Mihail Andreevich Osorgin: biography da ayyukansu

Mihail Andreevich Osorgin - sanannen Rasha jarida kuma marubuci, marubucin yawa makala. Daya daga cikin mafi shahara tsakanin Rasha Freemasons baƙi, kafa da dama lodges a Faransa.

asalin

Haife Mihail Andreevich Osorgin Perm a watan Oktoba 1878. Sunansa a haihuwa ya Ilyin, wanda aka ce masa Osorgin bayyana daga baya. A da sunan kakata. Uwãyensa sun kasance hereditary manya Stolbovaya.

Uba aikata doka, ya kasance daya daga cikin mahalarta a cikin shari'a garambawul Kanmu da Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II. Brother, Sergei, da aka sani a lardin, mawãƙi da kuma dan jarida, ya rasu a 1912.

samuwar

Ya yi karatu a Perm dakin motsa jiki. A lokacin wadannan shekaru, ya wallafa farko ayyuka a gida periodicals. The "Perm lardin labarai" zo ya labarin mutuwarsa a kan mutuwa na aji m, da kuma rare a lokacin, "Journal for All" a 1896 -rasskaz "Uba". Osorgin makarantar sakandare da kuma kammala a 1897.

Nan da nan bayan da cewa, sai ya shiga Moscow University, da Faculty of Law, yanke shawarar bi sahun mahaifinsa. A matsayin dalibi, ina bai bar aikin jarida, mafi yawa da aka rubuta articles da makala domin jaridu na Ural.

Ya zama daya daga cikin mahalarta na dalibi tashin, wanda ya sa aka mayar da daga Moscow zuwa Perm. University digiri samu a 1902. Ya shiga wani lauya a Moscow Kotun. A a layi daya, da ya sanã'anta juri lauya a cikin kasuwanci, marayu kotu da kuma shawara. A wannan lokacin, ya wallafa farko-rubuce littafin - "The albashin ma'aikata domin hatsarori."

ra'ayin siyasa,

A 1903, da tarihin rayuwar Mihaila Andreevicha Osorgina canjãwa da cika fuska - ya auri 'yar sanannen Narodovoltsy Malikova. A daidai wannan lokaci da siyasa ra'ayoyi suna kafa.

Osorgin ya mabiyin sukar autocracy, ba ta asalin kuma anarchic hali sito, ya yanke shawarar ya shiga cikin jam'iyyar na Social yunkuri. Da farko ya goyan bayan ra'ayin da SRs a kan goyon bayan da peasantry, da kira zuwa ga amsa ga tashin hankali da tashin hankali, da kuma ko da ta'addanci.

Mihail Andreevich Osorgin a ya Apartment a Moscow shirya wani taro na 'yan kwamitin da Socialist Revolutionary Party, ya boye' yan ta'adda. A wannan yanayin, da kai tsaye hannu a cikin juyin juya halin da kanta ba yarda, amma rayayye da hannu a shirye-shiryen.

A lokacin juyin juya halin Fabrairu Osorgin Apartment, kuma a dacha a Moscow yankin da aka yi amfani da matsayin wuri domin tarurruka na jam'iyyar functionaries, ana harhada kuma ninninkuwa SR shela da taken, jam'iyyar takardun.

Osorgin kansa halarci kawai a cikin Disamba tawaye, wanda ya faru daga 20 zuwa 31 Disamba 1905. Sa'an nan fadan squads ma'aikata saɓa wa 'yan sanda, Cossacks, dragoons kuma da Semenov rajimanti. A tawaye aka mur, abin dogara da bayanai game da asarar da ba su tsira.

A gidan yari, wahalhalunsa da hijirarsa

Domin shiga a cikin tawaye Mihail Andreevich Osorgin aka kama shi kuma kurkuku a cikin Taganka kurkuku. A ƙarshe, sai ya ciyar game 6 watanni. Kawai tsĩrar da shi beli. A kurkuku ya aka sanya shi a matsayin mai hadarin gaske barrikadist.

Kawai saki, Osorgin nan da nan suka yi hijira, saboda sun ji tsoron kara la'anta. Da farko, ya tafi zuwa Finland, akwai aka zarar mayar da su cikin sauran kasashen Nordic - Denmark. Sa'an nan, ya zauna a Jamus da kuma Switzerland.

Na samu wucin gadi mafaka a Italiya, a cikin emigre ƙungiya kusa da Genoa. A zaman gudun hijira, ya shafe kusan shekaru 10 Mihail Andreevich Osorgin. Books buga a wannan lokaci, kishin rai daga Rasha, cikin shahararrun - "almara na zamani Italiya" - An wallafa a 1913.

