Botanical Garden, Kharkov - na farko babban birnin kasar na girman kai

Daya daga cikin ado da wani birni - Botanical lambu. Kharkiv kamar yadda na farko babban birnin kasar Ukraine, riko da fari a wannan batun. Botanical Garden na VN a Jami'ar Jihar Karazin - abubuwa na halitta ajiye asusu na kasa da muhimmancin.

A mafi tsufa ɓangare na lambu

All su a cikin biyu, duka biyu su kasance a cikin Kharkov University. A farko, mafi tsufa, kafa a 1804, lokaci guda tare da jami'a. An located a kan wani tarihi site a kan titi Klochkovskaya, 52.

Domin na farko na'urar game da 28 ekoki na qasa da aka kasaftawa zuwa Ukraine Botanical Garden aiki na Count Potocki (game da 30 kadada) na Sumy babbar hanya, to, wannan wuri shi ne a waje da birnin iyaka. A daidai wannan lokaci da gina greenhouses aka sa shi. Yanzu, wannan hadaddun kunshi 11 gine-gine da duka yanki na 1075 murabba'in mita. Duk yadda ci gaba da bai canja ba da lokaci, a cikin wannan bangare na gari shi ne mai Botanical lambu. Kharkiv ne da gaskiya da alfahari da wannan janye. Tun daga shekarar 1960, da tarihi na Botanical Garden yana da matsayi na ajiye.

Lambu na sabon zamani

Wani reshe na Botanical Garden aka kafa a cikin marigayi hamsin na karshe karni. Sai Soviet gwamnati da aka alama yanki a kan karkata birnin total yanki na kan 75 kadada. Yanzu wannan birni line, a cikin abin da lambu da aka located a kan Otakar Yarosh titi, 24.

A wannan yanki da shuke-shuke tattara daidai da daukan hotuna yankunan girma a cikin yanayi: misali, tafiya wurin shakatawa, za ka iya samun matsahi na saba da Flora na Asiya ta tsakiya, a Turai, to ziyarci arewa-gabashin Ukraine, da Rum, Sin da Japan. A birnin Kharkiv yankin "Botanical Garden" - daya daga cikin fi so wuraren ga mutane, wanda shi ne ko da yaushe na sha'awar nuna baƙi. Aljanna ta tarin fiye da 1000 itatuwa da kuma shrubs. A cikin duka, da jami'a lambu tarin fiye da dubu bakwai da shuke-shuke.

greenhouse noma

Greenhouses suna sanye take da na halitta da kuma yanayin zones, kamar yadda dukan Botanical Garden. Kharkiv aka dauke su daya daga cikin kimiyya aninai Ukraine, wanda taimaka mai yawa da aiki na lambu sandarka. Kowane greenhouse ƙunshi shuke-shuke da bukatar kula na musamman. Domin mu sauyin yanayi mafi wuya ne su ci gaba da wurare masu zafi yanayi: duk shekara bukatar high zafi da kuma high zazzabi.

Cikin tsofaffin itatuwan gonar - dabino. A shuka yana da fiye da shekaru 100 na da saye da takardun nema a mayar da 1939. Yana blooms kowace shekara. Lambu da ma'aikatan ce cewa girbi hampered da wani rashin namiji itace. Ɗari dabino rasa pollination, don haka kwanakin watan nunarsa kananan da kuma a cikin wani karamin adadin. A tsawo na dabĩno fiye da 20 mita, da kuma lokacin da halin da ake ciki ya zama m, a cikin greenhouse yana da wani maimaitawa, kiwon gilashin rufi ga dadi girma. Amma irin wannan hukunci ba zai šauki tsawon, unpaved saukowa damar da shi zuwa ga girma bisa ga muhimmi yanayin da shirin. A tarin dabino ne m: talatin da takwas jinsunan da iri na shuke-shuke.

The kyau na wurare masu zafi da greenhouses ba inabõbi, isasshe shuke-shuke da kuma babban tarin cacti. Desert Flora zauna a babban ɓangare na nuni, da dama cacti yana da fiye da 800 jinsunan. A musamman dandano suna warwatse fern shuke-shuke, wasu daga cikin ma'aikata ba su shafa, da kuma shi ne mai kore ƙunci.

The tarin shuke-shuke na wurare masu zafi da kuma subtropical sauyin yanayi a gonar yana da fiye da dubu biyu da jinsunan duniya Flora: murtsunguwa, tsire, kwazazzabo orchids da kuma more.

lambu weekdays

Development, da nazari, da kuma kayan haɓɓaka aiki - wadannan su ne ainihin dokoki da tallafawa Botanical Garden. Kharkov ya aikata da yawa don adana da na halitta dukiya. Biyar bincike sashen nazarin da kuma adana rare shuke-shuke a cikin wani yanki na musamman da hankali acewa Flora na Ukraine.

Dendrological sashen tattara fiye da 1000 jinsunan ornamental shuke-shuke, daga cikinsu akwai relic: ginkgo, shahara a Kharkov cewa suna da wannan tushen girma uku daban-daban jinsunan. Ƙwarai Yew: wani alama na shi ne cewa wannan shuka guba ne duk: Tushen, needles, haushi da kuma berries ne edible kawai. Ko da a cikin Yew mai haske, kyau da kuma muhimmanci itace, da kuma lokacin da yana da berries - shi ne wani dada m itace.

Kuma mai yawa na flowering shuke-shuke ana shuka a shekara a cikin Botanical lambu. Kuma daga nasu collections. Ma'aikata na sashen tattara fiye da 750 jinsunan da irin bulbous shuke-shuke, wanda tulips, rare jinsunan daffodils, crocuses farkon, da kwarjini da taƙama furannin bi-rana. Babu kasa da ban sha'awa tarin peonies - 170 jinsunan irises - fiye da 180 iri.

Kullum a bayansa da kudi herbarium, wadda ke mayar da 36 dubu zanen gado. Af, kafin yakin duniya na II herbarium asusun kunshi 300,000 zanen gado, amma aka gaba daya dauka fita zuwa Jamus. Bayan yaki, ya gudanar ya dawo kawai ɓangare na asusun.

Balaguro din da kuma fannin

Botanical lambu, ban da na kimiyya filin daga aiki yana da ilimi dalili. Ga baƙi akwai balaguro din, musamman ban sha'awa ne dalibai, da kuma kawai yawo tare da hanyõyi da waƙoƙi ne ko da yaushe kyau, saboda ga wannan da halitta mai Botanical lambu, Kharkiv. Hours: kullum daga tara da safe har hudu karfe da yamma, a cikin kide bude damar yin amfani da sa'o'i uku na rana. Shiryar da Tours ga makaranta da ake gudanar a kan weekdays, a kungiyoyin mutane 15 ko fiye.

Daya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi so daga cikin gari - Botanical lambu. Kharkiv, birni photo, lambu ne wasu daga cikin katunan kasuwanci na Ukraine.