Mene ne River Falls da gwamnatin? A gangara da fall na duniya most waɗansu kõguna

Fall River da kuma yanayin - ne key hydrological sigogi. Za su iya samun wani ra'ayin da ruwa da abun ciki, yanayi da kuma gudãna daga rate na wani watercourse. Mene ne wani digo a cikin kogi? Yadda za a lissafta ta gangara? Abin da kayyade musamman yanayin da kogin? Amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi suna tattauna a wannan labarin.

Hydrology da topography

Kowane kogi ne na musamman. Yana da wuya a sami a cikin yanayi, biyu daga cikin watercourse, wanda zai zama daidai da wannan. Sun bambanta daga juna a tsawon, watsin, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na ruwa gwamnatin, da sauransu.

A yanayi da gudun da kogin kwarara ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan ƙasa a cikin abin da yana daukan wuri. A duwãtsu za ka iya ganin wasu daga qarqashinsu, kuma a filayen - ne quite daban-daban. Mountain kõguna kawo su ruwa da sauri da kuma sauri. Su stony kogin da kuma cike da Rapids, waterfalls. A waɗannan kõguna sunã sau da yawa ambaliyar faruwa. Wasu daga cikin su suna da catastrophic sakamakon.

Filayen da kogin, a akasin haka, a kwantar da hankula da kuma auna. Su tashar smoothly tankwasa kuma sau da yawa m zurfin. Kwarara gudu a cikin wannan yanayin ne kadan.

Fall River da kuma nuna bambanci - Waɗannan su ne Figures, wanda zai iya sanin ko tashar iri watercourse. Ga bayani a kan yadda za a lissafta su, za a tattauna kara.

Fall River da kuma gangara - abin da yake da shi?

All waterways a duniya gudãna daga sama zuwa kasa, bisa ga doka na duniya gravitation. Masomin wani watercourse ake magana a kai a matsayin tushen, da kuma karshe - bakinsa. Mene ne wani digo a cikin kogi? Abin da aka fiye da ake kira ta gangara?

Fall River - shi ne bambanci a tsawo a mita tsakanin ta tushen da bakinka tsawo. Gangara ne da rabo daga abin da ya faru ga tsawon na watercourse. Wannan siga za a iya bayyana a percentages, ppm, ko digiri a m / km.

Gangaren bayyana a qarqashinsu, yawanci ba ya wuce 0.1-0.2 m / km (10-20 ppm). Mountain kõguna, wannan adadi zai iya zama a cikin dubun ko ma daruruwan sau mafi girma. A wasu stretches shi zai iya isa da dama dubun mita da kilometer. Similar mãkirci ne jerin cascades da kuma waterfalls.

Gangaren watercourse iya zama a tsaye ko mai gangara, idan akwai misalignment a kwance tashar.

Yadda yin lissafi da gangare, da fall na watercourse?

Saboda haka, abin da yake cikin fall na kogin da kuma ta gangara, mun gano. Ya zauna don gano yadda wadannan Figures aka lasafta.

Lissafi maniyi, da gangare daga cikin kogin ne mai sauqi qwarai. Kana bukatar ka sani kawai uku dabi'u: jimlar tsawon na watercourse, da tsawo na ta tushen da kuma baki. Ji tsawo bambancin (cikakkar) tsakanin karshe da maki biyu, za mu sami darajar da dama. Idan kogin gudana a cikin teku, ko teku, da cikakkar tsawo na bakin kamata a yi la'akari da alamar 0 mita. Gangaren kogin da aka lasafta kamar haka: Asabarin da darajar da za a raba ta da jimlar tsawon na watercourse.

Zaton cewa tsawon kogin, "X" ne 800 km. Its tushen ne a tsawon 1450 m, da kuma baki - a kusa da 650 m Fall River aka bai :. 1450 m - 650 m = 800 m. Daga wannan shi ya bi cewa gangara ne daidai to 800 m / 800 m = 1 km / km (ko 100 ppm).

tsarin mulki na kogin da kuma dalilai kayyade ta

A karkashin tsarin mulki na kogin fahimci duk hadaddun canjãwa ta jihar saboda da labarin kasa da kuma sauyin yanayi na wannan yanki. Wadannan canje-canje na iya zama kullum ko yanayi. kogin gwamnatin bayyana a cikin sãɓãwar launukansa zazzabi, ya kwarara kudi da kuma ruwan matakin a cikin tashar.

The uku main bulan na hydrological gwamnatin magudanai hada low ruwa, high ruwa da kuma ambaliyar ruwa. Ambaliyar - wani lokaci na kara ruwa abun ciki na kogin, da kuma iyakar ruwa matakin a cikin gado. Ambaliyar - mai kaifi da kuma m karuwa a ruwa matakai a koguna, ya sa nauyi ruwan sama. Low ruwa - wannan shi ne mafi kankanta matakin na ruwa a magudanai (Wannan lokaci na ruwa gwamnatin An misalta kasa a cikin photo).

Nan da ruwa tsarin mulki na kogin (sai ambaliyar ruwa) consistently maimaita a kakar wasa daya.

A kogi ne rinjayi mutane da yawa muhalli dalilai. Na farko shi ne:

• da Gwargwadon wuri na yankin.
• yanayin damina.
• da yanayi na da ikon da kogin.
• ƙasa da kuma ciyayi.
• da gaban da canza yanayi;
• anthropogenic dalilai.

Fall da kuma karkata daga cikin Duniya ta most waɗansu kõguna

Kasa ne dabi'u na gangara da fall daga cikin goma most kogin tsarin na duniya tamu:

a ƙarshe

Mene ne wani digo a cikin kogi? Shi ne bambanci a tsawo tsakanin tushen da kuma bakin wani musamman watercourse. Gangara na kogin ne rabo fadowa zuwa ta total tsawon. Daga wadannan biyu sigogi, yana yiwuwa a kammala da cewa, yanayin da gudãna daga rate na wani musamman rafi.