Rayuwa a gudun hijira

A gudun hijira Mihail Andreevich Osorgin taƙaice matsahi na saba da kayan yau da kullum na kerawa na futurists kuma nan da nan imbued tare da su ideas. Ya musamman burge ta farkon wakilan wannan Trend aka kaga iyakar shiba. Aikinsa a cikin Italian Futurism taka rawa wajen ci gaban wannan shugabanci.

A 1913, akwai wani gagarumin taron - Mihail Andreevich Osorgin sirri rai wanda a wannan lokacin kusan dadin, ya auri a karo na biyu. Ya budurwata - 17-shekara Rosa Ginsberg, domin ta sake, ya ma daukan Yahudanci. Mahaifinta - sanannen Yahudawa Falsafa Ahad ha-Am.

Osorgin tafiya a baje a Turai. Na ziyarci da Balkans, Bulgaria, Montenegro da Serbia. A 1911, a fili ya sanar da cizon yatsa a cikin ideas na Socialist-yunkuri da zarar ya shiga Masons.

Ƙaura Osorgin ci gaba da rubuta wa Rasha mujallu. Ya wallafe da aka buga a "Rasha Gazette", "Journal of Turai". A 1916 ya asirce koma zuwa Rasha da kuma na zaune a cikin Moscow.

Fabrairu juyin juya halin

1917 dauki murna Osorgin Mihail Andreevich. Biography taƙaice Notes cewa Fabrairu juyin juya halin, ya karɓa. Fara rayayye aiki tare da sabuwar gwamnatin, ya zama memba na hukumar a kan ci gaban archives da kuma kula da harkokin siyasa, wanda ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da na Sashen Tsaro. Da aka buga a cikin "Voice of baya" wallafe-wallafen da kuma tarihi mujallar.

A daidai wannan lokaci daga aikinsa "Fatalwowi", "Tsaro ofishin da kuma ta asĩri", "tatsuniyoyi da kuma tatsuniyoyi."

Bayan da juyin juya halin Oktoba

Osorgin nasarar Bolsheviks bai yarda da zama da babban abokin gaba ne. Saboda wannan, a cikin shekara ta 1919, ya aka sanya shi a karkashin kama. Saki a kan beli kawai marubuci na Union of Writers da kasida Baltrushaitis.

A 1921 ya taƙaice yi aiki a hukumar kula da Yunwa Relief. Duk da haka, a watan Agusta, ya aka kama a sake, wannan lokaci da shi da aka ceto daga Nansen. Duk da haka, ya aka fitar da su Kazan. A 1922 ya aka fitar daga kasar a cikin abin da ake kira falsafa jirgin ruwan.

A mataki na biyu ya fara rayuwa a cikin gudun hijira a Berlin, a shekarar 1923 karshe zauna a Paris Osorgin Mihail Andreevich. Biography na marubuci ta iyali yi sha'awar abõkan tãrayya. Ga kuma, akwai lokatan canje-canje, a 1926 ya yi aure a karo na uku - a Tatyana Bakunin aiki a matsayin farfesa da University of Paris.

Paris rabo

Duk da yake zaune a Paris, Osorgin riƙe Soviet dan kasa har 1937. Bayan rayuwa ba tare da hukuma takardu, kamar yadda Faransa kabila da kuma bai samu.

Bayan duniya na biyu Osorgin da matarsa suka gudu daga shagaltar da Paris da kuma zaunar da su a garin Chambray, ba shagaltar da ta Jamus. A nan sai ya rubuta karshe muhimmanci ayyuka - "Haruffa na insignificance" da "A wani m kauye Faransa." Sun yi Allah wadai da fashewa yaki, da kuma hasashen da ƙi, kuma ko da mutuwar wani al'ada.

kerawa Osorgin

Daya daga cikin mafi shahara da ayyuka - labari "Sivtsev Vrazhek" - Osorgin saki a 1928. Babban haruffa na labarin - wani tsohon masanin kimiyya, wani farfesa na ornithology ritaya Ivan Aleksandrovich, da kuma jikanyar, Tatiana. Ta na zaune tare da tsofaffi zumunta, kuma a cikin shakka daga cikin samfurin canza daga wata yarinya a cikin wani matasa amarya.

