Mene ne wani Snowflake? Yadda aka kafa da kuma abin da ya kunshi?

Tiny kankara lu'ulu'u m musamman siffofin, wanda kariminci ya bamu kowane hunturu - wancan ne abin da snowflakes. Da asiri na wannan mu'ujiza mai ban al'ajabi yanayi ya dade janyo hankalin tambayar hankulansu. Ta yaya wannan sabon abu, wanda dokoki ne batun m jituwa da siffofin da ya sa suke haka bambancin - wadannan tambayoyi zai yi kokarin amsa a wannan labarin.

A tarihin nazarin snowflakes

Masana kimiyya sun dogon kokarin gano abin da snowflakes bayyana hadaddun da jitu tsarin da gine-gine. A farko na zane daga yanayin da ake yi ta Swiss bincike Mangus a 1555.

A farkon XVII karni na Jamus masanin kimiyya Iogann Kepler gano cewa kusan duk snowflakes ne kyakkyawan lu'ulu'u. Ya buga a kan batun kimiyya takardunku.

A cikin shekaru 1635-1637 tambaya na abin da snowflakes da sha'awar a Faransa lissafi Rene Dekarta. Ya bayyana su yi kama da furannin bi-rana, wardi, da ƙafafun da shida hakora. Ya buga nasu almara, wanda za ka iya ko da ganin snowflakes da takwas ko goma sha biyu hakora, da sauƙi abin da ke faruwa sosai da wuya.

A 1885, Amirka masanin kimiyya Wilson Bentley photographed na farko snow crystal karkashin wani hange. Domin kusan shekaru hamsin, da tarin kasance game da 5000 irin wannan hotuna.

Japan Nakaya Ukitiro - likita - An tsanani tsunduma a cikin nazarin yadda za snowflakes suna kafa da kuma sa su ne duk don haka daban-daban, a cikin shekaru 30 na karni na ashirin. Ya kasance da farko kimiyya rarrabuwa, da kuma kirkiro da wata inji don samar da wucin gadi snow. Sunan mai ilimin kimiyya da ake kira Museum of kankara da dusar ƙanƙara cewa an located in Japan, a tsibirin Hokkaido.

A shekara ta 1955, da Rasha A. waje snowflakes zuwa kashi tara azuzuwan, kazalika da 48 jinsin. Daga cikin su - "hedgehogs", "allura", "Plate", "sanduna", "cuff links" da sauransu.

American Kenneth Liebrecht da suke zaune a wadannan kwanaki, ya "cike da snowflakes Handbook." A cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, snow lu'ulu'u suna girma artificially, shi ne ko da zai yiwu ba wani zane siffar.

Yadda za a samar da snowflakes

Snowflakes an kafa daga ruwa tururi. Tiny droplets na low zafin jiki da kuma high zafi ne takaice a girgije. Da suke fuskanta da ake wãtsarwa iyo a cikin iska, da kuma shiga da su. Saboda haka, da cewa daga wanda ya kunshi snowflakes, - wani ƙura barbashi (crystal nuclei) da kuma kananan kankara gaɓũɓuwa, hankali girma a kusa da kowane daga cikinsu.

Kamar yadda nan gaba Snowflake da dama a kasa, shi shiga duk da sabon kankara lu'ulu'u, yayin da rikewa da sosai kyakkyawan siffar. Convex rabo daga cikin crystal to girma da sauri.

Da fuskantar hanya tare da cika da qarfin droplets, Snowflake ci gaba da girma. Kai wani m taro, shi dama saukar - a ƙasa.

iri-iri na snowflakes

A kan hanyar snowflakes suna kafa da kuma yadda suke girma, shi rinjayar m dalilai. A mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu - da sãɓãwar zafin jiki a daban-daban yadudduka da yanayi, snow lu'ulu'u ne ya auku.

A cikin iska, da snowflakes ake kullum canja. A sanyi yankunan lu'ulu'u girma ne accelerating, da suka girma da yawa a tsawon. Akwai, inda a can ne mafi dumi iska, da "haskoki" ma tsawo, amma za a fara shuka a kamu. Sanin cewa wani Snowflake, zaka iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa, dangane da yanayin yanayi a wannan yanki yawanci dama hali na ta da irin snow.

Saboda haka, a cikin Baltic yankin da kuma Tsakiya Rasha a kwantar da hankula weather, snow sau da yawa ya zo a cikin irin manyan "Fluffy" flakes, wanda da wani hadadden branched form. Tare da karfi gusts daga iska da kuma low zafin jiki snowflakes yi karo da juna, da kuma crumble cikin lafiya, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa fada zuwa ƙasa. Idan ka buga arba'in-mataki sanyi, da nascent kankara lu'ulu'u zai boye ƙasa "lu'u-lu'u kura". Kuma a tsakiyar Yakutia a cikin sanyi weather sau da yawa fada bakin ciki "allura" na kankara.

Lokacin da snow da dama

Snow da aka kafa a cikin hali a lokacin da iska zafin jiki ne a kasa biyu digiri Celsius. Wannan mas'ala cewa wannan ma'aunin zafi da sanyio nufin ya fada a kasa sifili - shi ne mai labari. A wannan yanayin, shi zai fara zuwa narke cikin dusar ƙanƙara ya riga ya auku. Duk da haka, a cikin tsari iska zafin jiki a wuraren da akwai precipitates dole rage-rage.

Heaviest snow flakes fada a cikin kewayon sifili zuwa biyu digiri. Amma idan da yawan zafin jiki fara tashi sama, sa'an nan, abin da ya kunshi snowflakes - kananan kankara lu'ulu'u, za inexorably narke. A wannan yanayin, mafi m, ya kamata mu sa ran fadowa rigar snow, kuma ko da ruwan sama.