Mene ne pampas Kudancin Amirka?

Akwai wuraren da muka ji, amma 'yan tunanin cewa shi ne. A wannan za a iya ce game da pampas a kudancin Amirka. Ban sha'awa sunan da aka sani da dama daga cikin Lines daga cikin song. Wannan kawai yadda ya juya waje, da bauna a cikin Pampas akwai, amma akwai da yawa wasu ban sha'awa dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke.

Mene ne pampas (pampas)?

A karkashin irin wannan mai ban sha'awa sunan boyewa quite talakawa ra'ayi domin mu - da steppe. Yana da su, a gaskiya, suna da pampas. Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne cewa su suna located in daya kawai wuri a duniya - a kudancin Amirka. Pampa lullube a cikin kudancin meridional deflection tsakanin Brazil tsaunuka da Andes. Yana kewaye da estuary na La Plata daga dukan uku tarnaƙi, kuma a kudu da kuma gabas fita zuwa ruwan tekun Atlantic. Mafi yawa daga cikin yankin da dama a kan pampas na Uruguay, da kuma arewa maso gabashin kasar Argentina da kuma kudancin Brazil.

Relief da ma'aunan kasa tsarin

Steppe (pampas) ne lebur ko undulating matakin kasa. A taimako ne halin da alternating na meridional Hercynian da Precambrian ridges, sakamakon wani hade da zurfin hollows da lebur filayen. Eastern pampas hankali Yanã shigar da abin da ake kira Western ko bushe, wanda aka daure a yamma clumpy Predkordiler ridges. Sun rabu da juna ma low rabo daga cikin ɓawon burodi (grabens). Su kasa aka saukar zuwa zurfin 2000 mita, su za a iya gaba daya, ko partially cika da Saline kasa, gishiri tabkuna ko Marshes.

yanayin damina

Pampas Kudancin Amirka, da aka located a cikin subtropical sauyin yanayi sashi, saboda haka kusan a ko'ina cikin shekara, wannan yanki da aka rinjayi iska talakawa zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic daga. Yanayi (game da 2000 mm kowace shekara), rarraba a ko'ina, fari ne musamman rare. Duk da haka, da bushe filayen da Pampa an fara jin tasirin nahiyar sauyin yanayi. Yanayi rage (300-500 mm), zama kasa uniform, mafi yawansu ba su asusu domin adana lokacin rana.

Samun wani ra'ayin abin da pampas da kuma inda ba wuya a tsammani cewa wannan yanki ne halin da mai zafi rani: da yawan zafin jiki jeri daga 25 zuwa 45 ° C. Yana kai matsakaicin na da darajar tsakanin koguna Parana da Uruguay. Domin da ƙasa ne halin da zafi da kuma gumi iska daga arewa. Average yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu ma m, amma wani lokacin za su iya ko za a daskarewa da kuma sanyi (-10 ° C har da yankin rigar pampas). Snow ne sosai rare da kuma narke nan da nan, murfin ba kafa.

A ƙasa tsakanin koguna da shayar da yawa aikin gandu na Uruguay da kuma Paraná. Duk da haka, za kara, shi ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin ƙasa na rigar Pampa yawan koguna ne da yawa kasa, da kuma a cikin wani bushe da kuma gaba daya su ne na wucin gadi da kuma full-gudãna kawai a lokacin shawa. Amma mai yawa gishiri da ruwa da kuma ruwan karkashin kasa, wanda zai iya ba amma zai shafi Flora da fauna.

A Flora na pampas

Yanzu da pampas Kudancin Amirka ne kusan gaba ɗaya amfani ga noma (arable ƙasar, makiyaya da kuma kauyuka kusa da su). Halitta ciyayi da kuma kunsa ake kiyaye kawai a wani karamin yanki. A Flora ne m, a nan ne mamaye hatsi (game da 1000 jinsunan). Ciyayi dogara a kan ƙasa da kuma ruwan sama. Saboda haka a Uruguay da kuma kudancin Brazil aka mamaye gandun daji. Suna kafa yafi a kogin kwari. Domin Evergreen gandun daji ne halayyar jinsunan (Araucaria, bamboo, Paraguay shayi, yodina rombolistny, quebracho, da sauransu. D.) Kuma lianas.

