau

Mir Castle - shi ne haske batu na amfani na Jamhuriyar Belarus da kyau-raya yawon shakatawa kayayyakin more rayuwa. Bugu da kari, ganuwar sukan gudanar da daban-daban al'adu events: jousts, bukukuwa, kide, tarurrukansu da Theatrical wasanni. A castle hadaddun - daya daga cikin rare wuraren da aka ziyarta da waje yawon bude ido.