Wannan labari ne ma ya kira, kuma labarinsa. An misalta wannan da cewa labarin daukan wuri ba a kan wani m storyline. A tsakiyar "Sivtseva kwazazzabo" - da gidan da yake rayuwa Farfesa Ivan Aleksandrovich. Literary kwatanta shi ko da tare da takaice. Hoton na da rana, a tsakiyar wannan duniya ne a tebur fitilar a cikin ofishin na masanin kimiyya.

Biyu main ideas a cikin ayyukan Mihaila Osorgina - da soyayya na duniya da kuma bege ga zaman lafiya, da farko duba, ba mafi muhimmanci da na kowa abubuwa.

Passion domin yanayi ne tushen jerin makala da aka buga a Osorgin "Bugawa News" a karkashin pseudonym Babbitt. Suna daga baya saki a matsayin littafin "Al'amarin kore duniya". Suka duba ta cikin zurfin wasan kwaikwayo.

Na biyu ainihin ra'ayin - to babbar sha'awa Osorgin taro littattafai da tsarabobi. A dukiya - wata babbar tarin kasa wallafe, a cikakken jerin wanda aka gabatar a "Notes na haihuwa Bookworm", kazalika da tarin tarihi litattafan, sau da yawa soki wakilan da monarchist sansanin. A buga shi a 1928-1934 shekaru. Masu musamman wazo bikin a su irreverent hali zuwa na sarki iyali da kuma jagorancin da Orthodox Church.

pince-nez

A 1924, a Berlin, a cikin "Days" magazine, akwai daya daga cikin shahararrun labaru, ya wallafa Mihail Andreevich Osorgin - "pince-nez".

A samfurin fara da tabbatarwa cewa kowane abu a cikin wannan duniya rayuwa rayukansu. Author rayayye yin amfani da wannan dabara, kamar yadda personification. Da taimakon saumn abubuwa saya mutum halaye. Alal misali, a agogon daga Osorgin paced da tari.

Wani fi so Hanyar marubucin - wani misãli. Tare da taimakon shi ne zai yiwu ba a general iyali abubuwa na musamman, musamman hali. A babban harafin da labarin da ke sa Mihail Andreevich Osorgin tabarau. Takaitacciyar da samfurin bayyana ta bayyananniyar labarin.

A matsayin hujja da cewa abubuwa wani lokacin rayuwa a kan nasu, marubucin ya waiwayi lokuta inda m abubuwa ba zato ba tsammani bace farko, sa'an nan kuma kamar yadda abke samu. Wannan m fassarar shaida a Osorgin kamar Murphy ta Law.

Kamar yadda wani misali, marubucin ya ba da pince-nez, wanda rasa a daidai lokacin - a lokacin karatu. Ya search ne a hankali samo asali a cikin wani janar tsaftacewa da dukan gidan, amma har lokacin da duk dakuna suna haske tsabta, ba zai sami ya tabarau.

A cikin riwayan zo da taimakon abokinsa. Domin idan sun kasance m, daki-daki, a zana shirin na cikin dakin nuna wurare inda na da tabarau zai iya zama, amma duk yunkurin tabbatar banza.

A karshe kulawa don samun ya tabarau da hatsari. A wannan yanayin, da sosai gaskiya da gano Ana daukarsa a matsayin heroes of wani sosai halitta taron.

The riwayan yana nufin ya tabarau kamar yadda mai rai abu da cewa yana da hali, yana bukatar da zaune da kansa rai. A ƙarshe, kamar wani dabba, pince rai ya zo ga ƙarshe. Yana mutu. Karshe da aka bayyana takaici, da canons ban mamaki aiki. Yana mutu, kaisu baya a kananan guda.

Musamman da kuma asali tsarin kula da image da kuma fahimtar jigon da abubuwa da ta sa wannan labarin shahararren a Osorgin aiki.

A sansanin Masons

Fara zaune a zaman gudun hijira tun shekara ta 1925 Osorgin da hannu a cikin kungiyar da dama Masonic lodges, yayin da aiki a karkashin aegis na "Grand Orient de France '- daya daga cikin tsofaffin Masonic kungiyoyi. Ya kasance daya daga cikin shugabannin da lodges "Arewa Star" da "Free Rasha", shan up jami'in matsayi. Alal misali, ya kasance da Worshipful Jagora.

Kuma 1938 ya memba daga cikin babi - Majalisar Koli na babban kwamitin da Ancient da kuma yarda da Scottish da shagulgulan.

Ya mutu, aka binne shi a Faransa garin Chambray a 1942.