A bude sarari tsakanin koguna suna maye gurbinsu da hatsi, suka kuma cikakken shagaltar da ƙasa gumi pampas. Special ambaci ya kamata duba kamar yadda pampas ciyawa, ko cortaderia Sello (hoton sama). Wannan shi ne wani perennial shuka, kai wani tsawo na 4 mita. Forms manyan tufts kama bumps. Domin ta high waje na ado da kuma m Bloom (hure iya zama fari, ruwan hoda, ko shunayya inuwa har zuwa 40 cm) da aka sosai rare daga growers da kuma lambu. Dry pampas ne halin da low ruwan sama, saboda haka ya dubi kamar wani hali Semi-hamada, kasar gona kasa m, akwai babban adadin gishiri Marshes. Ga ciyayi ne sosai matalauta da aka wakilta ƙaya, cacti.

A fauna daga cikin Pampa

A fauna ya kuma halartar babban canje-canje saboda ayyukan mutane. K ne mafi girma a kungiyar kamata hada da wadanda suke iya motsa da sauri (a search na abinci, ruwa da kuma tsara). Shi ne 'yan yara (ciki har da Puma da Geoffroy ta Cat), pampas barewa, Mustangs (shigo da sau daya da Spain da kuma cikin daji doki), Azarov opossum da sauransu.

Domin Pampa ƙara halin da yawa daga jinsunan tsuntsaye da hakori. Mafi yawa daga cikin tsuntsaye ne migratory category. Sun zo a cikin pampas domin nesting da brooding. Don ambaci kawai 'yan fasali.:. Ipikaha, ibises, tinamou, da dai sauransu A karshen irin kama da saba a kan Partridge, amma launi mafi m plumage. Har ila yau, yana nufin mazaunan Pampas ne daya daga cikin dadaddun tsuntsaye - da jimina Rhea (hoto). Hakori ya kamata a lura nutria, bizcacha.

Pampa, da kuma ayyukan mutane

Turawa koyi abin da pampas, a cikin farkon 15th karni. A gida yawan aka tsunduma a cikin ƙasa da aikin noma da kuma dabbobi da noma tun kafin cewa. Around 16-17 ƙarni kafa musamman sashen dutsen na yawan - Makiyayan gauchos. Sun kasance Semi-nomadic, kuma sau da yawa suna idan aka kwatanta da North American kaboyi. A farko gauchos su ne 'ya'ya na gida India mata daga Spain. Don kwanan wata, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, mutum aiki da ya canza kunsa bayan fitarwa, kusan babu kusurwa untouched. Yanzu shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci m yankuna, kazalika da Argentina ta babban tattalin arziki gundumar. Pampa ne halin da densely populated. Saboda haka, 75% na Argentina ta yawan da suke zaune a wannan ƙasa. A manyan biranen - Rosario, La Plata, Lujan, Santa Fe.

A ƙasa pampas dasa game da 85% na masara da alkama, suna girma fiye da 60% na jimlar yawan dabbobinsu. Duk wadannan kayayyakin ne ga mafi part aka fitar dashi daga Argentina zuwa Turai.

A cikin tambaya na abin da yake cikin pampas, za mu iya amince ce: gonakinsa. A wannan dangane akwai biyu matsalolin muhalli: whittling saukar da na halitta ciyayi da kuma steppe ƙasƙanci daga overgrazing. Duk da haka, da hukumomi na kasashe da dama suna kokarin magance halin da ake ciki da kuma ci gaba da yanayin kasa a kalla a kan musamman kare halitta yankuna a kare yankunan.